DE69619062D1 - Lufttrennungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stickstoff - Google Patents
Lufttrennungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von StickstoffInfo
- Publication number
- DE69619062D1 DE69619062D1 DE69619062T DE69619062T DE69619062D1 DE 69619062 D1 DE69619062 D1 DE 69619062D1 DE 69619062 T DE69619062 T DE 69619062T DE 69619062 T DE69619062 T DE 69619062T DE 69619062 D1 DE69619062 D1 DE 69619062D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- bottoms
- liquid
- stream
- column
- vaporised
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/04066—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04321—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/72—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the totally condensed overhead gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/52—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air, e.g. "crude oxygen"
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/553,173 US5582034A (en) | 1995-11-07 | 1995-11-07 | Air separation method and apparatus for producing nitrogen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69619062D1 true DE69619062D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
DE69619062T2 DE69619062T2 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
Family
ID=24208392
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69619062T Expired - Lifetime DE69619062T2 (de) | 1995-11-07 | 1996-11-06 | Lufttrennungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stickstoff |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5582034A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0773417B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4057668B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100198352B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1103438C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE213060T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU704118B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2183511C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69619062T2 (de) |
IL (1) | IL119056A (de) |
MX (1) | MX9603980A (de) |
MY (1) | MY118753A (de) |
PL (1) | PL316839A1 (de) |
SG (1) | SG44970A1 (de) |
TR (1) | TR199600708A2 (de) |
TW (1) | TW360618B (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA967298B (de) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5689973A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-25 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation method and apparatus |
JP2875206B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-29 | 1999-03-31 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | 高純度窒素製造装置及び方法 |
US5924307A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1999-07-20 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Turbine/motor (generator) driven booster compressor |
US5836175A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1998-11-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Dual column cryogenic rectification system for producing nitrogen |
JP3719832B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-14 | 2005-11-24 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | 超高純度窒素及び酸素の製造装置 |
US5868006A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-02-09 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation method and apparatus for producing nitrogen |
US5934106A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-08-10 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing nitrogen |
US6279345B1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2001-08-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic air separation system with split kettle recycle |
US6494060B1 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen using high pressure turboexpansion |
CN100443838C (zh) * | 2005-04-20 | 2008-12-17 | 苏州市兴鲁空分设备科技发展有限公司 | 一种返流膨胀空气分离的方法和装置 |
CN100400995C (zh) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-07-09 | 苏州市兴鲁空分设备科技发展有限公司 | 空气分离的方法和装置 |
DE102007024168A1 (de) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-27 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung |
DE102007051184A1 (de) | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung |
DE102007051183A1 (de) | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung |
DE102008064117A1 (de) | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-28 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
JP5415192B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-16 | 2014-02-12 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 空気の成分分離方法および装置 |
EP2236964B1 (de) * | 2009-03-24 | 2019-11-20 | Linde AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung |
EP2662653A1 (de) | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von wasserstofffreiem Stickstoff |
EP2789958A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-15 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft und Luftzerlegungsanlage |
CN103776240B (zh) * | 2014-01-13 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江海天气体有限公司 | 单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置 |
EP3059536A1 (de) | 2015-02-19 | 2016-08-24 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines Druckstickstoffprodukts |
EP3290843A3 (de) | 2016-07-12 | 2018-06-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von druckstickstoff und flüssigstickstoff durch tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2120374B (en) * | 1982-05-11 | 1985-09-18 | Petrocarbon Dev Ltd | Improvements in the production of nitrogen from air |
JPS61110872A (ja) * | 1984-11-02 | 1986-05-29 | 日本酸素株式会社 | 窒素製造方法 |
JPH05187767A (ja) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-07-27 | Teisan Kk | 超高純度窒素製造方法及びその装置 |
US5363657A (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-15 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Single column process and apparatus for producing oxygen at above-atmospheric pressure |
US5396772A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-03-14 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Atmospheric gas separation method |
-
1995
- 1995-11-07 US US08/553,173 patent/US5582034A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-08-12 IL IL11905696A patent/IL119056A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-15 TW TW085109937A patent/TW360618B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-16 CA CA002183511A patent/CA2183511C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-22 SG SG1996010520A patent/SG44970A1/en unknown
- 1996-08-27 AU AU64305/96A patent/AU704118B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-08-28 ZA ZA967298A patent/ZA967298B/xx unknown
- 1996-09-06 CN CN96112901A patent/CN1103438C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-06 TR TR96/00708A patent/TR199600708A2/xx unknown
- 1996-09-10 MX MX9603980A patent/MX9603980A/es unknown
- 1996-09-30 JP JP25916896A patent/JP4057668B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-06 AT AT96308058T patent/ATE213060T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-06 PL PL96316839A patent/PL316839A1/xx unknown
- 1996-11-06 KR KR1019960052443A patent/KR100198352B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-06 DE DE69619062T patent/DE69619062T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-06 MY MYPI96004626A patent/MY118753A/en unknown
- 1996-11-06 EP EP96308058A patent/EP0773417B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR970025674A (ko) | 1997-06-24 |
ATE213060T1 (de) | 2002-02-15 |
TW360618B (en) | 1999-06-11 |
US5582034A (en) | 1996-12-10 |
EP0773417A2 (de) | 1997-05-14 |
AU704118B2 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
IL119056A (en) | 2000-07-16 |
SG44970A1 (en) | 1997-12-19 |
IL119056A0 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
AU6430596A (en) | 1997-05-15 |
CN1103438C (zh) | 2003-03-19 |
MX9603980A (es) | 1997-05-31 |
CN1152108A (zh) | 1997-06-18 |
ZA967298B (en) | 1997-05-22 |
KR100198352B1 (ko) | 1999-06-15 |
JP4057668B2 (ja) | 2008-03-05 |
EP0773417B1 (de) | 2002-02-06 |
CA2183511C (en) | 1999-10-12 |
EP0773417A3 (de) | 1998-02-04 |
JPH09132404A (ja) | 1997-05-20 |
MY118753A (en) | 2005-01-31 |
CA2183511A1 (en) | 1997-05-08 |
DE69619062T2 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
PL316839A1 (en) | 1997-05-12 |
TR199600708A2 (tr) | 1997-05-21 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |