DE693357C - Procedure for removing the ozone - Google Patents
Procedure for removing the ozoneInfo
- Publication number
- DE693357C DE693357C DE1938G0098484 DEG0098484D DE693357C DE 693357 C DE693357 C DE 693357C DE 1938G0098484 DE1938G0098484 DE 1938G0098484 DE G0098484 D DEG0098484 D DE G0098484D DE 693357 C DE693357 C DE 693357C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- air
- ozone
- acetylene
- liquefaction
- separation plant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
- F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/82—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a reactor with combustion or catalytic reaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/40—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from air, e.g. CO2, hydrocarbons
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Beseitigung des Ozons Der Betrieb von Luftverflüssigungs- und -zerlegungsanlagen wird bekanntlich stark gefährdet, wenn die zu verarbeitende Luft Acetylen enthält, was sehr viel häufiger vorkommt, als früher angenommen wurde. Als wirksame Abhilfe haben sich zwei Maßnahmen herausgestellt: Man verlängert die Luftansaugleitung bis zu einer Stelle, wo genügend reine Luft zur Verfügung steht, und man entnimmt dem Zerlegungsapparat flüssigen Sauerstoff, in dem das Acetylen weitestgehend ängeTeichert ist, und verdampft das Gemisch unter geeigneten Vorsichtsmaßregeln.Procedures for eliminating ozone The operation of air liquefaction and dismantling plants is known to be at great risk if the Air contains acetylene, which is much more common than previously thought. Two measures have proven to be effective remedies: One extends the Air intake line to a point where there is enough clean air available, and liquid oxygen in which the acetylene is removed from the decomposition apparatus as far as possible, and the mixture evaporates under suitable precautionary measures.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß in gewissen Fällen beide Maßnahmen sogar zusammengenommen versagen. Bei Anlagen, die große Mengen Luft zwecks Gewinnung von Krypton und Xenon verarbeiten, ist beobachtet worden, daß auch bei Acetylenkonzentrationen, die weit unterhalb der Grenze liegen, die man mit den vorerwähnten Maßnahmen zu erreichen pflegt (io bis ioo Teile je Million Acetylen im flüssigen Sauerstoff, auf Vo-. lumina im Gaszustand bezogen), und die nach allen früheren Erfahrungen als völlig gefahrlos gelten, sehr häufig- EXplosionen auftreten. Eine gefahrlose Verdampfung des dem Apparat entnommenen acetylenhaltigen Sauerstoffs erweist sich als praktisch unmöglich. Damit scheidet die zweite Hilfsmaßnahme aus und auch die erste versagt, weil es unmöglich ist, selbst durch längere Ansaugleitungen völlig acetylenfreie Luft herbeizuschaffen.It has been shown that in certain cases both measures even together fail. In systems that use large amounts of air for the purpose of extracting Process krypton and xenon, it has been observed that even with acetylene concentrations, which are far below the limit that can be achieved with the aforementioned measures achieve (io to ioo parts per million acetylene in liquid oxygen, on Vo-. lumina in the gas state), and that according to all previous experiences are considered completely safe, EXPLOSIONS occur very frequently. A safe one Evaporation of the acetylene-containing oxygen taken from the apparatus is found as practically impossible. This means that the second aid measure and also the first fails because it is completely impossible, even through longer suction lines create acetylene-free air.
Man hat auch versucht', das Acetylen aus der angesaugten Luft durch geeignete Behandlung, vorzugsweise bei Gegenwart vonr Katalysatoren, zu entfernen. Auch dieser Weg hat sich aber als nur sehr beschränkt gangbar erwiesen, insbesondere deshalb, weil die für die Acetylenzerstörung notwendige Temperatur verhältnismäßig hoch liegt und daher nur durch Einsatz erheblicher Energiemengen erreicht werden kann. Auch sind die vorgeschlagenen Katalysatoren gegen Kontaktgifte empfindlich, die in der Luft, insbesondere- in Industriegegenden, stets anzutreffen sind. Zu den die Acetylenentfernung besonders störenden Kontaktgiften gehört vor allem schweflige Säure.Attempts have also been made to get the acetylene out of the sucked in air appropriate treatment, preferably in the presence of catalysts. However, this route has also proven to be only feasible to a very limited extent, in particular this is because the temperature necessary for acetylene destruction is relative is high and can therefore only be achieved through the use of considerable amounts of energy can. The proposed catalysts are also sensitive to contact poisons, always to be found in the air, especially in industrial areas are. The contact poisons which particularly interfere with acetylene removal are above all sulphurous acid.
Nun wurde seit langem vermutet, und diese Ansicht konnte durch eingehende Versuche bestätigt werden, daß die Gefährlichkeit der Anwesenheit von Acetylen in Luftzerlegungsanlagen zumindest sehr stark vermindert, wenn nicht beseitigt wird, wenn die Anwesenheit auch der geringsten Spuren Ozon ausgeschlossen ist.Well it has long been suspected and this view could by in-depth Experiments confirm that the dangerousness of the presence of acetylene in Air separation plants at least very strongly reduced, if not eliminated, when the presence of even the slightest trace of ozone is excluded.
Aus dieser Erkenntnis konnte bisher kein praktischer Vorteil gezogen werden, weil es bis jetzt an Arbeitsweisen gefehlt hat, um die restlose Zerstörung der Ozonspuren durchzuführen, sind doch noch winzige Bruchteile eines Millionstels Ozon in der verarbeiteten Luft gefährlich.No practical advantage has yet been drawn from this finding because until now there has been a lack of working methods to ensure complete destruction of ozone traces are still tiny fractions of a millionth Ozone in processed air is dangerous.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß sich die Schwierigkeiten praktisch beseitigen lassen, wenn man die Luft vorzugsweise nach Verlassen des Verdichters vor Eintritt in den Zerlegungsapparat einer besonderen Behandlung unterwirft, die geeignet ist, das anwesende Ozon restlos zu beseitigen. Die Behandlung besteht gemäß der Erfindung entweder in einer zusätzlichen Erwärmung über die bei der Kompression auftretende Temperatur hinaus auf etwa 6o bis 70° C oder im Überleiten der Luft durch Räume, in welchen sie mit großen, katalytisch wirkenden Oberflächen, vorzugsweise bei der Kompressionsendtemperatur, in Berührung kommt. -So z. B. kann man die Luft durch Raseneisenerzreiniger führen, wie sie für die Schwefelreinigung von Kohlendestillationsgasen bekannt sind. Schließlich führt auch eine chemische Behandlung der Luft mit reduzierend wirkenden Substanzen zum gleichen Ziel, wobei die Stoffe entweder in feiner Verteilung in die Luft eingebläsen werden oder die Luft durch die reduzierend wirkenden Flüssigkeiten (in einem Waschturm) hindurchgeleitet wird; der Waschturm kann unter Umständen gleichzeitig als Kühler zur Fortschaffung der Kompressionswärme dienen. Als einheitliche Regel für die Vorbehandlung der Luft läßt sich sagen, daß alle diejenigen Vorgänge die Explosionsgefahr verhindern oder reduzieren, welche geeignet sind., Ozon in größter Verdünnung zu zerstören.It has now been found that the difficulties are practically eliminated if you let the air preferably after leaving the compressor before entering subject to special treatment in the cutting apparatus, which is suitable, to completely eliminate the ozone present. Treatment is according to the invention either in additional warming over that occurring during compression Temperature to around 6o to 70 ° C or by passing the air through rooms, in which they have large, catalytically active surfaces, preferably in the Compression end temperature, comes into contact. -So z. B. you can get through the air Lawn iron ore cleaners such as those used for sulfur purification of coal distillation gases are known. Finally, a chemical treatment of the air with reducing results acting substances to the same goal, the substances either in fine distribution be blown into the air or the air through the reducing liquids is passed through (in a washing tower); the washing tower can be used at the same time serve as a cooler to remove the heat of compression. As a single rule for the pretreatment of air it can be said that all those processes die Prevent or reduce the risk of explosion, which are suitable., Ozone in greatest Destroy dilution.
Hiermit@,soll nicht behauptet werden, daß ausschließlich das Ozon die gesteigerte Explosivität der vorhandenen Acetylenspuren verursacht. Es ist durchaus möglich, daß es sich (evtl. neben Ozon) um andere instabile höhere Sauerstäffverbindungen handelt oder daß in der Luft Teilchen mit höherem Energieinhalt durch irgendwelche physikalischen Prozesse entstehen. Ein Nachweis, welche dieser Möglichkeiten vorliegt, stößt auf außerordentlich große Schwierigkeiten, weil die fraglichen Stoffe in Verdünnungen vorhanden sind, deren Größienordnung > i : i o$ Volumteilen Luft beträgt und die sich daher einer Erfassung durch die bisher bekannten analytischen Methoden entziehen.Hereby @, it is not to be asserted that only the ozone caused the increased explosiveness of the existing traces of acetylene. It is quite possible that there are (possibly in addition to ozone) other unstable higher oxygen compounds acts or that in the air particles with a higher energy content by some physical processes arise. Evidence of which of these options is available encounters extremely great difficulties because the substances in question are diluted exist whose order of magnitude is> i: i o $ parts by volume of air and which therefore evade detection by the previously known analytical methods.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1938G0098484 DE693357C (en) | 1938-08-17 | 1938-08-18 | Procedure for removing the ozone |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2227795X | 1938-08-17 | ||
DE1938G0098484 DE693357C (en) | 1938-08-17 | 1938-08-18 | Procedure for removing the ozone |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE693357C true DE693357C (en) | 1940-07-06 |
Family
ID=25979244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1938G0098484 Expired DE693357C (en) | 1938-08-17 | 1938-08-18 | Procedure for removing the ozone |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE693357C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1117617B (en) * | 1960-10-14 | 1961-11-23 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Method and device for removing hydrocarbons from air prior to their decomposition by cryogenic rectification |
-
1938
- 1938-08-18 DE DE1938G0098484 patent/DE693357C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1117617B (en) * | 1960-10-14 | 1961-11-23 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Method and device for removing hydrocarbons from air prior to their decomposition by cryogenic rectification |
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