DE825756C - Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies - Google Patents

Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies

Info

Publication number
DE825756C
DE825756C DEZ769A DEZ0000769A DE825756C DE 825756 C DE825756 C DE 825756C DE Z769 A DEZ769 A DE Z769A DE Z0000769 A DEZ0000769 A DE Z0000769A DE 825756 C DE825756 C DE 825756C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
refractive power
determining
refractometer
liquid
solid bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEZ769A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Gerhard Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZEISS OPTON OPTISCHE WERKE
Original Assignee
ZEISS OPTON OPTISCHE WERKE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZEISS OPTON OPTISCHE WERKE filed Critical ZEISS OPTON OPTISCHE WERKE
Priority to DEZ769A priority Critical patent/DE825756C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE825756C publication Critical patent/DE825756C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
    • G01N21/43—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length by measuring critical angle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Description

Zur Bestimmung des Brechungsvermögens von festen und flüssigen Körpern werden gewöhnlich Refraktometer benutzt, welche die unmittelbare Ablesung des Brechungsvermögens der zu prüfenden Substanz gestatten. Für den Fall der Beobachtung im reflektierten Licht wird das vom Meßprisma her auf die Grenzfläche zwischen Prisma und Prüfsubstanz treffende Licht für alle Winkel, die größer sind als der Grenzwinkel der Totalreflexion, vollständig reflektiert. Licht, das unter kleineren Einfallswinkeln als dem Grenzwinkel der Totalreflexion auftrifft, wird dagegen nur teilweise reflektiert. Dadurch markiert sich auf der Ableseskala der Grenzwinkel der Totalreflexion als mehr oder weniger deutliche Kontrastlinie, deren Lage in bekannter Weise mit dem Brechungsvermögen der Prüfsubstanz zusammenhängt. For determining the refractive power of solid and liquid bodies Refractometers are commonly used, which provide an instant reading of the refractive power allow the substance to be tested. In the event of observation in the reflected The light is emitted from the measuring prism onto the interface between the prism and the test substance hitting light for all angles that are larger than the critical angle of total reflection, fully reflected. Light at angles of incidence smaller than the critical angle the total reflection hits is, however, only partially reflected. Marked by it The critical angle of total reflection appears on the reading scale as more or less clear contrast line, whose position in a known way with the refractive power related to the test substance.

Insbesondere bei starker Vergrößerung ist der Helligkeitsunterschied diesseits und jenseits der Grenzlinie der Totalreflexion im Gesichtsfeld der Beobachtungsvorrichtung nur schlecht zu erkennen.The difference in brightness is particularly evident when the magnification is high this side and the other side of the boundary line of total reflection in the field of view of the observation device hard to see.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezweckt eine Verbesserung der Sichtbarkeit der Grenzlinie durch Steigerung des Kontrastes bei Verwendung von linear polarisiertem Licht zur Beobachtung. Dazu wird zwischen dem Meßprisma und der Beobachtungsvorrichtung eine Polarisationseinrichtung, beispielsweise ein Flächenpolarisator, angebracht. Bei Verwendung von natürlichem Licht bewirkt die parallel zur Prismenkante schwingende Komponente des Lichtes eine Minderung, die senkrecht zur Prismenkante schwingende Komponente eine Steigerung des Kontrastes an der Grenzlinie der Totalreflexion, da das Reflexionsvermögen entsprechend den Fresnelschen Formeln vom Azimut der Schwingungsebene des Lichtes abhängt. Wird also die parallel zur Prismenkante schwingende Komponente durch einen Polarisator, der nur senkrecht zur Prismenkante, also parallel zum Hauptschnitt schwingendes Licht hindurchläßt, unterdrückt, so wird damit die durch die Erfindung erstrebte Kontraststeigerung zur besseren Erkennbarkeit der Grenzlinie der Totalreflexion erreicht. The present invention aims to improve visibility the borderline by increasing the contrast when using linearly polarized Light for observation. This is done between the measuring prism and the observation device a polarization device, for example a surface polarizer, attached. When using natural light, the light oscillates parallel to the edge of the prism Component of light is a reduction that oscillates perpendicular to the edge of the prism Component an increase in the contrast at the borderline of total reflection, because the reflectivity according to Fresnel's formulas of the azimuth of the plane of vibration depends on the light. So it becomes the component that vibrates parallel to the prism edge by a polarizer that is only perpendicular to the prism edge, i.e. parallel to the main section Lets vibrating light through, suppressed, so that is the result of the invention Desired increase in contrast for better recognizability of the boundary line of total reflection achieved.

Bei dem in der Abbildung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel durchsetzt das vom hIeßprisma I herkommende Licht nach der Reflexion am Umlenkspiegel 2 einen Polarisator 3 und gelangt danach in das Objektiv 4 des Beobachtungsfernrohres, in dessen Gesichtsfeld die Grenzlinie der Totalreflexion auf der Ableseskala durch das Okular 5 und 6 beobachtet wird. In the embodiment shown in the figure interspersed the light coming from the hot prism I after the reflection at the deflecting mirror 2 a Polarizer 3 and then enters the objective 4 of the observation telescope, in whose field of view passes through the borderline of total reflection on the reading scale the eyepieces 5 and 6 are observed.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPHUCH Refraktometer zur Bestimmung des Brechungsvermögens von flüssigen oder festen Körpern mit Hilfe der Grenzlinie der Totalreflexion, gekennzeichnet durch eine Polarisationseinrichtung zwischen Meßprisma und Beobachtungsvorrichtung, deren Polarisationseinrichtung parallel zum Hauptschnitt des Prismas gelegen ist. PATENTANSPHUCH Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid or solid bodies with the help of the boundary line of total reflection by a polarization device between the measuring prism and the observation device, whose polarization device is located parallel to the main section of the prism.
DEZ769A 1950-06-22 1950-06-22 Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies Expired DE825756C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEZ769A DE825756C (en) 1950-06-22 1950-06-22 Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEZ769A DE825756C (en) 1950-06-22 1950-06-22 Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE825756C true DE825756C (en) 1951-12-20

Family

ID=7617907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEZ769A Expired DE825756C (en) 1950-06-22 1950-06-22 Refractometer for determining the refractive power of liquid and solid bodies

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE825756C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1133575B (en) * 1956-03-09 1962-07-19 Optische Anstalt C P Goerz Ges Refractometer
DE1266016B (en) * 1965-05-11 1968-04-11 Mario Maselli Photoelectric refractometer for measuring the refractive index of liquids

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1133575B (en) * 1956-03-09 1962-07-19 Optische Anstalt C P Goerz Ges Refractometer
DE1266016B (en) * 1965-05-11 1968-04-11 Mario Maselli Photoelectric refractometer for measuring the refractive index of liquids

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