DE642219C - Peeling and grinding machine for grain, legumes or other peeled goods - Google Patents

Description

Peeling and grinding machine for grain, pulses or other items Peeled material In many machines for freeing cereal grains or the like from the shell the material to be peeled is between a circumferential grinding surface and a grinding surface that is arranged parallel to it Tool moved, moved, and individual guide channels were also arranged over the grinding surface. While in the first-mentioned embodiments only the grains against the grinding surface be thrown or held down against them, so no individual treatment is possible the spring-loaded 'hold down of the peeled product has the disadvantage of getting dusty to become ineffective.

With the invention, a new approach is taken, the peeled material between two parts moved past each other, namely a grinding surface and parallel to it located leadership bodies, too. keep these guides as close to the Abrasive surface stand so that the grains cannot pass underneath. they are but provided with recesses adapted to the size of the grain, so that each grain individually must slide through these openings facing the grinding surface and during this short time from the grinding surface from the shell freed and rotated around its own axis. The embodiment is possible with a standing guide and a grinding surface moved past it or vice versa, or both parts move at different speeds depending on how it is Quality of the 'peeled product requires. The grinding surface can have a flat circular disk horizontal or vertical axis or a cylinder surface with inner or outer Be abrasive; you can make the grinding surface the shape of a cone or otherwise give a rotating body, but it can also be an endless band that is attached to the Guide tools is moved past.

Some of the main forms of peeling devices are shown in the drawing of the invention shown, however, many can also be practical good usable arrangements between the guide tools and the grinding surface carry out.

It shows: Fig. R the top view of a peeling disk with eight different ones Arrangement of the guide bands, depending on the associated vertical center section, Fig.3 a vertical section according to A-A of Fig. R, Fig. Q. the right angle. Section according to B-B of Fig.r, the last two pictures approximately natural size, Fig.5 shows a vertical section similar to Fig.3 with guide rings instead of bands, Fig. 5 is a top view of a piece of a peeling device with approximately radial guide bands, Fig.7 the schematic vertical section through a peeling machine with endless Sanding belt, Fig.8 a cylindrical sanding drum with circular Guide bands and Fig. 9 a cylindrical peeling device, whose Peel bands run on the circumference in the direction of the generatrix of the cylinder. .

To remove the shell in the sense of the invention, the steps shown in Fig. 3 and d. with% a 'marked grains held between the guide belts b and the grinding wheel c moved past them, but moved; for this purpose, the guides b are provided with recesses d of the passage of the grain of a corresponding size, while the rest of the belts b come so close to the grinding wheel c that any other path is blocked for the material to be peeled. On the side of the belts b facing away from the grinding surface, the space is closed in a known manner by a sieve e or the like and the housing f (Fig. 2) located above it is connected to the suction, so that the abrasion produced during peeling is suctioned off While the peeled material has to make its way through the openings (i. The cause of this movement is mostly the centrifugal force, which is finitely transmitted to the grinding wheel as a result of the temporary contact with the grinding wheel. The relative movement of the disk c with respect to the belts b and the grains a is denoted by G in Fig. q., while the movement of the grain under the belts is perpendicular to it in space and illustrated by arrow D (Fig. 3).

The peeled material a remains between the individual guide bands for a long time b until each grain has found the passage. From the edges of the recess d held for a short time, it is peeled off by the passing disc c. Simultaneously but it is also turned off the disc, i.e. sanded off in several places, until it comes to the next room where the game repeats itself. Depending on the type of the peeled material bind as many guide bands arranged one behind the other until one whole peeled grain falls from the disc.

The. emerging concerns that crushing or crushing the Peeled material would occur and which are probably the cause that such facilities not attempted, have proven to be unfounded in practice proven.

Figure 5 shows, instead of flat guide bands, profiled rings with progressively changing cross-sections that the passage opening is also reduced by the amount of peeling. Above the disc c is only a ring b1 of large, z. B. angular cross-section with the passage opening d; the next ring b2. is a little smaller in the cross section and in the lower thigh; b3 no longer has a transverse leg, and the following paring rings b4 and b5: 'are getting smaller and smaller in cross-section, as can also be seen in the illustration as the gradual reduction in size of the passage openings d on the guide rings b1 to 5l.

Fig. 2 shows schematically a grinding machine for peeling, consisting from a horizontally rotating grinding wheel c, which is held by the axis 1i and in rotation -; is replaced; at g the peeled material is poured in from above, which is distributed on the circumference of the funnel i and through the recesses on the Underside of the guide belts b over the grinding wheel c migrates to the outside to be collected as a finished peeled product in the housing and removed at k.

How such guide bands or rings above the grinding wheel c can be arranged, show eight examples in the different fields of the circular disc in Fig. i.

Embodiment E shows coaxially extending guide strips in front of the introduction funnel i to the outer edge. In the example l # is already this Radial peeling path divided into two parts by adding new material for both i: and il is fed. In version G, the guide bands run as straight radial rays; the rotation is chosen to be slower because the grains are lying on the disk c at the same time must be taken under the passage openings of the belts; the lesser one Centrifugal force simultaneously transports the grain to the edge. According to the representation of H the width of the peeling path is divided by a coaxially extending partition hl. Both parts are fed separately via the funnels 1a '= and h-. For example l the guide bands run in a gentle curve, steeper from the inside to the outside becoming. Example K shows the bands bent in short wavy lines, where L are they are jagged and shaped in a double curved line at M.

In the case of bands and rings running radially or similarly, it is also possible the grinding wheel be provided with coaxially extending grooves, which are then exactly under the coaxially arranged passage openings of all bands move and achieve an increased peeling effect.

In the case of radially arranged guide bands, they can be pivoted together of all outer stops of the belts in the circle of the setting angle are changed, with which the peeling effect can be regulated while the machine is running.

In Fig. 6 an arrangement of the guide belts bi is shown with radial rays inclined slightly against the direction of rotation; the radius is denoted by Q and the angle by a; so the peeled material experiences an increased pressure against the bands b1. The entire width of the peeling surface is divided into three zones N, O and P, with coaxially running guide rings m, i2., O and p without openings reaching right up to the grinding surface; Likewise, the entire circumference is divided into several peeling compartments by seamless radial bands. Separate feed hoppers, e.g. B. NI, P1, 0l, and the peeled product is completely removed in each division separated by radial and coaxial guides. This shows the high performance a peeling machine can have when all hoppers are loaded independently.

A different embodiment is shown in Fig.7, according to which the abrasive is applied to a flexible band r, which is located under the guide bands s, carried by the disks R, R1, moved. S are the filling funnels and e a sieve, through which the abrasion, but not the grain, can be removed.

Another arrangement is shown in Fig. 8, in which the grinding cylinder T effective on its outside and from coaxially extending guide bands t is surrounded. The example shows the bands t as a gently rising helix, to convey the peeled product on. T1 is the filling funnel.

As shown in Fig. 9, the guide bands u run parallel, or as shown, slightly inclined to the generating line of the grinding cylinder U, the 'on End is provided with a funnel U1, which is at the highest point above the cylinder center extends.

Instead of, as previously assumed, the guide belts and the abrasive moved, it can also be the other way around, or move the two parts against each other or in the same sense at different speeds to get special To achieve peeling effects due to the hardness of the product or the shell, by the amount and thickness of the formwork or the like. May be conditioned.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Peeling and grinding machine for grain, pulses or other items to be peeled, in which the items to be peeled are between Peeling tools, namely a grinding surface and guide bodies at the same distance therefrom, moves, characterized in that the guide body as rigid bands or Rings extend close to the grinding surface and at this edge with passage openings of about the size of the grain to be peeled, through which the peeled material passed individually and with rotation between the grinding surface and the edges the passage openings is freed from the shell. z. Peeling and grinding machine according to claim i, characterized in that on the one facing away from the grinding surface Side of the guide bands or rings is a sieve through which in known Way the abrasion is sucked through. 3. peeling and grinding machine according to claim i, characterized in that the passage openings in the successive Reduce guide bands or rings by the size of the formwork. q .. peeling and Grinding machine according to claim i, characterized in that the grinding surface with concentric grooves is provided, while the guide bands are approximately radially and the passage openings are arranged in them exactly above the grooves. 5. Peeling and grinding machine according to claim i, characterized in that the grinding wheel is smooth and the guide bands above it as straight or curved, wavy or zigzag radial rays are arranged. 6. Peeling and grinding machine according to claims i and 5, characterized in that between the radial or guide strips or rings running in the same axis are also shaped guide surfaces without passage openings, which divide the whole peeling space into separate, Separate unrelated peeling compartments.