DE4416785A1 - Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas - Google Patents

Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas

Info

Publication number
DE4416785A1
DE4416785A1 DE4416785A DE4416785A DE4416785A1 DE 4416785 A1 DE4416785 A1 DE 4416785A1 DE 4416785 A DE4416785 A DE 4416785A DE 4416785 A DE4416785 A DE 4416785A DE 4416785 A1 DE4416785 A1 DE 4416785A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
extraction
solids
reactor
removal
compressed gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4416785A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Guenther Dr Kannert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE4416785A priority Critical patent/DE4416785A1/en
Publication of DE4416785A1 publication Critical patent/DE4416785A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F5/20—Reducing or removing alkaloid content; Preparations produced thereby; Extracts or infusions thereof
    • A23F5/206—Reducing or removing alkaloid content; Preparations produced thereby; Extracts or infusions thereof by extraction of the beans with selective solvents other than water or aqueous bean extracts, including supercritical gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/23—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by extraction with solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
    • A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
    • C10C3/08—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by selective extraction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/40—Specific cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/46—Specific cleaning or washing processes applying energy, e.g. irradiation

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Abstract

Appts. for continuous or discontinuous extraction of solids with compressed gases comprises a pressurised reactor equipped with one or more ultrasonic oscillators. Also claimed is a process for extraction of solids with sub- or supercritical compressed gases for the enrichment of components contained in the solids or for removal of undesirable components from the solids, characterised in that the compressed gas is agitated by ultrasonic oscillations. Also claimed are processes using the above appts., where (a) the compressed gas in the reactor is in a supercritical stage; (b) the compressed gas in the reactor is in a subcritical state; or (c) the fluid phase is recovered in a cyclic process. Also claimed is the use of the above appts. for the enrichment of soluble components from solids or removal of undesirable soluble solid components; for degreasing and cleaning metal, stone, ceramic, glass, plastics and/or wood materials; for stain removal and cleaning of textiles; for treating of building materials; for sepg. organics from minerals in asphalt; for removing or recovering soluble substances from wood, foodstuffs, consumables, plants, plant parts or plant prods.; for extraction of petroleum prods. or for extraction of medicinal substances.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt den in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichneten Gegenstand d. h. eine Extraktionsvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Extraktion von unpolaren bis mittelpolaren organischen Verbindungen aus verschiedenen Matrices. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung können Lösevorgänge beschleunigt werden, bei denen verdichtete Gase anstelle sonst üblicher Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe wie CKW, FCKW oder Aliphaten, Aromaten u. a. zum Einsatz kommen.The present invention describes that characterized in the claims Subject d. H. an extraction device and a method for extracting nonpolar to medium polar organic compounds from different matrices. With the device according to the invention, release processes can be accelerated, where compressed gases instead of the usual halogenated hydrocarbons such as CHC, CFC or aliphatics, aromatics and. a. are used.

Die Extraktion mit verdichteten und überkritischen Gasen wird schon seit längerem vor allem im Bereich der Genußmittelveredelung (Kaffee-Entkoffeinierung, Tabakextraktion) angewandt. Im Bereich der Spurenanalytik gab es erst in den letzten vier Jahren Geräteentwicklungen, die die Extraktion mit verdichteten, hier speziell überkritischen Gasen (Supercritical Fluid Extraction, SFE) als Anreicherungs­ methode interessant werden ließen. In allen diesen Fällen geht es dabei um die Extraktion von Spurenbestandteilen aus einer oberflächenintensiven festen Matrix.Extraction with compressed and supercritical gases has been around for a long time a long time, especially in the area of luxury food processing (coffee decaffeination, Tobacco extraction). In the field of trace analysis, there were only in the last four years device developments that compacted the extraction with here especially supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as enrichment method became interesting. In all of these cases, this is about Extraction of trace components from a surface-intensive solid matrix.

Bei den bekannten Extraktionsverfahren mit verdichteten Gasen unterscheidet man die dynamische und die statische Extraktion. Bei der dynamischen Extraktion fließt das über- oder unterkritische Fluid durch die zu behandelnde Matrix, löst die löslichen Anteile und wird anschließend in einer Vorlage verdampft, so daß die höhersiedenden Anteile dort zurückbleiben und angereichert werden. Bei der stati­ schen Extraktion wird die zu behandelnde Matrix über eine empirisch zu ermittelnde Zeit mit dem Fluid durchsetzt ("eingeweicht"). Durch mehrfache Wiederholung (diskontinuierlicher Prozeß) wird die Extraktion vervollständigt.A distinction is made in the known extraction processes with compressed gases dynamic and static extraction. With dynamic extraction flows the supercritical or subcritical fluid through the matrix to be treated dissolves the soluble portions and is then evaporated in a template so that the higher boiling portions remain there and are enriched. At the stati extraction, the matrix to be treated is determined empirically Time permeated with the fluid ("soaked"). By repeated repetition (discontinuous process) the extraction is completed.

Die Verwendung verdichteter Gase, speziell die Verwendung von Kohlendioxid, kann in vielen Fällen eine umweltfreundliche Alternative zu Anwendungen sein, bei denen bisher CKW, FCKW, Aromaten, Aliphaten (Benzin) u. a. eingesetzt wird. Die Wirkung beruht auf dem relativ guten Löseverhalten und der gleichzeitig günstigen Durchdringungsgeschwindigkeit der verdichteten Gase.The use of compressed gases, especially the use of carbon dioxide, can be an environmentally friendly alternative to applications in many cases which so far CHC, CFC, aromatics, aliphatic (gasoline) u. a. is used. The Effect is based on the relatively good dissolving behavior and at the same time cheap Penetration rate of the compressed gases.

Ein Nachteil der bestehenden Methoden liegt in der apparativen Technik, die das Arbeiten unter hohem Druck nur in dafür geeigneten Druckreaktoren (Autoklaven) zuläßt, und damit gleichzeitig ein mechanisches Durchmischen, z. B. durch ein Rührwerk sehr aufwendig machen würde.A disadvantage of the existing methods lies in the apparatus technology, which the Working under high pressure only in suitable pressure reactors (autoclaves) allows, and at the same time mechanical mixing, z. B. by a Agitator would make very expensive.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, weitere, bisher ineffektiv oder unzugänglich scheinende Anwendungen zu ermöglichen und damit eine nicht nur umweltfreundliche, sondern auch ungefährliche, kostengünstige und vor allem auch effektive Alternative anzubieten, die gerade für schwerlösliche und größere Mengen zu lösender Stoffe zur Geltung kommen sollte. Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe gelöst.The object of the present invention was to further, so far ineffective or enable seemingly inaccessible applications and therefore not only one environmentally friendly, but also harmless, inexpensive and above all to offer an effective alternative, especially for sparingly soluble and larger quantities substances to be dissolved should come into play. By the present invention this task is solved.

Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden diese Ziele einerseits durch Kombination mit der Ultraschalltechnik und andererseits durch eine gleichzeitige Kreisprozeß­ führung erreicht. Die Einwirkung von Ultraschall auf verdichtete Gase wie Ethan, Ethen, Propan, Propen, Trifluormethan, Distickstoffmonoxid, Schwefelhexafluorid oder Kohlendioxid im überkritischen Zustand und statischen Betrieb bewirkt eine vollständige Durchmischung und schnelle Sättigung der auszuwaschenden Kompo­ nenten infolge der durch Ultraschall induzierten Bewegung. Nach Überleiten in einen Sammler und durch Temperatur- oder Drucksenkung unter den jeweils kritischen Punkt liegt das Fluid wieder in zwei Phasen (flüssig/gasförmig) im Gleichgewicht vor. Aus diesem Gleichgewicht kann das Gas in reiner Form durch Verdampfen abdestilliert und zurückgewonnen werden und steht damit für einen weiteren Extraktionsschritt zur Verfügung.In the method according to the invention, these goals are achieved on the one hand by combination with ultrasound technology and on the other hand through a simultaneous circular process leadership achieved. The effect of ultrasound on compressed gases like ethane, Ethene, propane, propene, trifluoromethane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride or carbon dioxide in the supercritical state and static operation causes one complete mixing and rapid saturation of the compo to be washed out due to the movement induced by ultrasound. After transferring to one Collector and by lowering the temperature or pressure below the critical At this point, the fluid is in equilibrium again in two phases (liquid / gaseous) in front. From this equilibrium, the gas can be evaporated in pure form be distilled off and recovered and thus represents another Extraction step available.

Auch im dynamischen Betrieb wird durch Ultraschallschwingungen ein schnelleres Auflösen der zu extrahierenden Stoffe in dem verdichteten Gas erzwungen.Even in dynamic operation, ultrasonic vibrations make it faster Forcing the substances to be extracted into the compressed gas is forced.

Mit dem vorliegenden Verfahren und der beschriebenen Vorrichtung werden die Nachteile der statischen und der dynamischen Prozeßführung überwunden, die in beiden Fällen in der nur langsamen Gleichgewichtseinstellung (bis zur Sättigung) zu sehen sind. Insbesondere wird durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination der Extrak­ tion mit verdichteten Gasen, hier bevorzugt Kohlendioxid, mit der Ultraschalltechnik die Extraktion auch absolut großer Mengen selbst schwachlöslicher Stoffe ermöglicht. Es ergeben sich daraus alle Vorteile, die ein Verzicht auf entweder brennbare oder gesundheits- und umweltgefährdende Lösemittel mit sich bringen. Zudem reduzieren sich die mittelbaren und unmittelbaren Kosten für nun ermöglichte weitere Anwen­ dungen erheblich.With the present method and the described device, the Overcomes disadvantages of static and dynamic process control, which in both cases in the only slow equilibrium (until saturation) are seen. In particular, the Extrak tion with compressed gases, here preferably carbon dioxide, with ultrasound technology the extraction of even absolutely large quantities of even slightly soluble substances. This gives all the advantages of not using either flammable or bring solvents that are hazardous to health and the environment. Also reduce the indirect and direct costs for now possible further applications substantial.

Die beigefügte Zeichnung zeigt beispielhaft den schematischen Aufbau für eine spezielle Anwendung. Das Beispiel dient zur Veranschaulichung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und eines Verfahrens, es beschränkt die Erfindung jedoch nicht auf diese hier skizzierte Veranschaulichung. The accompanying drawing shows an example of the schematic structure for a special application. The example serves to illustrate the invention Apparatus and method, but it does not limit the invention this illustration sketched here.  

In dem Beispiel wird eine Anordnung der wesentlichen Aggregate für die Extraktion einer Asphaltprobe mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid dargestellt. Die Edelstahl -Druck­ behälter A, B und C sowie die Gasvorratsflasche G sind über Druckleitungen miteinander verbunden. Zwischen den Aggregaten befinden sich Wärmetauscher W, die Aggregate selbst sind temperierbar. Die Arbeitsweise ist hier diskontinuierlich. Der Reaktor A hat ein Innenvolumen von 3 Liter. Die Beschallungszeit beträgt jeweils 2 Minuten. Der erste Lauf wird bei einem Druck von 150 bar und bei 50°C, jeder folgende bei um 50 bar erhöhtem Druck durchgeführt. Der Enddruck beträgt 650 bar.The example shows an arrangement of the essential aggregates for the extraction an asphalt sample with supercritical carbon dioxide. The stainless steel print Containers A, B and C and the gas storage bottle G are via pressure lines connected with each other. There are heat exchangers W between the units, the units themselves can be tempered. The way of working here is discontinuous. The reactor A has an internal volume of 3 liters. The sonication time is 2 minutes each. The first run is at a pressure of 150 bar and at 50 ° C, each subsequent carried out at a pressure increased by 50 bar. The final pressure is 650 bar.

Ventilstellungen (siehe Zeichnung) für die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte Valve positions (see drawing) for the individual work steps

Durch entsprechende Ventilschaltung ist eine Rückspülung, z. B. zur Beseitigung von Verstopfungen, möglich.Backwashing, e.g. B. to eliminate Constipation, possible.

Claims (8)

1. Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen oder diskontinuierlichen Extraktion von Fest­ stoffen mit verdichteten Gasen in einem Überdruckreaktor, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reaktor mit einem oder mehreren Ultraschallschwingern versehen ist.1. Device for the continuous or discontinuous extraction of solid materials with compressed gases in a pressure reactor, characterized in that the reactor is provided with one or more ultrasonic transducers. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reaktor mit einem Siebeinsatz für das zu extrahierende Material versehen ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor with a Sieve insert is provided for the material to be extracted. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine herausnehmbare Auffangvorrichtung im nachgeschalteten Anreicherungsbehälter installiert ist.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a removable Collecting device is installed in the downstream enrichment tank. 4. Verfahren zur Extraktion von Feststoffen mit unter- oder überkritischen verdich­ teten Gasen zur Anreicherung von in Feststoffen enthaltenen Bestandteilen oder zur Reinigung der Feststoffe von unerwünschten Bestandteilen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verdichtete Gas durch Ultraschallschwingungen bewegt wird.4. Process for the extraction of solids with subcritical or supercritical compression Gases for the enrichment of constituents contained in solids or for Cleaning the solids from undesired components, characterized in that that the compressed gas is moved by ultrasonic vibrations. 5. Verfahren unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß sich das verdichtete Gas im Reaktor im überkritischen Zustand befindet.5. The method using the device according to claim 1, characterized records that the compressed gas in the reactor is in the supercritical state. 6. Verfahren unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß sich das verdichtete Gas im Reaktor im unterkritischen Zustand befindet.6. The method using the device according to claim 1, characterized records that the compressed gas in the reactor is in the subcritical state. 7. Verfahren unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die fluide Phase im Kreisprozeß zurückgewonnen wird.7. The method using the device according to claim 1, characterized records that the fluid phase is recovered in a cyclic process. 8. Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
  • - zur Anreicherung von löslichen Bestandteilen aus Feststoffen oder zur Reinigung unerwünschter löslicher Feststoffbestandteile,
  • - zur Entfettung und Reinigung von Werkstoffen aus Metall, Stein, Keramiken, Glas, Kunststoffen und/oder Holz,
  • - zur Fleckentfernung und Reinigung von Textilien,
  • - zur Behandlung von Baustoffen,
  • - zur Trennung organischer Stoffe vom Mineralstoffanteil in Asphalt,
  • - zur Entfernung oder Gewinnung von löslichen Stoffen aus Holz
  • - zur Entfernung oder Gewinnung von löslichen Stoffen aus Lebensmitteln,
  • - zur Entfernung oder Gewinnung von löslichen Stoffen aus Genußmitteln,
  • - zur Entfernung oder Gewinnung von löslichen Stoffen aus Pflanzen, Pflanzenteilen oder Pflanzenprodukten,
  • - zur Extraktion von Erdölprodukten oder
  • - zur Extraktion von Arzneimitteln.
8. Use of the device according to claim 1,
  • - for the enrichment of soluble constituents from solids or for cleaning undesirable soluble solid constituents,
  • - for degreasing and cleaning materials made of metal, stone, ceramics, glass, plastics and / or wood,
  • - for removing stains and cleaning textiles,
  • - for the treatment of building materials,
  • - to separate organic matter from the mineral content in asphalt,
  • - for the removal or extraction of soluble substances from wood
  • - for the removal or extraction of soluble substances from food,
  • - for the removal or extraction of soluble substances from luxury foods,
  • - for the removal or extraction of soluble substances from plants, parts of plants or plant products,
  • - for the extraction of petroleum products or
  • - for the extraction of medicinal products.
DE4416785A 1994-05-09 1994-05-09 Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas Withdrawn DE4416785A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4416785A DE4416785A1 (en) 1994-05-09 1994-05-09 Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4416785A DE4416785A1 (en) 1994-05-09 1994-05-09 Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4416785A1 true DE4416785A1 (en) 1995-11-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4416785A Withdrawn DE4416785A1 (en) 1994-05-09 1994-05-09 Appts. for extraction of solids with compressed gas

Country Status (1)

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DE (1) DE4416785A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828021A2 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-11 Air Liquide America Corporation Continuous cleaning apparatus and method
FR2780902A1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-14 Electrolyse L PROCESS FOR TRANSFORMING CHEMICAL STRUCTURES IN A FLUID UNDER ULTRASONIC ACTION AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
EP1542555A1 (en) * 2002-07-18 2005-06-22 Phasex Corporation Reduction of constituents in tobacco
WO2008074072A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Cavitus Pty Ltd High energy ultrasound extraction
ITRM20100171A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-10 Cosimo Gambardella PROCESS AND PLANT OF EXTRACTION OF OILS AND ESSENCES FROM ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR POSSIBLE DEODORIZATION
DE102014008947A1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-12-24 Fröwag Fröhlich + Wagner Gmbh Apparatus and method for extracting binders from road building materials
CN107837563A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-03-27 贵州浩诚药业有限公司 A kind of Chinese medicine ultrasonic wave extraction equipment and system and Chinese medicine supersonic extracting method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 47, S. 1167-1169(1955) *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828021A3 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-18 Air Liquide America Corporation Continuous cleaning apparatus and method
EP0828021A2 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-11 Air Liquide America Corporation Continuous cleaning apparatus and method
FR2780902A1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-14 Electrolyse L PROCESS FOR TRANSFORMING CHEMICAL STRUCTURES IN A FLUID UNDER ULTRASONIC ACTION AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
WO2000002821A1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-20 L'electrolyse Device for transforming chemical structures in a fluid comprising a solvent and salts by ultrasonic action
US8555895B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2013-10-15 U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Llc Reduction of constituents in tobacco
EP1542555A1 (en) * 2002-07-18 2005-06-22 Phasex Corporation Reduction of constituents in tobacco
EP1542555A4 (en) * 2002-07-18 2005-09-28 Phasex Corp Reduction of constituents in tobacco
US10045557B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2018-08-14 Us Smokeless Tobacco Co. Reduction of constituents in tobacco
US7798151B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2010-09-21 Us Smokeless Tobacco Co. Reduction of constituents in tobacco
CN101622043B (en) * 2006-12-18 2013-10-16 卡维特斯私人有限公司 High energy ultrasound extraction
US8343562B2 (en) 2006-12-18 2013-01-01 Cavitus Pty Ltd High energy ultrasound extraction method and apparatus
AU2007335247B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2011-11-17 Cavitus Pty Ltd High energy ultrasound extraction
WO2008074072A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Cavitus Pty Ltd High energy ultrasound extraction
ITRM20100171A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-10 Cosimo Gambardella PROCESS AND PLANT OF EXTRACTION OF OILS AND ESSENCES FROM ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR POSSIBLE DEODORIZATION
DE102014008947A1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-12-24 Fröwag Fröhlich + Wagner Gmbh Apparatus and method for extracting binders from road building materials
CN107837563A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-03-27 贵州浩诚药业有限公司 A kind of Chinese medicine ultrasonic wave extraction equipment and system and Chinese medicine supersonic extracting method
CN107837563B (en) * 2017-12-20 2020-01-10 贵州浩诚药业有限公司 Traditional Chinese medicine ultrasonic extraction equipment and system and traditional Chinese medicine ultrasonic extraction method

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