DE843088C - Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-permeable skins and diaphragms - Google Patents
Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-permeable skins and diaphragmsInfo
- Publication number
- DE843088C DE843088C DESCH2991D DESC002991D DE843088C DE 843088 C DE843088 C DE 843088C DE SCH2991 D DESCH2991 D DE SCH2991D DE SC002991 D DESC002991 D DE SC002991D DE 843088 C DE843088 C DE 843088C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ultrafilters
- production
- solution
- diaphragms
- pores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/003—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by selective elimination of components, e.g. by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ultrafiltern, halbdurdilässigen Häuten und Diaphragmen Die bisher bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ultrafiltern und I>iaphragmen haben den großen Nachteil, daß es bei ihnen nicht möglich ist, die Weite und die Zahl der Poren je Flächeneinheit und ihre Verteilung über die Filterfläche genau festzulegen oder vorher zu bestimmen. Besonders die ungleiche Größe der Poren ist sehr nachteilig, weil für genaue Arbeiten bei der Ultrafiltration in jedem Fall der sog. größte Porendurchmesser und die mittlere Porenweite mittels umständlicher Verfahren bestimmt werden müssen.Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-durum skins and diaphragms The previously known processes for the production of ultrafilters and I> iaphragms have the major disadvantage that with them it is not possible to use the The size and number of pores per unit area and their distribution over the filter surface to be precisely defined or to be determined beforehand. Especially the uneven size of the pores is very disadvantageous because for precise work in ultrafiltration in each case the so-called largest pore diameter and the mean pore size by means of cumbersome Procedures need to be determined.
Nach dem Verfahren der Erfindung läßt sich ohne Schwierigkeit ein Ultrafilter mit überall gleich großen Poren herstellen, wobei man die Zahl der Poren je Flächeneinheit und ihre Größe nach Wunsch bestimmen kann. Das neue Verfahren geht von organischen Kunststoffen aus, die in einem Lösungsmittel löslich sind. Bringt man eine solche Kunststofflösung zum Eintrocknen, so erhält man eine Haut, die keine Poren hat. Zur Erzeugung der Poren wird nach der Erfindung der Kunststofflösung die Lösung eines in Wasser löslichen Stoffs von bekannter Molekulargröße hinzugemischt, z. B. eines anorganischen Salzes oder einer organischen Verbindung, die mit der Kunststofflösung keine Reaktion eingeht, sich aber mit der Kunststofflösung ohne Ausscheidung mischt. Die Salzlosung darf alin keine: wäßrige Lösung, sondern muß eine Lösung in organischen Lösungsmitteln sein. Die Mischung bringt man zum Eintrocknen; die so entstehende Haut enthalt das hinzugefügte anorganische Salz oder die organische Verbindullg in feinster Verteilung. Danach wird die Haut in Wasser eingelegt und so. da der Kunststoff nicht in Wasser löslich ist, nur das zur Porenerzeugung hinzugefügte Salz hzw. die organische Verbin dung aus der Haut herausgelöst, so daß an Stelle der herausgelösten Moleküle Poren in der Haut entstehen. According to the method of the invention can be achieved without difficulty Manufacture ultrafilter with pores of the same size everywhere, whereby the number of pores can determine per unit of area and its size as desired. The new procedure is based on organic plastics that are soluble in a solvent. If such a plastic solution is allowed to dry out, a skin is obtained that has no pores. According to the invention, the plastic solution is used to produce the pores the solution of a water-soluble substance of known molecular size is added, z. B. an inorganic salt or an organic compound with the Plastic solution does not react, but deals with the plastic solution without excretion mixes. The salt solution must not be: aqueous solution, but must be a solution in organic solvents. The mix brings one to dry up; the resulting skin contains the added inorganic Salt or the organic compound in finest distribution. After that, the skin soaked in water and such. since the plastic is not soluble in water, just that salt added to create pores the organic compound from the skin loosened, so that pores are created in the skin in place of the loosened molecules.
Die Größe der Poren ist nur von der Größe der Moleküle des hinzugefügten und herausgelösten Stoffs abhängig. Durch geeignete Zahl des hinzuzufügenden Salzes oder andern Stoffs kann man die Porenweite entsprechend der Größe der Salzmolekiile festlegen. Da die Salzmolekiile in der Lösung gleichmäßig verteilt waren, müssen auch die Poren gleichmäßig über die Fläche der Haut verteilt sein. The size of the pores is only dependent on the size of the molecules being added and released substance dependent. By appropriate number of salt to be added or another substance, the pore size can be determined according to the size of the salt molecules determine. Since the salt molecules were evenly distributed in the solution, must Also the pores should be evenly distributed over the surface of the skin.
Endlich wird die Zahl der Poren je Flächeneinheit bestimmt durch die Menge des hinzugefügten und danach gerausgelösten Stoffs im Verhältnis zum Ranumgehalt der Kungststofflösung.Finally, the number of pores per unit area is determined by the Amount of added and then released substance in relation to the ranum content the plastic solution.
Man hat zwar schon früher versucht, poröse Häute durch Beimengung derauslöslicher oder-brennharer Bestandteile herzustellen, ist aher dahei immer von festen Körpern ausgegangen und konnte so nicht zu der äußerst kleinen Porenweite gelangen. Attempts have already been made to make porous skins by adding them It is therefore always necessary to produce the releasable or non-inflammable constituents started from solid bodies and so could not achieve the extremely small pore size reach.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DESCH2991D DE843088C (en) | 1944-03-31 | 1944-03-31 | Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-permeable skins and diaphragms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DESCH2991D DE843088C (en) | 1944-03-31 | 1944-03-31 | Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-permeable skins and diaphragms |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE843088C true DE843088C (en) | 1952-07-03 |
Family
ID=7423547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DESCH2991D Expired DE843088C (en) | 1944-03-31 | 1944-03-31 | Process for the production of ultrafilters, semi-permeable skins and diaphragms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE843088C (en) |
-
1944
- 1944-03-31 DE DESCH2991D patent/DE843088C/en not_active Expired
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