DE701449C - Process for refining vegetable textile fibers - Google Patents

Description

L 75420

There has been no lack of attempts to equip textile fibers with cellulose that has been rebuilt from viscose% , in order to achieve a finish that consists of a substance that is chemically identical or related to the vegetable fiber. However, all these attempts failed due to the fact that the cellulose deposited in the viscose textile fiber is always stiff

to and paper finishes resulted in the treated fabrics or rovings for clothing fabrics and made body, household or bed linen unsuitable. Apart from that, the fabrics finished with viscose showed also had the disadvantage that they had very little extensibility and that Finishing cellulose layer cracked in many cases when applying tension, so that they are then of countless coarser or

appeared to be interspersed with finer cracks. Even with textile printing, especially pigment printing with Viscose, these evils made themselves unpleasantly noticeable. Therefore, viscose could only be used as a finishing material Naturalize wherever, as for example with bookbirider canvas, a rigid appret cannot interferes with or is desired, while the rest of the finishing technique continues in use of starch or dextrin-like bodies remained as a finishing agent. The starch interpreter but gives the cotton fabric not only an unnatural character, but it is also lost in the first wash because of its solubility in water. Added to this is the fact that in this way, year in and year out, downright enormous amounts in strength migrate into the drains and in this way for the national wealth get lost.

The present invention overcomes all of these deficiencies; it concerns a method for Treatment of vegetable textile fibers using solutions of cellulose derivatives, from which cellulose can be regenerated, preferably solutions containing the C S S group Cellulose derivatives, e.g. B. Viscose. With their help it is possible to produce vegetable Textile fibers incorporate even very large amounts of cellulose without making them stiffer or so stiff that they are suitable for Clothing fabrics and body, house or bed linen become unsuitable, and even very much to give loose tissues the character of richness of fibers without introducing a material, which is chemically different from the fabric or web and

just fills their pores. Also the wash fastness according to the present invention treated fabric and webbing leaves nothing to be desired.

The invention is based on the idea, in the vegetable textile fiber after the treatment with the solution of a cellulose derivative and after regeneration has taken place to cause the cellulose to shrink, which does not occur. the fiber is limited remains, but its effect is also communicated to the regenerated cellulose. As a result, the expansion coefficient becomes complete or almost complete matched to the fiber material; it finds an intimate union of fiber material and regenerated cellulose instead, and the regenerated cellulose loses its previous character a stiff, externally applied finish. According to the invention, therefore after the textile fiber material has been treated with a solution of a cellulose derivative, from which cellulose can be regenerated, preferably a cellulose derivative containing the C S S group, such as viscose, not only does the cellulose regenerate, but the textile fiber also becomes starting during or after '' regeneration the cellulose, treated with an agent which causes fiber shrinkage in it. One embodiment of the method consists in combining the process of regeneration with the process of fiber shrinkage in one operation, by using means to regenerate the cellulose, which at the same time also shrink the work material bring.

In addition to these basic advantages, the process also has other effects, of which excellent elasticity, increased strength and resistance to rubbing and kinking of the materials treated according to the invention are to be mentioned. The friction resp. Crease resistance also exists if the cellulose sizing has a significant amount of one Filler, such as kaolin, talc, zinc white, lithopon o. The like., Is added.

However, the invention is also associated with the advantage that it is suitable in the choice According to the present method, textile material succeeds in creating a high-gloss layer on woven or spun fabrics achieve that gives the fabric or web a very high-quality, silk-like sheen.

The invention is also useful for textile printing in that, in contrast to the With the help of viscose printing layers produced in the previous manner, which according to the present The process produced feels soft to the touch and does not tear when tension is applied, even when the pressure layers are quite thick.

To carry out the process, a vegetable fiber material is used or such a containing tissue or web with viscose or a solution of a cellulose xanthogen fatty acid, such as OeUulosexanthogenessigsäure, or a salt of such, in short, a solution of a Cellulose derivatives, which contain the C S S group, finished in a known manner, filled, coated or printed or coated, optionally dried, whereupon not only the cellulose regenerates, but In addition, the fabric or web is treated with a shrinkage-causing agent will. This latter treatment can be used during or after regeneration the cellulose can be started from the finishing compound applied to the fabric or web. The viscose resp. Solution of the derivative of cellulose xanthogenic acid is z. B. initially by a shrinking chemical (e.g. a precipitation bath) or physical (e.g. steam or heat) Agent coagulates and then the fabric or web, optionally after washing and Drying combined with the astringent "" agent. Or it can with the viscose or the derivative of cellulose xanthogenic acid provided fabrics or webs, if desired, after prior drying, with substances or mixtures of substances y. "> treated, which on the viscose or the derivative of cellulose xanthogenic acid coagulating and also have a shrinking effect on the fiber.

Any over-ripened or shorter-than-normal ripened by some method or unripened alkali cellulose produced or prepared with bypassing alkali cellulose Viscose can be used in the present process.

If desired, one can use the viscose also additives, e.g. B. glycerol or glucose, or inorganic salts of a suitable type or Add ammonia.

The viscose or the other cellulose no derivative other finishing or sizing agents, z. B. starch, dextrin, protein, Gelatin, or emollients, e.g. B. Glycerin, soap, Turkish red oil, glucose, Rizi-, nut oil, paraffin oil, or fillers, e.g. talc or kaolin, or pigments, e.g. B. zinc white, Carbon black, mica, or dyes or any two or more of the above Substances are added.

Means causing shrinkage have for the present process caustic alkalis and alkali sulfides have been tried and tested.

But you can also use other alkaline substances such. B. organic sulfonium trydroxides or quaternary ammonium bases or organic bases (e.g. guanidine) / use. Finally, strong mineral acids, e.g. B. sulfuric acid of 49 to 50 ⁰ Be or even stronger sulfuric acid, or strong zinc chloride solution or calcium chloride solution as shrinkage-causing agents are used, or just about any other. Shrinkage agents.

For that embodiment of the method, which according to the viscose or Tissues or webs containing a cellulose xanthogen fatty acid are treated with an agent the "coagulating on the viscose and contracting on the fiber acts, the same means listed above can be used, but of course only as far as they are able to convert cellulose from the CelMose solutions used to regenerate.

The shrinkage-inducing agents can be any of those from the mercerization technique add known additives to the meroerization liquid.

Shrinkage-inducing agents come to use after prolonged exposure damage or destroy the vegetable textile fiber, e.g. B. very strong hot alkali solution or strong mineral acids, then you have to set up their exposure time so that no damage to the textile fiber he follows.

The present method can also be combined with another method of the inventor turn, for which there are three ways:

1. Dissolve or emulsify in the viscose or the solution of another cellulose derivative, which contains the C S S group, a gas, finishes, fills, covers, printed or, if it is a question of yarn, sizing the fabric or with such a viscose or solution Spun and treated in accordance with one of the embodiments of the present invention.

2. One puts the viscose or solution of another cellulose compound, which the CSS group contains a substance, e.g. an alkali carbonate, from which by appropriate Measures a gas can be developed, then treated with such a viscose or solution finished, coated, filled, printed or sized fabric or web with a means, z. B. an acid bath to develop the gas in question from the added substance capable, -and finally brings the tissue

ßo or web, if desired, after prior notice Washing and, if necessary, drying, with a shrinking agent together.

3. A substance is introduced into viscose which, when brought into contact with the shrinking agent or agents, is capable of evolving a gas; In this way, the process steps in which the shrinkage of the fiber material and the development of gas are brought about are combined in a single operation. It can e.g. B. be introduced into the viscose an alkali metal carbonate and the fabric or web to which the viscose is applied, by treatment with strong mineral acid, for. B. sulfuric acid from 49 ⁰ to 55 ° Be, are made to shrink. It is obvious that in this case the coagulation, shrinkage and gas evolution are combined in one operation, since strong mineral acid is a coagulant for viscose, a shrinkage agent for the pulp and finally an agent which evolves _{CO 2 from alkali carbonate.}

The following exemplary embodiments illustrate how the method is practiced can be; however, the invention is not limited to the details of the examples. The parts mean parts by weight.

90 working examples

example 1

A cotton fabric is one behind the other finished with a viscose, which is about 6.5 ° / ₀ containing analytically determinable cellulose and about 8 ° / ₀ caustic soda in a known manner on a Backfillingmaschine one or more times. The repeated dressing can be made in such a way that the individual Appreturschichten wet-on-wet applied or dried between the individual application at 40 ⁰ to 6o ° C. The appretierte fabric is now in wet or dry state is brought into 22.5 ° / _o i'ge sodium hydroxide solution of 120 ⁰ C and maintained there for 15 minutes, after which it is introduced into boiling water and for several minutes to contact. Finally, it is washed in a known manner, uo dried at 40 ⁰ to 6o ° C and completed.

If desired, the finished fabric may be attenuated to 115 ° C after washing or after washing and drying at 105 ^0th

Example 2

Operation as in embodiment example 1, but with the difference that 1000 parts by weight of viscose 70 to 140 parts by weight Talc can be added.

Example 3

- Procedure as in embodiment 1 or 2 (modification with drying), but with the difference that the finished fabric is ^{steamed at 105 °} C. for 3 to 10 minutes before it was brought into contact with the hot sodium hydroxide solution.

Example 4

Procedure as in embodiment 1 or 2, but with the difference that the finished fabric, after it has left the boiling water, with 10 to 20 ° / _O sulfuric acid or a 20 to 30% Lots solution of sodium bisulfate or any other known from the artificial silk technology Viscose fall bath, z. B. the Müller bath (see ~ Patent 287955), ^a l ^{so z} · B a solution of 40 parts of sodium bisulfate in 60 parts of water, to which 7 parts of sulfuric acid of 66 ° Be are added, or a solution that is in ι 1 contains about 160 g of sulfuric acid monohydrate and 320 g of sodium sulfate, or a bath consisting of 8 parts of ^a 5 H ₂ SO ₄ , 7.5 parts of glucose or glycerol, 17.5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 100 parts of water, treated for a few minutes at room temperature , washed and dried.

Example 5

Procedure as in embodiment 1 or 2, but with the difference that the hot liquor leaving the tissue instead of boiling water with 10 to 200 / cent sulfuric acid or other acidic \ ^r iscosefällbad, z. B. a Müllerbad, treated for a few minutes at room temperature and then washed and dried.

Example 6

Procedure as in any of the preceding embodiments, but with the difference that 7% sodium hydroxide solution is used in place of 22.5 ° / _o aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and that the treatment of the fabric with the caustic soda solution at ioo ° C pre-

is taken.

Example 7

Procedure as in any of the embodiments ι to 5, but with the difference that instead of the sodium hydroxide solution ig reaches a 58% solution of ^e crystallized sodium sulfide at ioo ° C for \ ^r Before Using.

Example 8

Procedure as in any of the preceding embodiments, but with the difference that the finished fabric before it is brought into contact with the sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfide solution, known in 10- to 20 ° / _O by weight sulfuric acid or into another from the rayon manufacturing Viscosefällbad introduced, left there for a few seconds to a few minutes, then washed out and then treated in the wet or dried state with the sodium hydroxide solution or sodium sulfide solution.

Example 9

Operation as in the example, but with the difference is that the finished fabric is dried at 50 to 60 ° C before it sulfuric acid or another viscose precipitating bath, e.g. B. the Müllerbad, in contact got.

Example 10

Procedure as in any of the preceding examples, but with the difference that the viscose only 4.5 ° / _s contains about analytically determinable cellulose.

Example n

Procedure as in any of the embodiments ι to 9, but with the difference that the Viscose 6.5 ° / 9, however, "contains only about 3% caustic soda about ₀ analytically determinable cellulose.

This composition can be achieved in such a way that the alkali cellulose produced with the help of 18% sodium hydroxide solution is compressed to 3.4 parts by weight, calculated on 1 part by weight of the cellulose, and the cellulose xanthate is dissolved in so much water that the cellulose content of the viscose 6, 5 ° / ₀ .

Example 12 ^Io °

Procedure as in any of the embodiments ι to 9, but with the difference that 6.5 Viscose / but contains about ₀ ° analytically determinable cellulose, only about 1.4% caustic soda.

This can be in such a way accomplish that one starts from an alkali cellulose, which is expected to 2 parts by weight to 1 part by weight of the cellulose, pressed and the cellulose no losexanthogenat so triggers that the Viscose 6.5 ° / ₀ analytically determinable cellulose contains.

Example 13

Procedure as in the embodiments 8 or 9, but with the difference that the Viscose 19.5 ° / ₀ contains sodium carbonate.

Example 14

Operation as in any of the embodiments ι to 12, but with the

The difference is that air is emulsified in the viscose by means of an injector.

Example 15

Operation as in any of the previous embodiments, however with the difference that the viscose, to 100 parts by weight, is 8 parts by weight Mica or 10 to 15 parts by weight of zinc

«O white or 3 to 5 parts by weight of lamp soot are mixed and that with this mixture a cotton fabric on the roller blind machine is printed, whereupon the further treatment and completion according to the previous embodiments he follows.

Example 16

The way of working is like in one of the

ao going examples, with the difference that after washing at the end of all operations, the material is stretched or moderately stretched state dried wind.

»5 examples for sizing yarn result from the above examples from self.

In the claims application is intended to mean any type of application, both by hand as well as by machine work, such as when finishing, Sizing, filling, impregnating, coating, weighting or printing of fibrous materials It is common, regardless of whether it is fabric or webbing.

The term textile fiber in the description and claims means wherever the sense allows, every spun or woven fiber material of vegetable origin Origin, e.g. B. flax, linen, hemp, ramie, jute and especially cotton, in Pure or mixed form. Geebe or in the form of webs and yarns, such as strands, bobbins or chains.

The term cellulose means everywhere in the description and claims the sense allows cellulose or its conversion products, d. H. Cellulose hydrate, Hydrocellulose and oxycellulose.

In Example 3, the German method differs from the present processes Patent specification 254762 mentioned method in that there is a mixture of for finishing Raw viscose with a thioglycerin or oxytrimethylene sulfide used and then the Separation of the cellulose by depositing, steaming or by treatment with the same effect by means of dry heat, mineral acids, salts, acids and salts, therefore without Makes fiber shrinkage.

Claims (1)

Claim: Process for refining vegetable fibers by treating them with solutions of cellulose derivatives which contain the CSS group, in particular viscose, and regenerating the cellulose with acidic agents, characterized in that the fibers are mjt during or after the regeneration
Means treated. fiber-shrinking