DE658995C - Process for the production of metallic titanium - Google Patents

Process for the production of metallic titanium

Info

Publication number
DE658995C
DE658995C DED73464D DED0073464D DE658995C DE 658995 C DE658995 C DE 658995C DE D73464 D DED73464 D DE D73464D DE D0073464 D DED0073464 D DE D0073464D DE 658995 C DE658995 C DE 658995C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
titanium
alkali metal
chloride
salt bath
salt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DED73464D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Hermann Freudenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to DED73464D priority Critical patent/DE658995C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE658995C publication Critical patent/DE658995C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1263Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
    • C22B34/1268Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams
    • C22B34/1272Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams reduction of titanium halides, e.g. Kroll process

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischem Titan Es ist bekannt, Titanmetall durch Reduktion von Titanchlorid mit metallischem Natrium zu erzeugen. Dieses Verfahren bietet den Nachteil, daß das sich bildende Natriumchlorid metallisches Natrium einhüllt und dadurch gehindert wird, sich an der Reaktion zu beteiligen. Man erhält ein Gemenge von Kochsalz, metallischem Natrium und metallischem Titan, dessen Aufarbeitung insbesondere infolge Anwesenheit unveränderten Natriummetalls eine unangenehme Arbeit bedeutet.Process for the production of metallic titanium It is known to use titanium metal by reducing titanium chloride with metallic sodium. This method has the disadvantage that the sodium chloride which forms envelops metallic sodium and thereby prevented from participating in the reaction. A mixture is obtained of table salt, metallic sodium and metallic titanium, especially its processing is unpleasant work due to the presence of unchanged sodium metal.

Nach vorliegender Erfindung wird Titanmetall durch Einwirkung von metallischem Alkali, insbesondere Natrium, auf Titanchlorid, vorzugsweise Titantetrachlorid, dadurch hergestellt, daß ein aus Alkalihalogenid oder Erdalkalihalogenid oder beiden bestehendes Salzbad mit dem Alkalimetall überschichtet und das zu reduzierende Titanchlorid dem Alkalimetall, in geeigneter Weise, vorzugsweise durch Einführung in die unter Alkalimetall befindliche Salzschmelze, zugeführt wird.According to the present invention, titanium metal is formed by the action of metallic alkali, especially sodium, on titanium chloride, preferably titanium tetrachloride, made by one of alkali halide or alkaline earth halide or both existing salt bath covered with the alkali metal and the titanium chloride to be reduced the alkali metal, in a suitable manner, preferably by introduction into the below Molten salt contained in alkali metal, is supplied.

Die Temperatur des Schmelzbades bzw. des darübergeschichteten Alkalimetalls kann auf etwa 7oo bis 8oo° gehalten werden. Das Titanchl.orid (Titantetrachlorid) kann in Dampfform oder auch in flüssiger Form in die Salzschmelze eingeführt werden. Der in der Salzschmelze hochsteigende Titanchloriddampf reagiert beim Zusammentreffen mit Alkalimetall unter starker Wärmeentwicklung.The temperature of the molten bath or the alkali metal layered over it can be kept at about 7oo to 8oo °. The titanium torid (titanium tetrachloride) can be introduced into the molten salt in vapor form or in liquid form. The titanium chloride vapor rising up in the molten salt reacts when they meet with alkali metal with strong heat development.

Vorteilhaft wird das Alkalimetall, z. B. Natrium, in Bewegung gehalten. Dies kann z. B. durch Umrühren mit einem Rührer, gegebenenfalls unter Zuhilfenahme von inerten Gasen, geschehen.The alkali metal, e.g. B. sodium, kept moving. This can e.g. B. by stirring with a stirrer, if necessary with the aid of inert gases.

Um eine Oxydation des Alkalimetalls zu verhindern, arbeitet man zweckmäßig in inerter Atmosphäre, z. B. einer Wasserstoffatmosphäre. Der Deckel des Reaktionsgefäßes dient dabei auch zur Kondensation der bei hohen Temperaturen sich bildenden Alkalimetalldämpfe.In order to prevent oxidation of the alkali metal, it is advisable to work in an inert atmosphere, e.g. B. a hydrogen atmosphere. The lid of the reaction vessel also serves to condense the alkali metal vapors that form at high temperatures.

Das Schmelzbad besteht vorzugsweise aus Alkalichlorid oder Mischungen von Alkalichlorid und Erdalkalichlorid. Chlorkalium bietet den Vorteil, daß es mit dem bei der Reaktion sich bildenden Natriumchlorid ein verhältnismäßig niedrig schmelzendes Eutektikum bildet, wodurch man in der Lage ist, die Temperatur der Salzbadschmelze verhältnisriiäßig niedrig zu halten.The molten bath preferably consists of alkali chloride or mixtures of alkali chloride and alkaline earth chloride. Potassium chlorine has the advantage that it is with the sodium chloride that forms during the reaction has a relatively low melting point Eutectic forms, whereby one is able to control the temperature of the salt bath melt to keep it relatively low.

Die Erfindung gestattet die Durchführung des Verfahrens, ohne daß Störungen, wie Umhüllungen des Alkalimetalls durch Kochsalz, Verkrustungen u. dgl., auftreten. Das angewendete Alkalimetall kann infolgedessen praktisch vollständig ausgenutzt werden. Beispiel 6 kg Kaliuinchlorid und i o kg Natrium werden in einem zylindrischen Eisengefäß, aus dem die Luft durch Wasserstoff verdräet worden ist, eingeschmolzen. Nachdem in jeü: Schmelze eine Temperatur von etwa erreicht worden ist, werden 2o,6 kg Titantetrachlorid durch. ein in die Salzschmelz mündendes Einleitungsrohr eingeleitet. Das auf der Salzschmelze schwimmende Alkalimetall wird mit Hilfe eines Rührwerks gleichmäßig durchgerührt. Bei Beginn des Einleitens des Titantetrachlorids wird die Wärmezufuhr derart gedrosselt, daß bis zu Ende der Reaktion die Temperatur in dem Salzbad nicht über goo° hinausgeht. Nach Beendigung des Einleitens und Erkalten der Masse wird diese zerkleinert und das gebildeteTitanmetall durch Auslaugen mit Wasser von anhaftendem Salz befreit. Durch Nachbehandlung mit etwas Salzsäure kann man etwa vorhandene geringe Mengen an Fremdmetall herauslösen.The invention allows the method to be carried out without Disturbances such as coating of the alkali metal by table salt, incrustations, etc., appear. As a result, the alkali metal used can be practically completely be exploited. Example 6 kg of potassium chloride and 10 kg of sodium are in a cylindrical iron vessel, from which the air is digested by hydrogen has been melted down. After in each: melt has reached a temperature of about has been, 2o.6 kg of titanium tetrachloride are through. one that opens into the molten salt Introductory pipe initiated. The alkali metal floating on the molten salt becomes evenly mixed with the help of a stirrer. When initiating the Titanium tetrachloride, the heat supply is throttled so that until the end of the reaction the temperature in the salt bath does not exceed goo °. After completing the initiation and cooling of the mass, it is crushed and the titanium metal formed through Leaching with water freed from adhering salt. After treatment with something Hydrochloric acid can be used to dissolve any small amounts of foreign metal that may be present.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRTICIIr: i. Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischem Titan durch Einwirkung von Alkalimetallen, insbesondere Natrium auf Tit@nileric#. vorzugsweise Titantetrachlorid, 'dä@. t ch` ekennzeichnet, daß ein aus Alkäiihald@-enid oder Erdalkalihalogenid oder b6iä@ii'r"A'estehendes Salzbad mit dem Alkalimetall überschichtet und das Titanchlorid durch, das auf höheren Temperaturen, z. B. 7oo bis gooU, vorzugsweise 700 bis 8oo°, gehaltene Salzbad hindurch, vorzugsweise durch Einführung dampfförmigen Titanchlorids in die Salzschicht, dem Alkalimetall zugeführt wird. PATENT APPLICATION: i. Process for the production of metallic titanium due to the action of alkali metals, especially sodium, on Tit @ nileric #. preferably Titanium tetrachloride, 'dä @. t ch` e denotes that a from Alkäiihald @ -enid or Alkaline earth halide or b6iä @ ii'r "A 'standing salt bath covered with the alkali metal and the titanium chloride, which at higher temperatures, e.g. B. 700 to gooU, preferably 700 to 800 °, maintained salt bath through, preferably by introducing vapor Titanium chloride in the salt layer to which the alkali metal is added. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Salzbad ganz oder zum größten Teil aus Kaliumchlorid besteht. 2. Procedure according to claim i, characterized in that the salt bath wholly or for the most part consists of potassium chloride. 3. Verfahren nach Ansprüchen i und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Alkalimetallschmelze während der Einführung des Titanchlorids, z. B. durch Rühren, in Bewegung gehalten wird.3. The method according to claims i and 2, characterized in that that the alkali metal melt during the introduction of the titanium chloride, e.g. B. by Stir, kept moving.
DED73464D 1936-09-11 1936-09-11 Process for the production of metallic titanium Expired DE658995C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED73464D DE658995C (en) 1936-09-11 1936-09-11 Process for the production of metallic titanium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED73464D DE658995C (en) 1936-09-11 1936-09-11 Process for the production of metallic titanium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE658995C true DE658995C (en) 1938-04-21

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1027881B (en) * 1951-11-01 1958-04-10 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1051512B (en) * 1953-08-11 1959-02-26 Nat Res Corp Process for the production of titanium
DE1081673B (en) * 1955-12-07 1960-05-12 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1086440B (en) * 1955-07-04 1960-08-04 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1094465B (en) * 1956-01-27 1960-12-08 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1130604B (en) * 1956-03-13 1962-05-30 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1027881B (en) * 1951-11-01 1958-04-10 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1051512B (en) * 1953-08-11 1959-02-26 Nat Res Corp Process for the production of titanium
DE1086440B (en) * 1955-07-04 1960-08-04 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1081673B (en) * 1955-12-07 1960-05-12 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1094465B (en) * 1956-01-27 1960-12-08 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium
DE1130604B (en) * 1956-03-13 1962-05-30 Ici Ltd Process for the production of titanium

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