DE752923C - Freezer - Google Patents

Description

Freezing device The invention relates to a freezing device " especially for quick freezing food and luxury foods, loosely layered oller in packs in which rapidly moving deep-frozen air acts more than on the goods K: iltetr: iger in a common room for warmth and donation n in. # e% v- is used in combination with one another for freezing Air exchangers and non-accessible ones. \ nfnalimer: iume for that to be frozen (well @titlt: ilt.

Hei a known device of this kind -, ind in your common Room retort- 'mh # r tunnel-like long channels with built-in roller conveyor for frozen food boxes Arranged next to and one above the other in a closed block. Every tunnel has at each end a loading or unloading lock, which is either from the Wall protrudes or lies against the wall of the room. Your tunnel block is behind a curved partition wall the refrigeration system with a tube cooler, and The fan closes on the partition wall to extract the cold air from the tube cooler and u forwarding them to the intlcertuigsseite of the tunnel block.

Enclose the locks (read the end of the tunnel like a sleeve, Lind is a tunnel then open. if its two locks from the room wall stand back. In this position, the cold air is drawn into the tunnel at the discharge end blown in and sucked off again at the end of the loading. Each lock contains the opposite one Room wall a nozzle with a cover. Are both locks of a tunnel on If the associated room wall is used, the air inlet and outlet are blocked and you can open the lid to take out boxes at one end of the tunnel and at the other end to push in newly shipped boxes.

In addition to having a complicated structure, the device has the disadvantage of very unfavorable design for the air circulation. The pressure port of the blower opens into a large prismatic room unilaterally so that the re-cooled air immediately begins its path with strong whirling movements. Furthermore, it must be semi-continuous be worked, because by a simultaneous loading and unloading of the whole Tunnel blocks a loss of time of unacceptable size would occur. One dispatches and therefore empties the tunnels individually. As a result, are permanent with a part the tunnel both locks are drawn to their room wall: the air can therefore never flow unrestrained along the front and rear of the tunnel block, but rather always encounters obstacles on the side at different points distract and create harmful eddies.

Under these circumstances one can only work with very low air velocities work, resulting in too long freezing time. A quick freeze but it is necessary to get along with little space, but then also in order to avoid undesirable changes in the frozen food (bursting of the "cells"). This serious disadvantage can only be reduced to a minor extent (precisely by lowering compensate for the air temperature, especially in the case of the known device little because the air cooling room also contains the refrigeration system and its output so it is bound by very narrow limits.

Another known freezer corresponds to 1t11 overall structure largely the one just explained. but without the arrangement of the refrigeration system in the Luftküblrautn. The freezer compartment also has a title-like channel, but a cooling tube frame modeled on a board frame. lin freezer, a lower part of the Gesatntrautnes, separated by an angular wall.: inc1 zigzag running cooling tubes finite one sufficient for the passage of air - \ ll.tand so next to each other angeor @ hict. (1a13 the horizontal pipe runs as a proppant for bowls l) which contain (the frozen food.

The air cooling space above the freezer is a large one Tubular air cooler almost completely filled, which appears to be useful. Against it is (read the blower or the fan built into the vertical part of the angled tread wall and opens 1t11 freezer compartment right in front of the cooling tube rack, so it drives the air in a strongly swirling state along the frozen food. The air speed was about 2.5 m / sec. It becomes higher than that in the freezer described first The maximum speed possible, but it can be because of this device too unfavorable air circulation conditions for the purpose of increasing the performance to be increased more.

Although an air temperature of -a5 ° is used, this is known device, in any case, unsuitable for greater performance, since the space required is too big and also the operation of the device in the case of the front wall of the housing one flap per frozen food tray for inserting and removing each one Shell is provided, is not satisfied in terms of simplicity.

According to the invention, the shortcomings of the known are to be avoided, namely by combining one of several, from a liquid refrigerant, z. B. brine, or a cold liquid, z. B. ä-.inmoniak, traversed, parallel and flat pockets of a composite heat exchanger arranged closely next to or on top of one another with a specialized fixed or removable support means for (read Gut having freezer room, the connection of both rooms for the upper step of the Air from your heat exchanger in the freezer in one compared to the The freezer compartment is narrow and completely free from the installation test.

The basic idea of the invention is to use cold air for the duration of its useful effect, i.e. when it releases heat into the static and when it is heated into the freezer, as well as its upper step from the bed into the other lZautn heninnin-sfreie way shadow ztt, by the smoothly STI # iiinun the I_tift; without harmful: #n can EDUCATION liindurchtliel.9 (This Beditt-un- is hühl- in the known 1111 ((for (Wirbell). Rwerl: e vom l-: rtiti (ler especially tlurchgebild (#ten Wä rmeattstaticrn from elmnrn hältlttt: clien. between which the air in t @ c »-In gets tlntlnln left through, fulfilled. The provided in the freezer Expertly designed supports for the goods lean, as far as possible, with their shape and arrangement on the cooler bags, and the regulation given for the point where the cold air comes in is intended to ensure that the beneficial effect of the inside both rooms created airways nic ht can be affected.

With the essentially smooth flow of effective air throughout becomes a large source of heat for the entire freezer - both from the air to the coolant as well as from the material to the air, thus a superior advantage Basis for (read quick freezing won. Another important advantage of the The almost inevitable guidance of the air consists in the possibility of a significant Increase in air speed. Their order of magnitude is 10 m / sec and above, d. H. the lowest air speed is about 3 to 4 times that for batches working freezers normal speeds.

: \ us of the increased heat transfer coefficient and the strong ability to increase the air speed results as the technical Progress a considerable reduction in the freezing time. About a third of the under Otherwise the necessary freezing time will be saved. From it This is followed by a valuable increase in the quality performance and at the same time an increase in the volume output, for the timely and re.tlO.e recording of those to be kept fresh by freezing Foodstuffs and semi-luxury items are often used according to their occurrence, harvest, catch, etc., especially is essential.

\ hinche types of goods are advantageously unpacked in loose stacks or the like. like frozen, while (1 other types of goods do not allow this, but- (learn in and tightly packed packages need to be frozen. The subject of the 1? Rtin (Inn " is suitable for the treatment of both types of goods and is easy to use with its design be adapted to the most diverse requirements.

(n (leg drawing are several exemplary embodiments through sections illustrated in simple lines. It shows t a freezer lying down . \ illlr (lntln: r finitely several encased U: ichern ini Frozen women, I # ig. .a hurried device lying arrangement zero-finite a fanless freezer compartment.

I # '3 3 a device standing: \ ilordlnnlg nl with several material receiving departments, 1 # i ".4 the @ ell> e I3auforin in lie; geiider .- \ iiordnung, Fig. 5 a device with a multitude of covered compartments.

In all examples, this is the air circulation fan (Fan) provided at one end of the device. If local conditions allow it request, the fan can be arranged differently.

The outer housing i has an inner heat protection jacket 2 or instead bz% v. at the same time an outer heat protection dress. According to FIG. I, i-2 is in the housing at one end an air cooling space with one of, for example, horizontally one above the other Cooling bags 3 composite heat exchanger provided to which the separate Freezer or good compartment 4. connects. Both rooms are on the same axis and are closed at the top and bottom by a boundary or guide wall 5 'and 5 ", which are bent inwards at the end of the freezer compartment. Through the narrowed opening The blower 7, driven by a motor 6, sucks the air out of the material space 4, in order to drive them back to the heat exchanger 3 on the outside of the walls 5 ', 5 ".

In the interior of the freezer compartment 4 there are less covered compartments 8 indicated, which correspond to the shape and arrangement of the cooling bags 3, so that at both heat exchange points the air flows in the form of thin, broad bands. At the transition point from the air cooling space to the freezing space is a compared to the freezing space narrow space completely free of built-in components. In a or both housing walls parallel to the plane of the drawing in front of and behind it One or one door for each of the compartments S can be attached i-2.

In the uppermost compartment 8, a loading with packages is indicated, however, the device is also suitable for loosely layered frozen food. if the loading door or doors for loading and unloading only the inside of the compartments S uncover, the heat exchanger 3 and the fan 7 can be permanently in operation be. With simple auxiliary devices z. 13. Matching the bottoms of the compartments mobile \ Iehrplatteentisclien, a quick loading and unloading can be made possible. With one door in the front and rear wall of the housing, for example, you can use the Push out the completed loading by means of the new loading system.

The example according to Fig. = Stinllnt finitely in its sanity autbati flat Fig. i, because the only difference is that the freezer compartment 4 has no firmly carved I ': icher 4, but only through above and below the two \\ ': iil (le @',; "as well as front and back by the \\ 'ands (res Housing 1-2 is complete. I'sr contains (read Gut in stacked open top Bowls 9, the forums of which are all based on the shape of the pockets 3 and the compartments S, and the A11 vertical ledges (j.

The cold air flows along all the ", clialeiihödeii and can also Coat the upper side (res good immediately. The front and rear walls of the housing each have a door. by means of two single-plate tables a new stack retracted and at the same time the finished stack can be rolled out empty. In the This example is suitable for a loosely layered arrangement Good and for press packages.

An example with a representative arrangement is shown in FIG. 3. To the Continue to shorten the freezing time. can in development of the invention of the plane Part of the boundary walls in one each extending over the freezer compartment Cooling bag or in one each over the air cooling space 3 and the freezing space 4. extensive cooler bag iö and iö 'order. The good space then has no permanently installed jacketed compartments, but is preferred in this example with a horizontal arrangement finite shell stacks o equipped.

The embodiment with two cooling bags as border walls and without a sheathed one Subjects can be further developed according to FIG. 3 in that between the cooling pockets iö, io "by means of further, for example, through-going cooler bags i i several Gut receiving departments 12 are created. the one at the air outlet end through a grille or grids 13 or the like. Can be completed. In the first department (left) Press packs are indicated as frozen goods, on a mobile light Frame with thin, more perpendicular storage strips through which between the two stacks of packages a gap for the passage of cold air is secured. The packages are on the outside an de 1i cooler bags iö and ii an. Loosely layered goods can also be stored in the Freeze device.

FIG. 4 shows the example according to FIG. 3 in a lying arrangement the only difference is that the border areas formed by the cool bags io 'and iö' or stiffened guide walls. for example by means of attached to the freezer housing i-2 Ribs 14 'and i.I "rain deflection to aullen are supported to a special To be able to carry out freezing processes for goods that have been bruised in package form.

each compartment 12 fully enclosed by two cooling bags io 'or ii is provided with two layers of good 1;'. I j5 "and with an in-between air cushion; isseii1 (loaded. If all older parts are loaded, then the air cushions are always hit with compressed air at the same time and bounces off by means of the same (las t iut 15 w't111'ell (I de .,; Frozen gins against the envelope pockets io 'or i i. Between every two rows of parcels, Inan can leave a channel free for the flow of cold air; that this creates Lülig channels for the air.

The freezing of good packages with pressing them against the cooling surfaces is known per se. however, until now it has been used directly in a plate heat exchanger made without a separate Gutaufliehmeraum. How to do with tubular heat exchangers pushes the freezer on trays between the pipes. I) rill, t lnan with the known finite compression force freezes the packets between two cooling bags. which are not stationary. but can be loved and lowered as well as connected to the refrigeration system by hoses are. You increase the distance between the cooler bags and slide between two bags a layer of good parcels, presses by means of a press (read the whole thing together and take on the freezing before. The process brings a high throughput. but against There is considerable concern about the hose connection part of the cooler bags. By any A significant portion of the coolant is lost and created from leaks If necessary, longer interruptions in operation, which are to be frozen immediately Well can cause considerable damage.

In contrast, the subject matter of the invention has exclusively stationary ones Cooling bags, which do not involve the risk of full business interruption is. A loss of compressed air as a result of a leak in an air bag or its hoses is meaningless. In addition, (let the new method of working by means of the Pressure increased heat exchange through .line finite cream heat exchange through the very rapidly moving cold air interacts and increases the performance even more.

The examples according to FIGS. I to .I are readily suitable for training as mobile freezers. A device deviating from: \. R1 is shown in Fig. J. Because of its size, the heat exchanger, which is divided into two or more cools: tsclieilgruppell 3 'and 3 ", is atis vertically next to each other" tabs set together, and the axis direction (res above again full of an I # üln-ungsivand;, on the other hand below from Ge-Ilatisell0den i' -2 'llegrellztr11 freezer compartment 4. is horizontal.

1) (# 1- heat exchange empty 3'-3 "represents ill a" 'by eill (# @ t111 @ e 1; limited housing Shaft 1S, in addition to which a large number of wactgerecliten Well compartments 8 of the same or unequal size 8 and S 'in several loti-ecliten graters is preferably arranged such that the compartments of one row on the gaps the compartments of the neighboring rows sit. In the drawing are washed around by the Kalt-Itift sheathed compartments indicated, but instead of them you can also take up Provide trays or tray stacks suitable li-ihge or the like through their openings the cold air reaches the property directly.

The blower or fan 7 pushes the air through the heat exchanger 3'-3 "into the freezer .4 and suck it up from your opposite end the freezer compartment again. The flat stretches of the guide wall 5 and the tongue 17 can consist of cooling bags. The dashed line network in the freezer compartment 4 does not illustrate any apparatus parts, but means that the good compartments 8, S 'individually or or and are closed in groups by a lockable door each.

The example shows a central freezer whose freezer lockers, similar to the cold stores in cold stores, they can be rented out to tradespeople. the Lockers are not separated from one another by walls in the freezer compartment 4, but rather the 'separation occurs only through those sitting on the front wall of the housing 1-2 Locking doors. The rear wall is in the l - ', egel no doors received, especially since one Such devices e.g.: in pairs back to back perpendicular to a building wall, the heat exchangers facing this wall and with free passages for the user the lockers.

I) ic freezer lockers can be used for both freezing and Frozen goods can be used. There is the \ 1 <igliclikeit, locker cabinets to combine with unequal cold air temperatures into one system. For the lowest air temperatures If necessary, chew the heat exchanger of one or more cabinets with evaporating Operate the refrigerant while the other cabinets are operated with brine. I) urcli parallel and series connection as well as 1ciuisclite connection of the brine lines let @lie Kaltluftteinperaturen be% - () n cabinet to cabinet as required graduate.

Claims (3)

PA'rEXTA \ SPRCtCIIE: i. Freezer, especially for final freezing of \ alirtui "s and genitalia loosely layered or in 1'ackungeii, in which Rapidly moving deep-frozen air as on (read well-acting coolant in one for the heat absorption and release common space is circulated, which is connected in series a heat exchanger for freezing the air and non-accessible receiving rooms for the goods to be frozen, characterized by the union of one from several, of a liquid coolant, z. 13. Brine, or a cold liquid, z. 13. Ammonia, flowing through, arranged in parallel and closely next to or one above the other Flat pockets of assembled heat exchanger with a specialized, fixed or removable support means for the freezer compartment having the goods, the Connection of both rooms for the passage of the air from the heat exchanger into the Freezer compartment in a narrow compared to the freezer compartment and complete with built-in components free space exists. 2. Freezing device according to claim i, characterized in that that with a horizontal arrangement of the flat pockets of the heat exchanger (3) this and the freezer compartment (q.) side by side in one inside the cabinet housing (i) Recessed chamber are arranged, the usable space of which is the same everywhere Has overall cross-section, and through an upper (5 ') and preferably also lower (5 ") horizontal partition wall, on the outside of which there is an air return duct extends from one to the other end of the chamber (Figs. i and 2). 3. Freezer according to claim 2, characterized in that the freezer compartment (¢) with a plurality of horizontal and jacketed, according to the shape and arrangement of the flat pockets (3) of the heat exchanger (cooling pockets) approximated and on their outside by the deep-frozen air rinsed solid compartments (S ) is penetrated, which extend from one cabinet main wall to others and are closed there, for example, by individual doors (Fig. r). .1. Freezing device according to claim 2, characterized. that the freezer room is fanless and finite almost across its entire width and fleas-reaching main wall doors and holds the goods in loose bowls stacked on top of one another (g), the shape of which is based on the shape of a pouch, and the underside that forms a gap (g ') wear (1 # ig.2). 5. Freezer according to claim. as a result, no. (1a13 when the flat pockets (3 '. 3 ") of the heat exchanger are arranged vertically, the heat exchanger is separated from the freezer space (4) next to it by an essentially vertical tongue (17) which extends above the bottom to the housing base (1'- = ') extending freezer compartment (4.) continues as a horizontal partition (5) to form an air return duct (Fig. S). 6. Freezer according to claim 5, characterized in that the freezer compartment with a large number of horizontal compartments (8, 8 ') of the same or unequal size which are designed as cages suitable for receiving trays or stacks of trays and are arranged in several vertical rows one above the other (Fig. 5). 7. Freezing device according to claim 6, characterized in that. that the compartments of a vertical row (8'-8-b ... ) sit on the gaps in the compartments of the neighboring row (... 8-5-8 ') or rows (Fig. 5). B. Freezer after Claim 6 and 7, characterized in that g e indicates that the compartments are closed individually or or and in groups by a lockable door each in one or both of the cabinet housing walls carrying the compartments (Fig. 5). G. Freezing device according to one of claims a to B. characterized. that the flat part of the partition walls delimiting the air return ducts consists of a cooling pocket (iö. io ") extending over the freezer space (4) or over this and the heat exchanger (3) (Figs. 3 and 4) according to claim 9, characterized in that (lal3 in the case of freezing cream arranged below or next to the heat exchanger (3) without jacketed compartments between the partition walls formed by cooling pockets (iö, iö ') by means of further cooling pockets (it), product receiving compartments are formed in the freezing room, which the air outlet end can be closed off by a grille (13) or d91. (Fig. 3 and .F). ii. Freezing device according to claim 10, characterized in, (with the freezer space arranged next to the heat exchanger, leave the partition walls formed by cooling pockets stiffened, for example by means of ribs attached to the housing (i- ', i4 ") are supported against l) sagging to the outside (1 #, g. @.). 12. Freezing device according to claim ii, characterized marked, (let each of two cooling bags (iö, ii, io ") enclosed Gutaufnalimeabteilun.- is filled with two layers of goods and a cushion-shaped air bag (1d) located between them, which can be connected to a compressed air duel, leaving free air ducts running along the length, after all Departments at the same time all air bags (1d) are inflated, and by means of the same the goods during freezing against the cooling bags (iö, i i. iö ') is pressed (Fig.4). In order to differentiate the subject matter of the invention from the prior art, the following publications were taken into account in the granting procedure: USA patents N o. i gi.F 9i 5. 130430-, German patent specification No. 647489-, Austrian patent specification No. LF9 j92; Essay Dr. L inge, “The Freezing Process. of food according to (learn [the Leckermann process] in the "Chemical Apparatus" guideline, Volume 27. Issue .1, February icq4o.