DE8229700U1 - Melting and casting furnace - Google Patents

Description

* · · Ti * I

«T» t * ι »ι

· ■ I ti I

· F t e I I I

I I I I I I

14 ti M 1111

Patent attorneys Frankenfontsr Strasse «137 5,060 BergtsA Gladbach 3 Dipl.-Ing. Rudolf Koppatz

4θ48 Grevenbroich

Melting and casting furnace

The invention relates to a melting and casting furnace, consisting of a steel jacket as a supporting unit, an insulating layer and a refractory lining, a heating device, a charging opening and an emptying device.

Melting and casting furnaces of the type mentioned are known in great variety in the most varied of embodiments. There are tiltable melting and pouring furnaces that are tilted for emptying and pouring, fixed hearth

* 0 furnaces with tap hole for continuous pouring Casting belts, in continuous casting plants and so on, drum furnaces for melting down and casting, rocking furnaces for Melting down aluminum foils and the like. All known melting and / or casting furnaces have

* 'However, the disadvantage is that they are only available for very special Use cases are designed and usually cannot achieve a great melting performance.

<The invention is based on the object of a 30

Melting and casting furnace of the type mentioned at the beginning «Create that is more versatile in use and has a greater melting capacity.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the furnace is mounted in a pendulum manner and with pendulum movements can be acted upon that the furnace chamber with the help of a

■ 'mi IMi

continuous partition into two chambers, one heating. chamber and a flood chamber is divided that the

Heating means is located at one end of the heating chamber, that the partition driving in its lower loading in '<■ -._ 5 below the melt level lying loading f rich at least one passage opening for the

Melt and in its upper area, which is above the melt level during operation, is close to that of

the end remote from the heater

\ 10 has passage for the flue gases and that the flood chamber at the end remote from the flue gas passage with a flue gas outlet and a charging

t () opening is provided.

In the melting and casting furnace according to the invention, the melt experiences _{constant, very strong circulation due to the oscillation of the furnace body around its zero or normal lo 6} e, so that the material to be melted is always exposed to fresh melt.

Due to the good circulation of the melt, it is uniform and relatively high in all areas Temperature on, because the radiant heat of the furnace walls and the heating device from the weld pool better is recorded. In addition, the heat content of the flue gases is optimally used, as these are the two Oven chambers can flow through one after the other along their entire length.

Conventional furnace heaters can be used as the heating device will. A burner heater is expediently used, with its flame from the end of the heating chamber acted upon from the bath surface and at the same time also heated the furnace walls, with this heat the furnace walls is also taken up by the weld pool due to the swinging of the furnace.

• ·

till · · · ·

A preheating and flooding platform is preferably located in the flooding chamber immediately following the charging opening arranged on which the metal to be melted is given up. It is on this pedestal with help the flue gases are preheated, so that not only the melting down is facilitated and accelerated, but the flue gases can also be better utilized.

The oscillation amplitude of the furnace can optionally be adjustable. During the preheating process, the pendulum amplitude kept so small that the pedestal does not flood and the still relatively cold solid metal does not ^ enters the melt. Only when the solid metal is sufficiently preheated does the amplitude get that far enlarged so that the pedestal flooded and the preheated metal can be absorbed by the melt.

A flue gas pipe can be connected to the flue gas outlet, at least one section of which is exactly

20th

lies in the pendulum axis, this flue gas pipe section being designed as a rotary bearing of the furnace, around which the pendulum movement is carried out. Thanks to this construction, despite the commuting, it can be done without any major effort A good connection between the flue gas pipe and the C can be created in the suspension of the furnace.

A cleaning opening can be provided on the side of the heating chamber opposite the burner

_on , which is followed by a sloping floor. Both the preheating and flooding platform and the sloping floor adjacent to the cleaning opening can, in combination with the pendulum movement of the furnace, support the circulation of the melt, whereby the furnace surfaces that enter and emerge also contribute to the heating of the melt. The partition can be perpendicular, transverse or inclined to the pendulum axis

ι *

i *

4 *

be arranged. In any case, it should be so arranged be net that the flue gases first flow through the entire heating chamber, then through the end of the separation wall provided passage opening in the flood chamber ge long and then back through the entire flood chamber flow up to the flue gas outlet. This creates a re » relatively long exhaust gas path created in the furnace, so that the hot gases can be used well,

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the partition wall is substantially perpendicular to the Pendulum axle arranged, the passage opening through the partition wall directly at the foot of the Preheating and flood platforms are located. When the furnace oscillates, the melt builds up when the with the The side provided with the pedestal rises on this and enters the side through the partition wall Heating chamber. When the furnace is swiveled back, the melt accumulates in the area provided in the heating chimney Slope and flows back into the flood chamber.

In another advantageous embodiment the partition is arranged essentially parallel to the pendulum axis. When the stove pans it backs up

the melt on the partition and passes through the passage opening at a relatively high speed through. If the passage opening is arranged at an angle, a swirling effect can also be achieved can be achieved, which improves the mixing of the melt. Alternatively, in the partition but also two spaced apart passage openings can be provided, which with automatic and counter-rotating shut-offs

vtntilen are provided so that the melt at 35

Pendulum the furnace once through one opening and

• e · «· ro

• · · ι · ι

the other time it flows through the other opening. This causes the melt to circulate in a circular motion granted. If one valve is placed close to the floor and one higher, a flow can also occur from top to bottom and vice versa.

An overflow can be provided as an emptying device via which the furnace is emptied by tilting, which is known per se. Preferably lies while the tilt axis in the pendulum axis, so that the constructive device can be made relatively simple.

As a discharge means but also a comparatively ¹ ^ closable tap opening may be arranged in the bottom or in the lower region of the heating chamber. If necessary, various emptying devices can also be provided.

20th

In order to further improve the efficiency of the furnace, the pendulum frequencies can also be adjusted depending on Use case can be varied.

",. The invention is illustrated in the drawing for example ( ^λ and described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

Show it:

30th

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section

by a first embodiment of a furnace along the line I-I from Fig. 2,

35

- 10 -

'. ·' H Il I I Il

ί! ί! ιιι

·· Π · it Ii Il

I β I> I

I «« · · ι «ι ι ι

I «t · I I I >

MM HH t I *) | 111 »

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through

the furnace according to FIG. 1 along the line H-II,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through

another embodiment of a furnace along the line IH-III from Fig. 4 and

10

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through

the furnace according to FIG. 3 along () the line IV-IV.

In Fig. 1 and 2 of the drawing, an embodiment of a melting furnace 1 is shown, the Outer walls 2 made of a steel jacket as a load-bearing unit, an insulating layer and an inner one refractory brick lining. The furnace 1 is elongated and has at one end an oscillating axis 3 around which the whole? Oven is pivotable. The swivel takes place with Lifting cylinders 4, which attack the opposite end of the furnace.

The furnace space is divided into a heating chamber 6 and a flood chamber 7 with the aid of a partition 5. the Hot chamber 6 is heated with the aid of a burner 8. This sits in the end wall 9 »on the

Of)

Side of the pendulum axis 3 lies.

In its area above the melt level during operation, the partition wall has close to that Burner 8 opposite ilndwand 10 has a passage opening 11 for the burner gases. The Flütkamaier 7 is located near the pendulum axis 3 end face

- 11 -

It * * * tf -ί · · M

I * · 9 * »ti

licit *** ♦ · »« · 11 iiii

wall 9 provided with an exhaust pipe 12 to which an exhaust pipe 13 connects. This is bent outwards and its end section 14 is exactly in the pendulum axis 3 · The end section 14 is mounted in a self-aligning bearing 15 and serves together with a pin 16 provided on the opposite side, which is in a further self-aligning bearing 17 is mounted, as a holder for the furnace to the end portion 14 of the exhaust pipe can Connect a corresponding connection piece gas-tight without difficulty.

ν The exhaust gases from the burner 8 pass through the heating chamber

6 from one end to the other ₅ then pass through the passage opening 11 provided in the partition wall 5 and then flow through the entire length of the flood chamber 7 to the exhaust gas outlet 12.

A charging opening 18 opens into the flood chamber 7,

9Ω

^w which is arranged laterally close to the end wall 9 of the furnace. Immediately following the charging opening 18, a preheating and flooding platform 19 is arranged, which extends over the entire width of the

Flood chamber 7 extends and extends to the end wall 9.

25th
(The pedestal 19 is opposite the floor

the flood chamber 7 at a higher level, which is not affected by the in d ^. in furnace 1 existing melt is flushed over.

30th

The partition 5 is also in its lower, im

Operation provided the area lying above the melt level with a passage opening 20, which connects the heating chamber 6 with the flood chamber 7. The passage opening 20 goes out of the Flood chamber directly from the foot of the preheating and flood platform 19, so that the pivoting

- 12 -

of the furnace on the pedestal 19 can pass laterally into the heating chamber 6.

In the heating chamber 6 at the end remote from the burner 8 there is provided a ramp 21 which supports the passage of the melt from the heating chamber into the flood chamber.

In the end wall of the furnace opposite the end wall 9, cleaning openings 22 and 23 are provided * Further cleaning openings 24 and 25 are located in the side walls of the oven, in particular ν 'also serve to clean the passage opening 20.

Da.3 metal to be melted is introduced cyclically in continuous operation through the charging opening 18 into the flood chamber 7, where it initially remains on the preheating and flood platform 19. There it is preheated by the burner gases flowing past. The pendulum movements are kept so small during this preheating time that the melt in the furnace does not wash over the platform 19. Only when the molten material has a sufficiently high temperature, the swing amplitude is increased so r 25 so that the pedestal is rinsed from the melt and which receives the melt material. In order to facilitate the flooding of the pedestal 19, a flood channel 26 is provided on one side of the pedestal, which is more inclined with respect to the surface of the pedestal and thus dips below the melt surface when the pendulum movements increase. After the platform has been rinsed free, the pendulum amplitude is reduced again and it can be charged again. Instead of the charging opening, a filling chute can also be provided so that the solid metal slips by itself after the lower preheated metal has melted,

- 13 -

Ii · «i u» ·· «·

4 «Φ φ Φ l · · Φ

I I I I Φ · <· «I« «I I« 1161

D§r the entire process can take place according to a predetermined program control, so that the furnace work can be optimally matched to each individual application.

To further utilize the exhaust gas energy, the burner air can be interposed in the Drawing not shown on or mounted on the furnace recuperator are preheated.

10

An emptying overflow from the heating chamber 6 is used to remove the finished melt (^ 27, over which the melt is produced by tilting the furnace

can be taken. The pendulum axis 3 serves as the tilt axis, so that the pouring can be carried out far Ate drive the cylinder 4 can be made.

In addition, in the bottom of the heating chamber 6 or in the lower side area of the heating chamber a lockable Tap opening 28 may be provided so that the melt is below the melt level can be deducted, which is done without tilting the furnace.

j j j 25 _n Figure 3 and 4 _S i to another exemplary embodiment eilües melting and casting furnace 30 t. This is constructed similarly to the furnace 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that only the different features need be described. 30th

The furnace 30 is also pivotably mounted about a pendulum axis 31, again with an end section 32 of the exhaust pipe 33 serves as a bearing pin which is seated in a self-aligning bearing 34. The burner 35 is in the jacket wall 36 of the furnace is arranged.

- 14 -

1 14

I 1, however, is in this embodiment

! Partition 37 is cool parallel to the pendulum axis 31.

? orderly. On the long flow path of the burner

y gases nothing changes, because these pass through

ί 5 again run the entire length of the heating

I chamber 38, then enter through the one in the partition

1 37 provided passage opening 39 and flow through

ί the flood chamber 40 in the direction of the furnace wall 36

f back, where it connects the furnace 30 via the exhaust pipe 33

I let 10. Located on the side of the exhaust outlet 41

In turn, the raised preheating and flood platform

I 42, through a charging opening on the side

I '' 'the metal to be melted down can be entered.

I ^ When the furnace oscillates, the melt accumulates on ^p the partition, which is parallel to the axis of the oscillation

I and flows through a passage opening 44 into the

^% adjacent chamber 38 or 40 respectively.

i opening 44 runs diagonally through the separating

i ^ wall 37, so that the melt flows diagonally into the respective chamber as it oscillates and is good

is swirled.

In a not shown in the drawing off '') for guidance, in which the partition wall also

ί is arranged parallel to the pendulum axis, are two

; at a distance from each other through openings

\ nungen provided, these with automatic

ί and shut-off valves working in opposite directions

3Q

are sewn, so that the melt when the

Oven flows once through one opening and the other time through the other opening, creating a very good circulation effect is achieved.

35

In addition, a large number of other embodiments are possible, which are based on the same or a

- 15 -

'S

I (I (' t

similar principle work. All embodiments have in common that a high melting rate is achieved can be. Due to the strong circulation, a very even bath temperature can be achieved, whereby the melting down and distribution of the preheated melt material is facilitated. Because of the overall design can be operated with a relatively low furnace temperature, so that additional Energy can be saved and the furnace load can be reduced.

- 16 -

* * t I ι ιϊ ti t

111 I I t I

Il I Il ·>

I ' IIII ti

Claims (15)

* · Fe n * ■ Dipl.-Ing. W. Dahlke October 20, 1982 Dipl, Ing. H,]. LJpP · * L / Sch Patent Attorney «frankenfonter StraB · 137 Berglsdi GtedbaA 3 Dipl.-Ing. Rudolf Koppatz 4048 Grevenbroich ranäprüche 1. Melting and casting furnace, consisting of a Stak.1 jacket as a load-bearing unit, an insulating layer and a refractory lining, a heating ) direction, a charging opening and an emptying device, characterized in that the furnace (1; 30) is mounted in a pendulum manner and can be acted upon by pendulum movements, that the furnace space is divided into two chambers with the aid of a continuous partition (5; 37), a heating chamber (6; 38) and a flood chamber (7; 40), subdivided, that the heating device (8; 35) is arranged at one end of the heating chamber (6; 38), that the partition (5; 37) in its lower, la operation below at least one passage opening (20; 44) of the area lying on the melt level , - 25 for the melt and in its upper part, in operation * Area above the melt level near the end remote from the heating device, a passage (11; 39) for the smoke has gases and that the flood chamber (7} 40) r 3 ° from the flue gas passage (11; 39) remote The end is provided with a flue gas outlet (12; 41) and a charging opening (18; 43). 2, melting and casting furnace according to claim 1, since "" characterized by that the heating device is designed as a burner (8; 35). IfIt M 11 · · · · · Il Il It «· ι ·. > ι it I (· · ■ I Il I t · · «Still I ι t · a ι ι; I. 1 I I I 1 I ■ O · · · SC II ItIf 3. Melting and casting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the flood chamber (7; 40) immediately afterwards a Vorwänn- and flood platform (19; 42) is arranged on the charging opening (18; 43). 4. melting and casting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the pendulum amplitude of the furnace is optionally adjustable. O 5. Melting and casting furnace according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flue gas outlet (12; 41) ^ a Rauchgaprohr (13; 33) connects, of which at least a portion (14; 32) exactly in the Pendulum axis lies and that this flue gas pipe section is designed as a pivot bearing of the furnace around which the pendulum motion is performed. 20th 6. melting and casting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that on the side of the heating chamber (6; 38) opposite the heating device (8; 35), λ a cleaning opening (22) is provided, to which a bottom slope (21) is connected. 7. Melting and casting furnace according to one of Claims ₀ 1 to 6, characterized in that the partition (5) is arranged essentially perpendicular to the pendulum axis (3). 8. melting and casting furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that the passage opening (20) through the partition (5) is located directly at the foot of the preheating and flood platform (19). «A it * * a it ι j i · · · · it I I t t I * * 1 Il I · · · «I i it t I # * ■! << llll · ♦ * 41 t < 9. Melting and pouring dryer according to one of the claims | 1 to 6, marked thereby- 1 net that the partition (57) essentially § is arranged parallel to the pendulum axis (31). 10. Melting and casting furnace according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that that in the partition (5; 37) provided through opening (20; 44) for the Melt is arranged obliquely. 11. melting and casting furnace according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that in the partition (37) two spaced-apart passage openings are provided And that the through-openings have automatic and counter-rotating shut-off valves can be seen, so that the melt when the. Oven once through one opening and the an-20 which time flows through the other opening. | 12. Melting and casting furnace according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized by-2 <net, that an overflow (27) is provided as a discharge device. 13. melting and casting furnace according to claim 12, characterized in that 3Q the pendulum axis (3) is the same as the tilt axis, around which the oven (1) is tilted for emptying. 14. Melting and casting furnace according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that a closable tap opening (28) in the bottom or arranged in the lower area of the heating chamber (6) ^is - 4 - 15. Melting ^ and casting furnace according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that different Pendel.frequenzen can be set are.