DE7536994U - STAIRWAY - Google Patents

Description

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PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN '

71 HEILBRONN. POST BOX 3525, CABLE: PATU, TEL. (07131) 82828

Molikestraße 6 (Deutsche Bank building), parking: Harmonlo underground car park Deutsche Bank Hellbronn: 364364 Handelsbank Heilbronn: 23080 5 Kreissparkasse Hellbronn: 7001 6 Postscheck Stuttgart: 43016-704

Utility model application B 9 · 22 D 104

November 13, 1975 / 1S

- Applicant: Mr.

Erich Zimmermann

D-71 Heilbronn -Böckingen

Welschstrasse 15

■ Name ;: stairs

Description:

The invention relates to a staircase with at least one self-supporting. Spar made of angled to one another, vertical and horizontal support elements which step plates are placed.

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Such stairs with zigzag stiles or cheeks are designed in many forms. E.g. individual rectangular tube sections are mitred and welded together. It is also known to make the individual pieces adjustable. They consist of a large number of parts. Since in such self-supporting stiles, considerable forces occur »especially with storey-high stairs and one strives to have similarly structured To use components at all stages, the respective connections must be designed so that they are able to transfer even the highest loads without any problems. Therefore the previously known constructions with their variously designed adjustment elements

/and

ments. extremely thick-walled with many stiffeners and the like. This makes the individual element very heavy. The multitude the heavy elements lead to an increase in their own weight and thus to greater forces. A A slight, appealing image of the staircase construction is difficult or difficult to achieve. The supporting structure and, above all, the adjustment elements and stiffeners mostly appear unfavorable. The costs of these well-known elements are due to the cost of materials., the numerous mostly manual operations and / or the large number of parts are extraordinary lioch.

The invention is intended primarily to provide the aforementioned

/and '
Disadvantages avoided the advantages listed below are achieved, whereby advantages of known constructions should not be given up, but rather should be combined with one another as far as possible. The invention is based on the object

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the spar elements of a self-supporting one to be prefabricated Assembly stairs to make little appearance and them

To give a high load-bearing capacity with low material consumption and low wall thicknesses.

The stairs or their stile elements are characterized by their horizontal dimensions, corresponding to the step size (step depth) Rectangular tube sections, a downwardly open internally threaded sleeve in the front part of each hori- ■ zontal rectangular tube section, vertical round connecting rods each with an external thread on the upper ' End for screwing into the sleeve of the rectangular tube section above, external thread on the lower End of each round connecting rod, by means of which the connecting rod in the rear end of the respective horizontal rectangular tube section is screwed, the external thread in an internal thread in the upper Wall of the horizontal rectangular tube section is screwed and the connecting rod to the lower Wall of the horizontal rectangular tube section is welded.

It is known to screw connecting rods into sleeves in stairs. Characterized in that the threaded sleeve is, however, arranged in the interior of a rectangular tube section, very use läßt'sich well and easily even at low wall thickness without the risk of denting the neighboring areas and chteckrohrabschnitt with R _e connect so that it does not appear. By screwing the round connecting rod with its lower end into the upper wall of the rectangular tube section below, a form-fitting connection is also established here, which ensures a large-area power transmission and that

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Prevents water from entering the connection. Through the joint use of thread and welded connection at the lower end of the connecting rod found a solution that is very simple in terms of production technology and particularly fortunate in terms of strength allows to use relatively small and thin-walled rectangular tube sections that have a good bearing surface for the step plates. Viewed from the outside, the spars consist only of the rectangular tube sections and cylindrical connecting bolts in between, which allows favorable architectural design options. Due to the rotary connection via the thread, it is possible to use the individual spar parts in any desired Set angles to each other, which is especially important for spiral staircases or parts of spiral staircases Strut support could otherwise require precisely cut and welded parts or costly, in the power transmission and sealing against water ingress required complicated individual parts. Through the Using a thread known per se on the bolt, the slope of the step can now also be achieved with a light spar construction can be individually adjusted to the needs of the building, so that the unavoidable tolerances in the actual size of the storey height can be easily compensated for. The sweat and Screw connections on the irysich quite stiff individual elements lead to a particularly stable and low-vibration system with relatively small dimensions of the individual parts Construction.

Even if the lower wall of the respective rear end of the horizontal rectangular tube section has an internal thread has, in which the vertical connecting rod

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screwed in and in which it is then welded, so you can without significant additional mechanical engineering effort with large-area power transmission get by with a smaller weld and thus slightly grind the welded end face to achieve a to achieve a smooth undersurface. Nevertheless, the full cross-section of the relatively thin-walled one certainly carries Rectangular tube section, so that favorable power transmission takes place.

An effort is made not to see any thread on the finished staircase _{3 in} order not to disturb the simple shape on the one hand and, above all, on the other hand, not to get stuck with the cleaning device on the thread during cleaning work. Therefore, with this staircase, too, the internal thread of the sleeve located in the front end of the horizontal rectangular tube section can only be led to a shoulder which is at a certain distance from the lower end of the sleeve, for example 1 cm, and whose internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of the

fin

Thread and the length of which corresponds to the tolerance compensation provided for each step. The external thread of the vertical connecting rod is then provided corresponding to the entire thread length of the sleeve. So one has with good possibilities for tolerance compensation nevertheless a very good load-bearing behavior. That can be improved when the internal thread of the sleeve reaches the upper wall of the horizontal rectangular tube section or an undercut located directly on this wall is performed for thread production. It will then the entire possible length of the threaded sleeve is used either for carrying or for tolerance compensation.

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Movements in the thread and the resulting noises when walking on the stairs and sideways evasive action or unwanted twisting of the spar elements against each other is usually done with counter screws or counter nuts. Such a counter- screw can easily be used in the invention when the upper end of the vertical connecting rod has an internally threaded hole in which the on the upper Viand of the horizontal rectangle pipe section. tes supporting counter screw is screwed in. In order to

p for the counter but there is no recess in the step

plate is required and the advantageous closed

^& Surface of the stiles according to the invention also by countering

is not impaired, the counter screw can a Have countersunk head. A corresponding counterbore is then made in the surface of the horizontal rectangular tube section intended.

The sleeve in the rectangular tube section can be designed and fastened in many ways. It is important that it is connected to the rectangular tube over the largest possible area. For this purpose, it can advantageously be welded all around to the lower wall of the horizontal rectangular tube section. As should be avoided if possible, a puncture s of the upper surface, it may be sufficient ^{-they accessible to the open end optionally to weld the side walls only in the front area of the top wall and, as the Beulgefahr is not so large here.

You avoid welding work on the parts if you use the rectangular tube sections that are open at the front and are only cut off closes with the plastic caps known from table legs.

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The stairs according to the invention and their stile elements are intended in particular for so-called 2-stile stairs. Two spars run at a distance from one another, the steps with their lateral end areas being placed on the spars. Such stairs can be made straight or wholly or partially coiled. The inner spar can also be twisted so strongly that you get almost a spiral staircase. However, it is also possible to dispense the inner spar and gradually provide a central spindle and ^he only support the outer ends <3- on a spar made of elements of this invention. Then it is possible to use thin tread plates that are not subjected to torsion. If you have two spars that are at a distance from each other, high lateral forces can occur, which are no longer absorbed by the screw connections alone, especially during long runs or with strong turns or other unfavorable loads. With those stairs in which the steps are not to be designed as load-bearing parts of the entire staircase for reasons of material or manufacture and in which no transverse forces can or should be absorbed, it is occasionally necessary to prevent the stiles from giving way to the side. This can be done particularly easily with the construction according to the invention,

if under at least individual step plates connecting

bars between the horizontal Reehteekrohrabsennitten both spars are provided. These horizontal connecting rods can be adjusted depending on the static conditions and provide for the load. However, you could also use them under Any level or a larger one Provide number of levels if the level is low and great slope for each step, the distance between the openings

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between the steps is so great that the safety measures, which at the opening., through the children their head can get stuck, be put, would be exceeded. The horizontal connecting rods can be used as in the Dimensions of the horizontal rectangular tube sections corresponding to rectangular tubes. ""

On the one hand, the connecting rods prevent the spars from dodging sideways. On the other hand, however, one can often considerable forces of a spar f ~ _s to the other passing over and thus arrive at a spatial support structure. In many cases, however, it can be used regardless of whether horizontal connections are provided

are or not, may be required, individual spar areas to support. For this purpose, supports are provided on load-bearing elements of the structure. These can vary depending on the Loads can be standing supports or suspended fasteners. In particular, however, you can use Recessed walls in the horizontal dimensions Provide appropriate wall anchors for right-anchors. These can preferably be in the extension of the horizontally running connecting rod or a ^

be formed in pieces with these. {

In the case of an entirely self-supporting roof structure it is enough to simply glue on the step plates. However, if you want to use horizontal connecting rods entirely or In some cases, you can do without the step plates with the horizontal rectangular tube sections connect, for example by robbing, pinning or other conclusive or possibly frictional connection.

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Because of the high forces that occur, the rectangular pipe sections and the vertical connecting rods are suitably made of steel. To get the desired To enable angles between the individual spar elements or the parallel alignment and still To be able to set any required pitch, you can see the thread at least for the screwing in to be provided during assembly as a fine thread. because the bolts according to the invention with

/ The vertical rectangular tube sections are firmly connected to the rear. Voi / all there are fine threads with about 1.5 mm Incline into consideration.

Further details, features and advantages of the Invention emerge from the following; based part of the description given in the drawings.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

Show it:

Prop. 1 is an oblique view of a 2-rail staircase

Pig-2 shows the front view of three steps from a straight run;

Pig. 3 shows the side view of the three stages of a straight run, in particular according to FIGS. 2 and

Prop. 4- the vertical cut through the overlapping Ends of two horizontal rectangular pipe sections, which are connected by a connecting rod.

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1 I ι 1 IHI 1 I.

t fit

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The spiral staircase 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a 2-spar staircase, which consists of the two spars 11 and as well as the tread plates 13. She will be sent to the

. /not

provided in walls or the like covered portions in commonly _w ith railing, which is not shown.

As illustrated in particular in FIG. 4, each spar consists of horizontal rectangular tube sections 14 and 14 vertical round connecting rods 15, which are made here for example from solid material. the Rectangular tube sections 14 have a square profile with a relatively small wall thickness w. Your Sbirnseiten 16 are simply cut off and in finished state closed with cover caps 17 made of plastic. As best seen in Fig. 3, overlap each two horizontal rectangular tube sections 14 in the overlap area U, so that the connecting bolt is in each case between the front end V of the rectangular tube section located above 14 and the rear end H of each underlying rectangular tube section 14 is provided is. The same applies to the arrangement of the spiral staircase according to FIG. 1, with some Places is clearly visible.

In the front end V of each right eckrohrab section 14, a sleeve 20 is inserted. It reaches below that upper wall 21 of the rectangular tube section 14 and is through a bore 22 of the lower wall 23 of the rectangular tube section 14 introduced and welded here from below all around by the weld 24, which was then sanded. The sleeve 20 has a

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Internal thread 25, which extends to the upper wall 21, H but in the lower area only up to a paragraph 26. S:

Whose internal diameter is - as can be seen from Figure 4 -. ^R r slightly larger than the outer diameter of the connecting bolt provided on the external thread 15, the length L is 27, the paragraph, for example, about 1 cm. The thread 25/27 is preferably a single thread. It can / for example have a pitch of 1.5 mm. The length BL of the thread 27 provided on the upper end of the connecting bolt 15 corresponds approximately exactly to the diaper length of the sleeve 20, so that the bolt can be screwed in completely or almost completely up to the upper wall 21. It can be unscrewed down to length L | without the thread becoming visible and disturbing. |

Since the threaded sleeve 20 is inserted into the tube 14 from below |

and the upper wall 21 in this embodiment f.

example is not perforated, the sleeve in the upper section is:

Area only on the area accessible from the end face 16 |]

Area with a weld seam 30 'welded on. You can |

also be welded to the side walls. Man J can also use a sleeve closed at the top and weld this into a through hole in the tube 14, -ν if a connection is required on the whole perimeter

is. I.

In the upper end of the here preferably as a full J

Material shown connecting bolt 15 is a |

Internally threaded bore 32 of sufficient length introduced. I.

The counter screw 33 is screwed into this. This

has a countersunk head 34, which is located in the countersunk hole 35 < the top wall 21 of the front end V of the rectangular

pipe section 14 is supported. The screw 33 is seated;

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in the center of the round connecting bolt 15. It expediently has a hexagon socket ^ around the counter screw to be able to tighten very tightly.

The lower end of the connecting bolt 15 is provided with an external thread 40, which is also a fine thread should be. The rear area H of the rectangular tube section 14 is threaded with a through hole 41, into which the connecting bolt is screwed up to the end 42 of the thread 40. There-

| - through comes a conclusive: connection between upper wall 21 and lower wall 23 of the rectangular tube section 14 and the connecting bolt 15. In addition, the connecting bolt 15 is on the. entire Perimeter connected to the lower wall by a weld 43. The weld and the end face 44 of the Connecting bolts 15 are smoothly ground, so that the round connecting bolt 15 from below does not appears. This means that there is a high level of power transmission without denting, even if the wall thickness of the rectangular tube is low 14 permissible, very easy to establish connection created. If necessary, the lower end does not need to be screwed in, so that you only have one short thread for the top wall 21 is required. Rectangular tube section 14, connecting bolt 15 and threaded sleeve 20 are made of steel. The length of each rectangular tube section 14 corresponds to the respective tread

/or. the level depth ST measured AM level 13 »at the respective support center, so that the step, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, protrudes slightly beyond the front end V. and at the rear preferably extends to the connecting bolt. So have to be accordingly for spiral stairs

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Rectangular tube sections of different lengths manufactured and with the holes, threads or sleeves on the respective Ends are provided. The bore or the sleeve are clearly located at a short distance from the end faces Ends 16 so that they can be connected to the rectangular tube section not only on one side, but over a large area and clean and easy-to-make connections are created, which the use of thin-walled rectangular tubes allow. If you want the same or only a small number of horizontal rectangular tube sections of different lengths use, you can also, as is known per se, use telescopic tubes. Then however will stable connecting elements required to enable a rigid construction.

The individual stiles of a staircase are in the respective floor and under the pedestal or ceiling with the help corresponding bolt similar to the connecting bolt 15 rigidly attached. The stages, which can be made of any material other than the stage itself and their single burden needs to be borne only on the horizontal rectangular tube sections 1 * 1 placed and can be glued to these to prevent them from sliding and falling. You do not need to participate in the load-bearing behavior of the stairs. So one strives to use the spars or at least the two spars to set up existing constructions in a single load-bearing manner. Then you can use simple boards as a construction staircase and later, when the other construction work has been completed, steps with a high-quality surface raise. However, you can also use the vertical steps to create a load-bearing bond Connect rectangular pipe sections. Then you can too

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serve to place the "two spars of a 2-HoIm staircase against each other to stiffen, so that they do not give way to the side, especially in the case of turns.

However, if you do not want such stiffening by the steps, it may be necessary or useful in certain cases to connect the two spars or a spindle and a spar to one another. But shows! "" Ig. 1 a horizontal connecting rod 50 ₅ which, as also shown in FIG. 2, is arranged between the two spars 11 and 12. It has the same dimensions as the horizontal rectangular tube sections and is welded between them as a spacer. Such horizontal connecting rods can be provided under individual steps at correspondingly loaded points. Such pieces of pipe or other pieces of material placed under the step, either made of the same material as the step or made of steel as the stiles, can also be used to make the free openings between the steps smaller so that a child does not stick his head through it can fall down.

Heavily spiraled stairs as shown in FIG and stairs with long straight runs if you don't want to make the stile construction unnecessarily difficult require individual supports. FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate how wall anchors 51 can be provided. This is expediently placed on the side of the horizontal rectangular tube sections. As provided in the drawings, they can be an extension of the horizontal connecting rods 50. You become a certain piece

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OA

let into the wall 52 and in this accordingly attached, whereby size, embedment depth and type of attachment according to the building material and the load-bearing capacity of the wall 52. The wall anchor shown at 51 in Fig. 1 extends in the same direction as the horizontal cross connection 50. However, one can also like at 51 a in Fig. 1 a horizontal rectangular tube section 14 a extended when it is perpendicular to the wall and close to the wall, and with let one end of it in the wall. Numerous other support options through suspensions or supports downwards are given, which makes it possible to also use relatively light spar elements use.

Fig. 1 shows a very strongly spiraled staircase. In In many cases, you will also want to provide a spiral staircase, the steps of which are on the one hand at a central one Spindle column are supported. At the outer end you can then provide Hoimelemente according to the invention = ■ This makes it possible to use step plates that are not subject to torsion. Even with those Stairs with a spindle and an external spar according to the invention can have cross connections from the spindle to the spar provided that it makes sense to do so.

The bars are joined in the following way. The lower ends of the vertical connecting rods 15 are ^{fastened in the factory in the horizontal rectangular tube section e} 14. After the actual dimensions have been determined

^ö / like the storey height or the other / decisive dimension, the slope is determined. The individual spar elements are then screwed on the sleeve in the Jev / eils upper rectangular tube section on the protruding from below

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The threaded pin of the connecting rod 15 is not connected to it. It is screwed in until the desired dimension is reached. The horizontal rectangular tube sections according to the staircase shape are \

2-ueinande.r aligned. Then the counter screw 33 i is inserted and tightened. Otherwise the \

Stair assembly in the usual way.

7536994 05/06/76

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HEILBRONN ₁ POST BOX 3525, CABLE: PATU ₁ TEL. (07131) 82828

Mollkestrasse 6 (Deutsche Bank building), parking: Harmonie underground car park

Deutsche Bank Hellbronn: 364364 Handelsbank Hellbronn: 23080 5 Kreissparkasse Hellbronn: 7001 6 Postscheck Stuttgart: 43016-704

E. Zimmermann, D-71 Heilbronn ^ BÖckingen B 9. 2 D

November 14, 1975 / lC

List of reference symbols

10 stairway 11th Spar 12th Spar 13th Step plate / step 14th Rectangular tube section 14a Rectangular tube section 15th Connecting rod / connecting bolt 16 Front side 17th Cover cap 20th Sleeve / internally threaded sleeve 21 - upper wall of the rectangular tube 22nd Internal threaded hole 23 lower wall 24 Weld 25th inner thread 26th paragraph 27 External thread 30th Weld 32 Internal thread hole 33 Counter screw 34 Countersunk head 35 Counterbore 40 External thread 41 Internal thread / through-tapped hole 42 end 43 Weld seam 44 Front side 50 Connection s t from / cross connection 51 Wall anchor 51a Wall anchor

52 wall

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in the «« * <

III · · · ·

AM step size

BL length - bolt thread

H rear part (end)

L length - paragraph

U area of overlap

V front part (end)

V / wall thickness.

ST step depth

Claims (1)

j PATENT Attorney DiPL.-INS. GERD UTERMANN f / ■ 71 HEiLBRONN. PO Box 3525. CABLE: PATU. TEL. C07131) 82828 "'■} <. MoltScestrsBe 6 (Deutsche Bank House). P »rkeiu underground car park Harmonie ^ J Deutsche Bank Hellbronn: 364364 Handelsbank Hellbronn: 23080 S Kreissparkasse Hellbronn: 7001 6 Postscheck Stuttgart: 43016-704 Utility model application ■ B 9. 22 D 104 November 13, 1975 / IC Applicant: Mr. Erich Zimmermann D-71 Heilbronn -Böckingen
Welschstrasse 15 Name: stairs Expectations: 1. Stairs with at least one self-supporting spar from down vertical and horizontal support elements arranged at an angle to each other, on which step plates are placed, marked by horizontal3 rectangular tube sections (I ¹ O, a downwardly open internally threaded sleeve (20) in the front part (V) of each horizontal rectangular tube section (14), vertical round connecting rods (15) each with an external thread (27) at the upper end for screwing into the sleeve (20) of the rectangular tube section (14) above, External thread (40) at the lower end of each round connecting rod (15) 3 by means of which the connecting rod (15) in 1 the rear end (H) of the respective horizontal rectangle | pipe section (14) is screwed in, f wherein the external thread (40) in an internal thread (4l) in the J upper wall (21) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (l4) j is screwed in and the connecting rod (15) a.n the lower wall (23) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (14) is welded. ./2 7536994 05/06/76 B 9.2 D 104 11/13/75 / 1c 2. Staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that that also the lower wall (23) of the respective hind end (H) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (14) has an internal thread into which the vertical connecting rod (15) is screwed and is welded (43) therein. 3. Staircase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internal thread (25) the one in the front end (V) of the horizontal rectangular tube. section (14) located sleeve (20) up to one Paragraph (26) is performed, the inner diameter of which is greater than the outer diameter of the thread (25/27) and whose length (L) corresponds to the intended tolerance compensation and the external thread (27) of the vertical connecting rod (15) corresponds in length (BL) to the thread length of the sleeve (20). 4. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal thread (25) of the sleeve (20) up to the upper Wall (21) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (14) or an undercut directly on this is led. 5. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the upper end of the vertical connecting rod (15) has an internally threaded bore (32) into which a screwed on the upper wall (21) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (l4) supporting counter screw (33) is. ./3 7536994 05/06/76 B 9.2 D 104 11/13/75 / lC UM II «« 6. Staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that the counter screw (33) has a countersunk head (3 * 0 and a corresponding countersunk hole (35) in the surface (21) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (I ¹ O is provided. 7. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the sleeve (20) is welded all around to the lower wall (23) of the horizontal rectangular tube section (14) (24) and in the one accessible from the open end Part (30) is welded to the upper rectangular tube wall (21). 8. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the end face (16) open, only cut off rectangular tube sections (l4) with cover caps (17) Plastic are sealed. 9- stairs according to one or more of the preceding claims claims . u a d u know you that under at least individual step plates (13) connecting rods (50) between the horizontal rectangular tube from sections of both spars (11, 12) are provided. ' 10. Staircase according to claim S ₃ characterized in that the horizontal connections rods (50) are designed as rectangular tubes corresponding to the dimensions of the horizontal rectangular tube sections (14). 11. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims ,, characterized in that supports to be carried on individual spar areas Elements of the structure are provided. 7536994 05/06/76 B 9 2 D 104
11/13/75 / lC 12. Staircase according to claim 11, characterized in that that the supports are embedded in the wall (52), in the dimensions of the horizontal rectangular tube sections (l4) corresponding wall anchors (51 »51a) are formed. 13 · Staircase according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that that the wall anchors (51) in the extension of the horizontal connecting rods (50) lie or are formed in one piece with these. 14. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step plates (13) are glued on. 15. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that at least some of the step plates (13) are connected to the horizontal rectangular tube sections (14) in a shear-proof manner are. 16. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rectangular tube sections (14) and the vertical Connecting rods (15) consist of steel. 17. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims _3, characterized in that the threads (25/27; HO) are fine threads with preferably about 1 ₃ 5 mm pitch. 7536994 05/06/76