DE666353C - Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium by reducing magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon - Google Patents
Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium by reducing magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of siliconInfo
- Publication number
- DE666353C DE666353C DEI55996D DEI0055996D DE666353C DE 666353 C DE666353 C DE 666353C DE I55996 D DEI55996 D DE I55996D DE I0055996 D DEI0055996 D DE I0055996D DE 666353 C DE666353 C DE 666353C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- silicon
- raw materials
- containing raw
- help
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001515 alkali metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001618 alkaline earth metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur thermischen Gewinnung von Magnesium durch Reduktion von magnesiahaltigen Rohstoffen mit Hilfe von Silicium Bei der thermischen Reduktion von magnesiahaltigen Rohstoffen mit Hilfe von Silicium bei Temperaturen unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Reaktionsrückstände, sei es unter gewöhnlichem Druck in einer Wasserstoffatmosphäre oder im Vakuum, und zwar insbesondere, wenn das Reaktionsgemisch in Form von gepreßten Formkörpern vorliegt, ist beobachtet worden, daß die Reaktion nicht mit gleichförmiger Geschwindigkeit fortschreitet, sondern sich im Verlaufe der Zeit mehr und mehr verlangsamt. Auch eine Erhöhung der Temperatur des Reaktionsgemisches gegen Ende der Reaktion vermag eine wesentliche Beschleunigung derselben nicht herbeizuführen und bringt die Gefahr mit sich, daß unter Umständen Teile des Reaktionsgemisches bzw. der Rückstände zum Schmelzen gelangen können, was unerwünscht ist.Process for the thermal production of magnesium by reduction of magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon During thermal reduction of magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon at temperatures below the melting point of the reaction residues, be it under normal pressure in a Hydrogen atmosphere or in a vacuum, especially when the reaction mixture is in the form of molded articles, it has been observed that the reaction does not advance at a steady rate, but progresses the time slows down more and more. Also an increase in the temperature of the reaction mixture towards the end of the reaction it is unable to accelerate it substantially and brings with it the risk that parts of the reaction mixture under certain circumstances or the residues can melt, which is undesirable.
Es wurde nun beobachtet, daß ein Zusatz von Fluoriden der Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetalle zum Reaktionsgemisch in geringen Mengen zu einer erheblichen Beschleunigung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, insbesondere bei fortgeschrittener Erschöpfung des Reaktionsgemisches, beiträgt. Die Menge dieses Fluorid'zusatzes kann sich zwischen 0,5 und 5 °/a des eigentlichen Reaktionsgemisches bewegen, während eine Überschreitung dieser Höchstgrenze sich bereits wieder nachteilig auszuwirken beginnt. Die besten Ergebnisse werden mit einem Fluoridzusatz von etwa 2 °/o erzielt.It has now been observed that the addition of fluorides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals to the reaction mixture in small amounts contributes to a considerable acceleration of the reaction rate, in particular when the reaction mixture is exhausted. The amount of this fluoride addition can range between 0.5 and 5% / a of the actual reaction mixture, while exceeding this maximum limit already begins to have a disadvantageous effect again. The best results are obtained with a fluoride addition of about 2%.
Am günstigsten wirkt, wie gefunden wurde, ein Zusatz von Kryolith. In der Wirksamkeit folgen hierauf die Fluoride der Alkalimetalle Natrium und Kalium; die Fluoride der Erdalkalien, insbesondere Calciumfluorid und Magnesiumfluorid, wirken ebenfalls günstig, wobei sich die Verwendung des Flußspats, insbesondere wegen seiner Billigkeit, empfiehlt.It has been found that the addition of cryolite works best. In terms of effectiveness, this is followed by the fluorides of the alkali metals sodium and potassium; the fluorides of the alkaline earths, especially calcium fluoride and magnesium fluoride, also have a beneficial effect, with the use of fluorspar, in particular because of its cheapness, recommends.
Weiter wurde beobachtet, daß ein Zusatz von Fluoriden zum Reaktionsgemisch gemäß der Erfindung bei Verwendung der Ausgangsmischungen in der Form von gepreßten Formkörpern, insbesondere bei solchen Gemischen, in denen auf q. Mol Base (Mägnesiumoxyd bzw. Magnesiumoxyd -E- Calciumoxyd) höchstens ein Mol Silicium kommt, die Wirkung hat, daß der Reaktionsrückstand, der in diesem Fall im wesentlichen aus Dicalciumsilicat besteht, in pulveriger Form anfällt. Ohne einen Zusatz von Fluoriden hinterbleiben diese Rückstände beim Erkalten wenigstens teilweise in stückiger Form. Liegt aber der Reaktionsrückstand ausschließlich in Pulverform vor, so wird die Austragung desselben aus dem Öfen und insbesondere die Ausschleusung desselben aus einem mit Unterdruck betriebenen Ofen wesentlich erleichtert. Beispiel In einem Drehrohrofen wurde im ununterbrochenen Verfahren bei z330 ° C in einer Wasserstdffatmosphäre ein zu Preßkörpern verformtes Gemisch von 87,5°/o Dolomit und 12,3°/o Ferrosilicium (93°/oig) verarbeitet. Die chemische Untersuchung des in stückiger Form anfallenden Rückstandes ergäb einen durchschnittlichen Umsetzungsgrad des angewendeten Siliciums von 73°/a. Wurde dagegen die gleiche Mischung unter Zusatz von 2 °/o Flußspat, zu-Formkörpern gepreßt, verarbeitet, so betrug der durchschnittliche Umsetzungsgrad des in Pulverform ausgetragenen Rückstandes bei der gleichen Durchlaufsgeschwindigkeit im Mittel 9504. It was also observed that an addition of fluorides to the reaction mixture according to the invention when using the starting mixtures in the form of pressed moldings, especially in those mixtures in which q. Mol base (magnesium oxide or magnesium oxide -E- calcium oxide) at most one mole of silicon comes into play, which has the effect that the reaction residue, which in this case consists essentially of dicalcium silicate, is obtained in powder form. Without the addition of fluorides, these residues remain at least partially in lump form when they cool. However, if the reaction residue is exclusively in powder form, the discharge of the same from the furnace and, in particular, the discharge of the same from a furnace operated with negative pressure is made much easier. EXAMPLE A mixture of 87.5% dolomite and 12.3% ferrosilicon (93%), shaped into pressed bodies, was processed in a rotary kiln in an uninterrupted process at about 330 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. The chemical analysis of the residue, which was obtained in lump form, showed an average degree of conversion of the silicon used of 73% / a. If, on the other hand, the same mixture was processed with the addition of 2% fluorspar, pressed into shaped bodies, the average degree of conversion of the residue discharged in powder form at the same flow rate was 9504 on average.
Die Verwendung von Calciumfluorid bei der thermischen Gewinnung von Magnesium ist bereits früher zu dem Zwecke- vorgeschlagen worden, die Verschlackung der in flüssiger Form anfallenden Reaktionsrückstände zwecks leichterer Entfernung derselben aus dem Ofen zu befördern. Diesem Vorschlage konnte man aber nicht entnehmen, daß die Gegenwart von Fluoriden die Umsetzungsgeschwindigkeit erhöht, noh ist eine solche Erhöhung von Bedeutung, wäa;@; man, wie bei dem älteren Vorschlag, bei Te`" `eraturen arbeitet, die zu geschmolzenen R##lionsrückständen führen, da bei jenen höheren Temperaturen die Reaktion, auch in Abwesenheit von Fluoriden, mit ausreichender Geschwindigkeit verläuft.The use of calcium fluoride in the thermal extraction of Magnesium has been suggested earlier for the purpose of slagging the reaction residues in liquid form for easier removal to convey the same out of the oven. However, one could not infer from this suggestion that that the presence of fluorides increases the rate of conversion is noh such an increase in importance, wäa; @; as with the older proposal, with Te` " works that lead to molten R ## lion residues, as with those higher temperatures the reaction, even in the absence of fluoride, with sufficient Speed runs.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEI55996D DE666353C (en) | 1936-09-24 | 1936-09-24 | Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium by reducing magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEI55996D DE666353C (en) | 1936-09-24 | 1936-09-24 | Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium by reducing magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE666353C true DE666353C (en) | 1938-10-17 |
Family
ID=7194257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEI55996D Expired DE666353C (en) | 1936-09-24 | 1936-09-24 | Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium by reducing magnesia-containing raw materials with the help of silicon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE666353C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1083551B (en) * | 1955-06-07 | 1960-06-15 | Knapsack Ag | Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium |
-
1936
- 1936-09-24 DE DEI55996D patent/DE666353C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1083551B (en) * | 1955-06-07 | 1960-06-15 | Knapsack Ag | Process for the thermal extraction of magnesium |
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