DE698321C - Promotion of plant growth - Google Patents

Description

Promotion of plant growth It is known that on low-base bog and sandy soils, especially in the north of the German Reich, growth disorders occur in crops, which are referred to as bog disease, yeast disease and uncontrollability and severely impair the use of arable crops and cattle breeding on large areas. So far, vitriol has been used to remedy these symptoms. In addition, other soluble copper salts, such as copper nitrate alone or in a mixture with other substances, have also been used. However, large quantities of high-quality copper, e.g. B. 25 kg Cu as copper sulfate per ha, be brought to the ground, so that with consistent implementation of the x. 1, if necessary, thousands of tons of copper would have to be added to the soil annually, of which the greater part, due to the easy solubility of the copper salts, is washed with the rainwater into deeper layers of the subsoil, where it can no longer have any effects. Given the current state of the art, there was still no way to restore the soil without wasting high-quality copper. As a result of seeing a significant and surprising step forward in the fact that it was possible according to the invention, by using geringwertigen- copper-containing slag, produced during the smelting of copper ore as a by-product also völlwertige to moor sick floors - to achieve crops and high yields. .

Opposite the known use of copper-containing pyrite or The copper slag has the extraordinary advantage that it can burn off gravel is a difficult to recycle waste product, while copper-containing pyrites or Kiesaibbrände can be processed without difficulty on copper or iron. A particular advantage of the slag used according to the invention is also contained therein to see that they also a large number of trace elements contains, which are also important for the plant growth and are considered coming soils as good as vcyl- # 7, consistently absent.

In one for easy digestion through the soil or the plants The slag can be obtained in a particularly suitable form by removing it brings the liquid state to solidify quickly by cooling, z. B. in such a way, that you quench the boil by pouring or splashing it in water. Aie bursts in small pieces, which, because of their small size, require very little effort in suitable crushing devices in extremely finely divided, extremely effective form can be transferred.

It has been found that the copper slag quenched in one way or another or converted from the liquid to the solid state by rapid cooling differs significantly in its chemical behavior from the form obtained by slow cooling, in that the latter is difficult to attack by acids is, while the former in finely ground form is also decomposed by very weak acids, such as acetic acid, whereby, in addition to the bases concerned, a considerable amount of the existing - silicic acid goes into solution in colloidal form.

The surprisingly beneficial effect observed of the copper slag, in particular the copper slag which is subjected to rapid cooling, is perhaps due to the fact that such a slag has, for example, the composition: Slag, slag that for that Stock average according to (agendas partial salary attempts was used in salary in oio ----------- si02 34, o to 39.5 39.4 Fe0 38.0 - 45.5 45.33 Ca0 4.0-7.0 5170 Zn0 i, o - 6, o i, go Pb 0.4 - oß. 0.14 Cu 0.4 to 0.5 0.41 Ni about o, o2 Co about o, o8 - MnO 0.5 to 1.5 0.33 mg0 0.5 2.0 0.50 Al20.9 1.5 3.0 2.56 s about _T, o - In addition to small residues of copper, it contains a whole range of substances that come from certain soils, e.g. B. acid bog soils and sandy soils, largely by longing or pie, mechanical processing are removed. B. under the action of small amounts of seed excreted by the roots of the plants can be brought into solution and absorbed by the plants.

By, the invention is a valuable and economically significant one Use of the by-product, which has so far only been a fairly low-quality by-product Copper slag enables.

The beneficial effect of copper slag iNird proved by experiments with Gartenpfla 'coins on a sandy bottom with urbarnachungskranken eiaiern Ph value of 4.2. The test area was fertilized with Stalinlist and 60 g / m2 potash salt 40 '/ ". Then _% of the area was fertilized with -6o-g / m2 copper slag, while the last third was used as a control and received no further fertilization .-the experiments' were with peas, S ehneidebohnen, au5geführt wax beans, beets, turnips, forage kale, carrots, cucumbers, potatoes and sunflowers. While no copper slag plant consistently lagged behind in growth, the fertilized plants showed strong development and a deep green color For example, Swiss chard reached a height of 25 cm when not fertilized, but 65 cm when fertilized. In the case of sunflowers, the trunk of the fertilized plants reached a thickness of 5 to 6 cm, the unfertilized plants a thickness of only 21 /, cm. The yields increased by fertilization consistently to double up Dreifadhe the unfertilized areas - and brreichten dainit least - income healthy plots in the vicinity of the test area.

Exact tests, in which copper stilfate was also used for comparison, were carried out by the state institute for fodder production in Kiel (journal »Bodenkunde und Pflanzenernahrung«, 1939 vol. 13, issue 34 »Investigations into combating moorland disease W.Nicolaisen, W. Seelbach and B. Leitzke) .- The field tests were carried out on the diseased soils of the central ridge of Schleswig-Holstein, in SchafflundKrs. Flensburg and tokelholm and Bokelfeld Krs. Rendsburg. i. Fertilization experiment on oats at jensen, Schaffl and Korn S ' #h: No. Additional fertilization dz / ha dz I Without ....... 20.33 56.62 2 50 kg / ha Cu S 04 ... 27.83 63.95 3 iookg / ha CuSO, .. 26.03 6.7.87 4 ' 3 dz / ha slag -... 17.77 77.99 5 6 dz / ha - - - - '19, 33 90.37 6 9 dz / ha - ... 29.73 47.33 2. Fertilization attempt, to winter rye at Jensen's, Schafflund Grain straw No. Additional fertilization dz / ha dz / ha I Without .............. 17.32 33.73 2 5o kg / ha Cu S 0.24.83 47.01 3 ioo kg / ha CU S 04 26.75 46.73 4 3 dz / ha slag 22, o6 41.63 5 -6 dz / ha - ... 28.32 52 "14 6 9 dz / ha - ... 28.74 53.14 3. Trial of fertilization with winter rye near Berg, Schafflund Grain straw No. Additional fertilization dz / ha_ dz / ha I Without ..... 20.92 40.51 2 50 kg / ha CUS 04 ... 25.54 -54.42 3 ioo kg / ha CU S 04 - - 28.28 43.34 4 3 dz / ha slag ... 28.75 77J7 4. Test of fertilization on turnips near Berg, Schafflund Yield No. Additional fertilization per hectare I Without ................ 448.7 2 5o kg / ha Cu S 04 ...... 505A 3 ioo kg / ha Cu S 04 ..... 566.2 ' 4 9 dz / ha slag ....... 576.6 5.- Test of fertilization on turnips at Reinhold, Bokelholm Yield No. Additional fertilization per hectare * Without ................. 554.0 * 50 kg CU S 04 ......... 6o2.7 3 100 kg CU S 04 ........ 681.3 4 3 dz / ha slag ...... 599.1 5 6 dz / ha - ...... 6oi, 3 6 9 dz / ha - ...... 7? -1.5 An experiment near-Baasch, Bokelfeld, in which Meng, korn - was grown without slag and with 9 idz slag pound, yielded yields of 29.2 dz korniha on the unfertilized area, on the other hand 43.5 qd grain / ha on the fertilized area.

From these field tests it can be seen that the copper slag with significant success in increasing (the yields applied to moorland soils can be.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: use of fine-like ahlenen slags produced during the smelting of copper ore as a byproduct in preferably by beautiful-Ile exhaust of the hot slag cooling scored for the digestion by the soil or the seed-en well -geeigneter form Promotion of plant growth.