DE6904712U - TRANSPORT VEHICLE IN PARTICULAR LIFT TRUCKS WITH PENDULUM AXLE. - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE DIPL-ING. B, SCHMID

7 STUTTGART P.

FALBENHENNEN3TR.17 Ernst Waqner Apparatus construction Reut "! Inside (Württ.)

Transport vehicle, especially forklifts with pendulum axle

The invention relates to a transport vehicle, in particular a forklift truck with at least four wheels or support rollers with at least one axle designed as a pendulum axle is. When stacking goods at great heights, these vehicles have a particularly strong tendency to tip over. Man has therefore tried to take various measures to remedy the stability and stability of this

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Increase vehicles. A known embodiment has Support runners that are so far away from the road that they can be used on bumps and undulating ground don't get stuck. The disadvantage here is that the vehicle initially performs a certain tilting movement can take effect before the runners at all. In many cases, the tilting movement occurs when the runners hit the road is already so strong that you can no longer catch the vehicle and are simply rolled over. He = · The disadvantage mentioned also arises in the case of fixed support wheels that are arranged at a distance from the roadway.

A third known embodiment also has fixed mounted support rollers, which, however, are constantly running on the roadway. However, these vehicles are statically indeterminate truncated. In addition, the drive wheel or wheels may lift if the road surface is uneven off the ground and go crazy. To avoid this, they have to be pressed against the road with a spring will. This makes the construction very complex and correspondingly expensive.

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In order to create an improvement here, the invention is carried out in a transport vehicle of the type described proposed that the pendulum axle has a locking device. When loading or stacking the transported goods At greater heights, the pendulum axle is fixed, thereby reducing the vehicle's tendency to tip. In those cases in which you do not want to forego the advantages of the pendulum axle, for example with If you drive on uneven ground, the lock is released. The pendulum axle can be both the impellers as well as carrying the support rollers.

In the case of a forklift truck, 1n is a further development of the invention the locking device for the axle with a switching device controllable by the lifting movement of the load carrier tied together. If the load carrier is extended or moved beyond a certain minimum, it is actuated the switching device automatically the locking device and

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thereby prevents the pendulum motion of the axis. The forklift In this way, increased stability is obtained, which means that stacking at great heights can be carried out safely. Through the Forced control of the delivery device via the movement of the lifting mast is to improve the lateral stability of the vehicle regardless of the reliability of the operating personnel.

In a particularly preferred embodiment the locking device from outside the pivot point of the pendulum axis pivotable push rod articulated on the pendulum axle, as well as one coupled to it Piston and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder spaces on both sides of the piston connected via a lockable line.

When the line is shut off, there is an overflow of the hydraulic fluid prevented by the cylinder chamber located in front of the piston behind. This makes the movement of the Piston and, as a result, also that of the push rod and the pendulum axis are blocked. In addition, this version offers

form has the additional advantage that the vehicle axle can be locked in any Pendelstellunq. The shut-off device for the line of the locking device is more appropriate Way arranged on the lifting device of the forklift and is thus closed or opened by the movement of the lifting mast. The control can be interpreted as that the valve is only closed when the lift mast is extended by a certain amount. Around To dampen the pendulum motion of the axis, is in a further embodiment of the invention in the lockable line a particularly adjustable throttle member is arranged. The latter leaves only one of its opening widths per unit of time corresponding amount of hydraulic fluid from the pour one into the other end of the cylinder. The throttle element can of course also be designed to be adjustable will.

Another advantage of the invention is that the line can be shut off by a solenoid valve. the Locking of the pendulum axis can thus be achieved by

Achieve times the button pressure. Another functional one The solution is to shut off the line by means of a hydraulically controlled valve. In this case too can be operated by lever or button or through an automatic control shut off the valve.

In a further embodiment of the invention are the support rollers Swiveling connected to the pendulum axle via longitudinal supports and the longitudinal supports in guides of the transport vehicle slidably mounted. The support rollers do not protrude beyond the lateral contour of the vehicle. This achieves on the one hand an unhindered transport and on the other hand a maximally wide track and thus an optimal tipping safety. The pivotable connection The longitudinal supports with the pendulum axis, in conjunction with the guides for the longitudinal supports, make this possible perfect oscillation of the axis. By corresponding AB-blocking the mentioned line of the locking device

the pendulum movement can be prevented if necessary. For this purpose, according to a further feature of the invention, one of the longitudinal supports is connected to the hydraulic system Coupled push rod.

So that the vehicle can negotiate uneven spots, In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the support rollers are designed to be height-adjustable. Particularly The hydraulic height adjustment of the support rollers is practical. Another advantageous variant of the invention Lies in the fact that everyone is supported by an am Piston attacking your hydraulic height adjustment device Spring held about 1n its raised end position 1st. Since the hydraulic height adjustment device 1m consists essentially of a single-acting hydraulic unit, can by means of a correspondingly high pressure of the hydraulic medium Overcome the force of the spring and the support role be extended. The support rollers remain in normal Driving mode In their raised position and are only used in If necessary, for example when loading or stacking

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travel. The extension can depend on the driving speed or the lifting of the load. To make slight up and down movements of the support roller also in their extended end position - that is, when they allow to rest on the ground, points in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the piston rod connected to the support roller of the hydraulic piston of the height adjustment device an elastic intermediate member, in particular one Rubber ring on.

According to a further feature of the invention, the support points or lines of the support roller and the associated one lie Running wheels roughly on a straight line, which means that the support wheels, so to speak, widen the track entail. The supporting roles are more advantageous Coupled with the assigned steered wheels by a forced steering, whereby every steering movement of the Kaufra'der is also carried out automatically by the support rollers.

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The locking device for the support rollers or wheels is in a further embodiment of the invention via a driving speed-dependent switching device controllable, the blocking position being assigned to a certain minimum speed. From a certain The pendulum axle is locked at travel speed and remains there even if the speed is increased further in this blocked position. Only when the driving speed drops below this minimum value is the Pendulum axis released again.

According to a further feature of the invention, in a forklift truck, the hydraulic cylinder is the lifting device with the cylinders the height adjustment device of the support rollers when connected in parallel hydraulically connected. So if the hydraulic cylinder of the lifting device is applied and is located the reversing valve in the "open" position so fill up at the same time also the cylinders of the height adjustment device of the rollers, whereby the latter are extended.

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The switching of the reversing valve from the "open" - 1n the "Closed" position, in which the medium passes through the reversing valve can also flow back into the container can be controlled depending on speed or lift height. The control would have to be designed so that the rollers be extended when extending the mast and when loading and unloading. The effective piston area of the The piston of the lifting device is advantageously smaller or equal to that of the piston for the height adjustment of the support rollers. In this way one achieves that even with low pressure in the cylinder of the lifting device the support rollers will be extended with certainty,

Various exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing of the invention shown.

Show it:

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FIG. 1 shows a pendulum axle with a locking device according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention a pendulum axle for two support rollers,

Figure 3 is a plan view of a forklift with a pendulum axle according to Figure 2,

Figure * a side view of the stacker of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a plan view of a schematically illustrated Forklift with four rollers and two support rollers,

FIG. 6 a hydraulic locking and actuating device for one with a lifting cylinder of the forklift connected support roller.

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The pendulum axis 1 can be pivoted about its support point 2. It carries two wheels or rollers 3, 4. On the left A bearing block 5 is arranged at the side end of the axle 1, in which a push rod 6 is pivotably mounted 7 1st. The push rod 6 carries a piston 8, which together forms a hydraulic unit Io with a cylinder 9. The push rod 6 and the hydraulic unit Io form the Locking device 11 for the pendulum axle. 1. To this Purpose, the cylinder 9 is designed as a double-acting cylinder with two feeds 12, 13. Both are over a line 14 is connected to a shut-off device 15. as The shut-off device can be either a solenoid valve or a hydraulically controllable valve. The control can be done manually or automatically by moving the vehicle or a vehicle part. In the drawn Position is the piston 8 and thus also the pendulum axis in a central position. For example the wheel 3 is raised in the direction of arrow 16, so pushes the

Push rod 6 also moves piston 8 upwards and the pressure oil flows from the upper cylinder chamber 17 via the line 14 into the lower cylinder chamber 18. A throttle element, not shown in detail, built into the line prevents it too rapid a flow and thus too sudden a pivoting movement of the pendulum axis. Will the line 14 locked, s * no oil can be transferred from room 17 to 18 or vice versa and the pendulum axis is locked.

In Figure 2, the pendulum axle is via two bearing journals 19, 2o each pivotably connected to a longitudinal support 23 or 24 carrying a support roller 21 or 22. The longitudinal supports are slidably mounted in guides 25, 26. With the longitudinal support 25, the Shcubstanne 6 is firmly connected or manufactured in one piece. The latter forms the locking device together with the hydraulic unit Io 11 for the pendulum axle 1. 27 is a roller of the three-wheeled forklift (Figure 3). She is in not shown in more detail resiliently pressed against the roadway.

Fiqur 6 shows a hydraulic height adjustment for the support roller. In a hydraulic cylinder 28 is a Piston 29 acted on on one side and mounted displaceably, which is connected to the support roller 21 via a piston socket 3o is. A spiral compression spring 31 is supported on the inside on the bottom 32 of the hydraulic cylinder and on the underside

33 of the piston 29 and pushes the latter in the direction of the arrow

34 up. An elastic intermediate member 35 is built into the piston rod 3o, which allows slight up and down movements the support roller 21 allows. The piston 29 can be acted upon via a line 36. With enough great pressure, the force of the spring 31 is overcome and the support roller entgeqen the direction of arrow 34 downwards extend.

The cylinder 28 is connected to the lifting cylinder 37 in FIG. 4 shown Rabe! -Handstaplers Darallel switched so that with the valve 39 open, when the lifting mast 38 is extended, the support feet 21, 22 are also extended automatically. This increases the lateral stability of the stacker substantially improved.

Instead of the tilt axis A-B (Figure 5), the tilt axis now occurs AWAY. The cylinder can be emptied via a reversing valve 39. The provision is again carried out by the spring 31. A check valve 4o prevents an unintentional The pressure medium flows back and the support rollers are thus lifted off the floor 41.

The effective piston area 42 of the reciprocating piston is smaller than the 43 of the piston 29, so that already a lower Pressure in the lifting cylinder is sufficient to extend the support roller. The valve 39 can be controlled by the lifting mast itself will.

Claims (18)

Expectations 1. Transport vehicle in particular forklift with at least four wheels or support rollers, at least one The axle is designed as a pendulum axle, characterized in that the pendulum axle (1) has a locking device (11). 2. Lifting truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device (11) for the axis (1) with a controllable from the lifting movement of the load carrier Switching device is connected. 3. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that that the locking device (11) from an outside of the pendulum axis pivot point (2) pivotable on the pendulum axis articulated push rod (6) and a therewith coupled piston (8) and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (9), the two sides 890471219.4.73 of the piston (8) lying cylinder spaces (17, IR)
via a lockable line (14) in connection
stand. 4. Forklift truck according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that that the shut-off element (15, 39) for the line (14) is arranged on the lifting device of the forklift. 5. Vehicle according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that a particularly adjustable throttle element is arranged in the lockable line (14). 6. Vehicle according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized
characterized in that the line (14) can be shut off by a solenoid valve. 7. Vehicle according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that that the line (14) can be shut off by a hydraulically controlled valve. 890471219.4.73 8. Vehicle characterized in that the support rollers (21, 22) via longitudinal supports f23, 24) pivotably connected to the pendulum axis (1) and the longitudinal supports are slidably mounted in guides (25, 26) of the transport vehicle. 9. Vehicle according to claim R, characterized in that one of the longitudinal connectors Γ23, 24) _{is coupled to the hydraulic #} (lo) connected to the push rod (6). Lo.Fahrzeug according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized characterized in that the support rollers (21, 22) are individually adjustable in height. 11.Fahrzeug according to claim lo, characterized in that the support rollers ("21, 22) are hydraulically adjustable in height. - 19 - 12. Vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that each support roller (21, 22) by one on the piston (29) of your hydraulic height adjustment device engaging spring (31) is held about 1n in its raised end position. 13. Vehicle according to one of claims Io to 12, characterized characterized in that connected to the support roller (21) Piston rod (3o) of the hydraulic piston (29) of the Höhene1nstellvorr1chtung an elastic intermediate member (35), in particular has a rubber ring. 14. Vehicle according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized characterized in that the support points or lines of the support rollers (21, 22) and the associated running wheels (3, 4) Hegen roughly on a straight line. 15. Vehicle according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized characterized in that the support rollers (21, 22) with the assigned steered Lsufwheels by a forced steering are coupled. 1 * 04712 - 2ο - 16. Vehicle according to one of claims 8 to 15, characterized characterized in that the locking device (11) for the support rollers (21, 22) or running wheels (3, 4) via a speed-dependent switching device is controllable, with a certain minimum speed of the vehicle blocking is assigned to the axis. 17. Forklift according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (37) the lifting device with the cylinders (28) of the height adjustment device the support rollers (21, 22) at parallel circuit is hydraulically connected. 18. Stacker according to claim 17, characterized in that the effective piston surface (42) of the piston Lifting device (37) is smaller than or equal to that of the piston (29) for the height adjustment of the Support rollers. 5904712114.71