DE605733C - Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters - Google Patents

Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters

Info

Publication number
DE605733C
DE605733C DEI44848D DEI0044848D DE605733C DE 605733 C DE605733 C DE 605733C DE I44848 D DEI44848 D DE I44848D DE I0044848 D DEI0044848 D DE I0044848D DE 605733 C DE605733 C DE 605733C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sugar
nitric acid
acid esters
production
sugars
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI44848D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Hans Baehr
Dr Wilhelm Wenzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI44848D priority Critical patent/DE605733C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE605733C publication Critical patent/DE605733C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B5/00Preparation of cellulose esters of inorganic acids, e.g. phosphates
    • C08B5/02Cellulose nitrate, i.e. nitrocellulose

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zuckersalpetersäureestern Es ist bekannt, Zucker, z. B. Rohrzucker, mit Salpetersäure zu nitrieren. Dieses Verfahren hat bis jetzt keine praktische Bedeutung erlangen können, da die Salpetersäureester (Zuckernitrate) hierbei in schlechter Ausbeute erhalten werden. Außerdem fallen sie in Form schwer zu verarbeitender Öle an, die für eine Weiterverarbeitung, z. B. zu Explosivstoffen, nicht ohne weiteres geeignet sind.Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters It is known Sugar, e.g. B. cane sugar to nitrate with nitric acid. This procedure has up can now not acquire any practical significance, since the nitric acid esters (sugar nitrates) can be obtained here in poor yield. In addition, they are difficult to keep in shape to be processed oils that are necessary for further processing, e.g. B. on explosives, are not readily suitable.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man Zuckersalpetersäureester in guter Ausbeute und in technisch gut verwertbarer Form erhält, wenn man für die Nitrierung durch Hydrolyse von Cellulose, z. B. durch Erhitzen mit Säuren oder sauer reagierenden Stoffen, gewonnene Zucker verwendet. Man gewinnt hierbei unmittelbar ein festes, fein verteiltes Produkt in guter Ausbeute, das durch Umkristallisieren weiter gereinigt werden kann. Vorteilhaft verwendet man für die Nitrierung durch schonenden Abbau der Cellulose erhaltene, also vorwiegend aus höherrnolekularen Zuckern bestehende Ausgangsstoffe.It has now been found that sugar nitric acid esters can be obtained in good yield and obtained in a technically usable form if one goes through the nitration Hydrolysis of cellulose, e.g. B. by heating with acids or acidic reacting Substances, extracted sugars used. You immediately gain a solid, finely divided product in good yield, which is further purified by recrystallization can be. It is advantageous to use it for nitration through gentle degradation obtained from cellulose, i.e. consisting predominantly of high-molecular-weight sugars Raw materials.

Der Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt hauptsächlich in der unterschiedlichen physikalischen Beschaffenheit der erhaltenen Produkte. Beim Nitrieren anderer technisch zugänglicher Zucker, wie Rohrzucker, Invertzucker u. dgl., entstehen klebrige, zähe, ölige Massen, die sich nur schwer von der Nitriersäure schellen lassen. Sie werden erst fest, wenn sie öfters mit eiskaltem Wasser geknetet werden. Doch sind sie selbst dann noch recht instabil, was sich schon an ihrem deutlichen Geruch nach Stickoxyden zeigt.The main advantage of the procedure is that it is different physical nature of the products obtained. When nitriding others technically accessible sugars, such as cane sugar, invert sugar, etc., result in sticky, viscous, oily masses that are difficult to ring with the nitrating acid. you will be only firm when they are kneaded repeatedly with ice-cold water. But they are themselves then still quite unstable, which can already be seen in their clear smell of nitrogen oxides shows.

Die Salpetersäureester der durch Hydrolyse von Holz erhaltenen Zucker werden dagegen sofort in fester Form erhalten. Sie sind infolgedessen bedeutend leichter zu reinigten und ergeben nach dem Trocknen ein festes, zur weiteren Verarbeitung physikalisch geeignetes Produkt.The nitric acid esters of sugars obtained by hydrolysis of wood on the other hand, are immediately obtained in solid form. As a result, they are significant easier to clean and after drying make a solid, for further processing physically suitable product.

Nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren kann man Zuckernitrate erhalten mit t z bis 13 Stickstoff, die eine den Nitrocellulosen ähnliche Sprengwirkung besitzen. Diesen gegenüber besitzen sie aber den Vorteil leichterer Darstellung, da der Holzzucker in der Salpetersäure leicht löslich -und das Nitrieren einfacher durchzuführen ist, ferner im Falle der Verarbeitung auf Explosivstoffe das bei der Schießbaumwolle notwendige Zerkleinerst und Mahlen in Wegfall kommt. Die Zuckernitrate können außer für Explosivstoffe zur Herstellung von Lacken, Anstrich- oder Kunstnassen, überhaupt für alle Zwecke, für die man 1\Titro-cellulos,en .anwendet, Verwendung finden. Beispiel 3o kg Holzzucker werden unter Kühlen in. 3oo 1 rauchender Salpetersäure gelöst und mit 6oo 1 konz. Schwefelsäure langsam unter Rühren versetzt. Nach mehrstündigem Stehenlassen gießt man die Säure vom ausgeschiedenen Produkt ab und wäscht dieses mit Wasser so lange aus, bis das Waschwasser neutral reagiert. Durch Umkristallisieren aus Alkohol erhält man ein rein weißes Produkt, dessen Stickstoffgehalt 12,64 % beträgt und das eine sehr explosive Wirkung besitzt.According to the process described, sugar nitrates can be obtained with t z to 13 nitrogen, which have an explosive effect similar to that of nitrocelluloses. Compared to these, however, they have the advantage of being easier to display, since the wood sugar Easily soluble in nitric acid - and nitriding is easier to carry out, also in the case of processing for explosives that of gun cotton The necessary grinding and grinding is no longer necessary. The sugar nitrates can save for explosives for the production of lacquers, paints or artificial liquids, in general for all purposes for which 1 \ Titro-cellulos, en. is used. example 30 kg of wood sugar are dissolved and cooled in 300 liters of fuming nitric acid with 6oo 1 conc. Sulfuric acid slowly Stirring added. To leaving to stand for several hours, the acid is poured from the precipitated product and washes it out with water until the wash water reacts neutrally. By Recrystallization from alcohol gives a pure white product, its nitrogen content 12.64% and that has a very explosive effect.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren. zur Herstellung von Zuckersalpetersäureesbern durch übliche Nitrierung von Zucker mit Salpetersäure, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Hydrolyse von Cellulose erhaltene Zucker verwendet werden.PATENT CLAIM: Process. for the production of sugar nitric acid donuts by conventional nitration of sugar with nitric acid, characterized in that sugars obtained by hydrolysis of cellulose can be used.
DEI44848D 1932-07-09 1932-07-09 Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters Expired DE605733C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI44848D DE605733C (en) 1932-07-09 1932-07-09 Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI44848D DE605733C (en) 1932-07-09 1932-07-09 Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE605733C true DE605733C (en) 1934-11-17

Family

ID=7191385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI44848D Expired DE605733C (en) 1932-07-09 1932-07-09 Process for the production of sugar nitric acid esters

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE605733C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495868A (en) * 1946-01-30 1950-01-31 Atlas Powder Co Detonator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495868A (en) * 1946-01-30 1950-01-31 Atlas Powder Co Detonator

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