DE8407225U1 - Carburetor boilers for solid fuels - Google Patents

Description

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Carburetor boilers for solid fuel «

The invention relates to a Vergaserheizke & sel for Solid fuels according to the preamble of the main claim.

Solid fuels are to be understood as meaning: wood, Briquetted wood / lignite, lignite briquettes or the like, if applicable. also mixed with fine planes or Sawdust.

Boilers for burning such fuels are known. This prior art is represented, for example, by the subjects of DE-GM ¹ S 78 10 849 and D-OS 28 14 614. These solid fuel boilers are not, however, carburetor boilers but simply those in which the heating - and flue gases simply draw off through the Nachschaltheizflachen mostly with entrainment of solid particles, ie », iiii the lower area of the relatively large combustion chamber, no gasification takes place, but the fuel burns upwards, which happens relatively quickly.

Generator gas firing systems # which work much cleaner overall and their use in consideration of environmental pollution in contrast to the above boilers to be provided to a greater extent, are also known, for example DE-PS 829 482. This follows the specially trained and horizontally oriented gasification

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kanuner a horizontal gas overflow channel opening into a fireplace, where the actual gas combustion then takes place in the fireplace. The whole consists practically of four individual parts / namely fuel shaft; horizontally oriented gasification chamber, overflow channel and fireplace, the extent to which this * results in a largely particle-free, i.e. environmentally friendly gasification and combustion, may _{be an open question r} in any case, it is overall a structurally complex and bulky design of the entire unit / with the fireplace / under which one has to imagine a more or less normal boiler suitable for this, which takes up a correspondingly large space when the whole is set up and in which the flame is inevitably not guided strictly over a longer distance for the purpose of good burnout.

The invention is accordingly based on the object to provide a gasifier boiler which, despite use the longest possible combustion path for the gases formed in the lower area of the hopper and the heating surfaces to be connected to these in a compact manner in a self-contained manner Housing should contain all of these elements with the proviso that these elements can be easily accessed and especially space-saving and side discharge

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the gases from the gasification zone of the fuel shaft.

This task is with a gas boiler initially mentioned type according to the invention solved by what is covered in the characterizing part of the main claim. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

This construction principle according to the invention and allowing a compact design is particularly suitable for smaller ones This compact construction principle also applies to performance ranges / what should not be excluded to be able to use larger power ranges, if the local conditions of the installation parts allow the introduction of a correspondingly larger housing.

It is essential for the whole construction principle that the slender filling chute, the slender and relatively long flame channel and the secondary heating surfaces are arranged vertically close to one another and the outflow of the gases into the flame duct laterally from the gasification zone off takes place.

An embodiment is preferred in which a Additional heating surface in ascending order in front of the flue gas outlet

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must be flowed through, resulting in a total of two flow deflections, namely above the Flame channel and behind the secondary heating surface part, which is flowed through falling. The consequent vertical arrangement results in aiah unhindered Accessibility to the fuel shaft above and below, to the GdS overflow channel, to the flame channel and the downstream “Cold heating surfaces, which he elucidates in more detail will"

Tests with a gasification boiler designed in this way have shown that even with a minimum output from 25% of the nominal output it still burns cleanly and does not smoke or tarry. The reason for this is in particular the long and narrow flame channel and the mindectens a diversion of the outflowing gases.

The gasifier boiler according to the invention is shown below explained in more detail with reference to the graphic representation of an exemplary embodiment.

It shows

Fig * 1 is a longitudinal section through the VergäSerheiz ^ boiler;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the boiler with open deck closures and

Fig. 3, 4 iia section a preferred embodiment of the Fuel efficiency in the lower range.

Uia get an idea of the real dimensions of the

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To be able to make carburetor boilers, it should be noted that, for example, at a power range From about 20 to 30 Kw, the fuel shaft 1 has an internal cross-section of about 330 χ 370 mm and a height from about 120 to 150 cm.

As can be seen, the fuel shaft 1, the flame channel 2, which is also lined with refractory material (shaped stone), and the secondary heating surfaces 3 are arranged vertically close to one another. In the lower area of the shaft 1 and of the flame duct 2, the overflow opening 5 to the duct 2 is formed into the linings I ¹ , 2 'in an ascending manner.

The flame channel 2 opens at the top into a flame deflecting chamber 7 which is molded into a refractory block 8. With this deflection chamber 7, two heating gas flues 3 are detected on the outflow side, which flow through them downwards and Open into a lower deflection chamber 10 with a cleaning opening and in which residual particles are separated from the gas flow will. From this deflection chamber 10, an increasing flow of heating gas leads to the flue gas collection Ik amme r 12 with trigger opening 13, which is a trigger housing 14 with built-in induced draft fan 16 and flue gas outlet nozzle is arranged downstream.

The whole enclosure housing 4 including the [partition walls between shaft 1, duct 2 and Heizgae-

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coatings 3 is made of water-bearing double walls 4 ¹ gebildet- Likewise, the grate 17 can be formed with water jacket at the bottom of the shaft 1 and provided for secondary air supply with inflow opening 18 or also grate-like bottom of the formed Flaiamkanales 2, as shown.

The block 8 is advantageously seated together with a thermal insulation 19 for the RauchgassammeIkammer 12 on one Closing cover, when it is removed, alao Flaminkanal 2, heating gas flues and the flue gas collecting ducts 12 become accessible.

Above the upper shaft opening 20 (not shown) a suitable closure arranged, if necessary. in the form of a surge sluice, although this is not mandatory is necessary because the whole boiler is under suction from the fan 16. Of course Devices for automatic loading of solid fuels can also be provided, in particular if the boiler is intended for larger output ranges.

Since all refractory parts are parts that can be inserted from above, also beneficial their separate transport to the installation site should be considered.

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The flow guidance is indicated with arrows and does not require any further explanation in this respect. It is essential that the gases emerge laterally from the gasification zone 1 ″, so that as few solid particles as possible are entrained can, which are then deposited in the deflection chamber 10 at the latest.

The ceramic lining 1i in which the gasification zone is located 1 '' is preferred and advantageous in In the sense of Pig.3,4, whereby the sheet steel housing, if this is the dimensions dej * Ceramic lining 1 'should require, designed appropriately enlarged in this area te in can.

As can be seen from Pig.3,4, these are for enlargement the gasification zone 1 "in the plank walls 21 outgassing channels 22 formed, whereby the fuel in Can spread shape of a Schüttkegeis and in the gussets 23 free spaces for the outflow of Gases to the overflow channel 5 result.

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Claims (4)

V M t a ι it * • · · * t ♦ I · tit «· ·· t ■ Iff f · * . ' »« · Ι tt M Il II · Security claims: 1, gasifier boiler for plague fuels, consisting of from a fuel shaft provided with a bottom-side host and ash collecting chamber, to which a for Secondary heating surface leading overflow channel connected is, with the fuel shaft, a flame duct and the Nachschaltheizgaszüge vertical are arranged side by side in a common, water-bearing enclosure housing and between Fuel shaft and the vertical flame channel are provided in the lower area of the overflow channel is, characterized in that above the lower area with secondary air opening (6) provided flame channel (2) a at least a part of the Nachschaltheizgaszug (3) capturing, is arranged from a removable block (8) formed deflection chamber (7), that the fuel shaft (1) in the lower area at least is provided with outgassing channels (22) on its two flank walls (21), that the in the refractory linings (1 ', 2') of the Fuel shaft (i) and the flame duct (2j molded Overflow channel 5) rising towards the flame channel (2) is arranged and that behind the at least one adjoining the deflection chamber (7), a chamber (io) with a cleaning opening (11) is arranged through the hot gas flue (3) flowing through it. • · »» 1 ··! ·> ι ι ι ι II • · · · <· · ■ »til» • 9 ♦ · · t 1 y (Ct · «■ · e · η ni 2. Carburetor boiler according to claim 1, characterized, that the block (8) formed from refractory material is arranged on a housing closure cover (9). 3. Carburetor boiler according to claim 1 or 2, , characterized" -. that the chamber designed as a steering chamber (1o) at least one throughflow, to a flue gas collecting quay (12) leading, also more vertical ^{: The} hot gas flue (3) is switched on. J 4. Carburetor boiler according to claim 2 or 3 » characterized in that with the housing cover (9) also the flue gas collecting chamber (12) is completed thermally insulated. 5 » Carburetor boiler according to claim 3 or 4» characterized in that that behind the exhaust opening (13) the belly gas collector (f chamber (12) a trigger housing (H) with trigger nozzle (15) and induced draft fan (16) is arranged. 6. carburetor boiler according to one of claims 1 to 5, ■ characterized, that the vertical shafts, namely refractory lined fuel shaft (1) and flame channel (2) and the walls of the enclosure housing (4) surrounding the secondary heating gas flues (3) as water-bearing double walls (4 ') are trained.