DE60117141T2 - MAGNETIC POWER SUPPLY OR VOLTAGE REGULATOR AND TRANSFORMER - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator comprising a body (1) which is composed of a magnetisable material and provides a closed, magnetic circuit, at least one first electrical conductor (8) wound about the body of a first main winding (2) and at least one second electrical conductor (9) wound about the body of a second main winding (4). The winding axis (A2) for the main winding (2) is at right angles to the winding axis (A4) for the control winding (4) with the object of providing orthogonal magnetic fields (H1, B1 and H2, B2 respectively) in the body (1) and thereby controlling the behaviour of the magnetisable material relative to the field (H1, B1) in the main winding (2) by means of the field (H2, B2) in the control winding (4).

Description

The The present invention relates to a magnetically influenced current or voltage regulators and a magnetically-influenced converter for controlled connection and disconnection together with distribution electrical energy.

The US patent publication US 4210859 discloses an inductive device comprising a magnetic core and windings for generating two or three substantially orthogonal magnetic fields at all points within the core. The device may be used in various applications as an inductor or transformer.

The US patent publication US 2333015 discloses a variable reactance device of the magnetic core type wound around the one or more coils connected in series with a load or a translation device in an AC circuit, and a separately energized auxiliary excitation coil for controlling the magnetic density in the core.

The US patent publication US 2716736 discloses a toroidal inductor unit, wherein the inductance reactance may be variable without changing the number of windings with a new core construction.

The Invention, a continuation of the known Transduktortechnologie is preferably suitable as a voltage connector, current regulator or voltage transformers in different areas of the area Power electronics. The invention particularly characterizing Feature is that the transformative or inductive connection between the control winding and the main winding is approximately 0, and that the inductance in the main winding over the current in the control winding can be regulated, and above in addition, the magnetic connection between a primary winding and a secondary winding in a transformer configuration via the current in the control winding can be regulated.

On For example, in the field of rectification, the present invention can in the context of the regulation of entered into large rectifiers High voltages are used, with the advantage of full utilization of a diode rectifier the entire voltage range will be. For asynchronous motors, the Use of the invention in connection with the quick start of High voltage motors are envisaged. The invention is also suitable for the use in the field of energy distribution in connection with voltage regulation of power lines and can to continuously controlled compensation of reactive power in the network be used.

Even though it for the use of the device should not be considered restrictive, For example, it may be part of a frequency converter for conversion form an input frequency into an arbitrarily selected output frequency, preferably intended for the operation of an asynchronous motor, the input side of the frequency converter has a three-phase supply, with the help of its phase conductors the input size to at least feeding a transformer for each of the three-phase outputs of the Converter is intended, and the outputs of such a transformer via respective selectively controllable voltage connectors or via additional transformer-coupled voltage connectors are connected to form one of the three-phase outputs.

A second application of the device is a direct converter of DC voltage in AC voltage, the AC frequency being continuous is adjustable.

The Use of this type of frequency converter in an underwater context, especially for big ones Deep, will be where the use of high-capacity pumps with variable speeds is required. A pump in An underwater system becomes common from the underwater side to a place above the water (uplifting) accomplished and with water injection from the underwater side down into the Reservoir.

motor controls variable speed are usually based on two principles; a) direct-electronically frequency-controlled converters, and b) AC-DC to AC converters with pulse width modulation, and with extended use of semiconductors like thyristors and IGBTs. The latter represent the technology which is widely used in industrial applications and for use on board locomotives etc.

Speed control has recently been introduced for engines in underwater environments. The The main challenge has been the packaging and operation of such systems. In this context, operation refers to services, maintenance, etc., complex electronic systems generally operate in controlled environments in terms of temperature and pressure. Marine-based versions of such systems must be encapsulated in containers filled with nitrogen, which maintains a pressure of 1 atm. On account of the heat generation as a result of the heat loss in the electronics, a substantial amount of heat can be generated, resulting in the need for forced air cooling. This is usually solved by the use of fans. The fans incorporate a component that dramatically limits the life of the system and represents a highly inappropriate solution.

The Sensitivity of electronics and electronic power transistors is high and requires protection circuits. This complicates that System and drives up the cost.

In huge Depths (above 300 meters) becomes a protective container for a such system extremely heavy, a really noticeable proportion of the total weight representing the system. additionally The maintenance of a system becomes more frequent as not requiring the lifting of the entire frequency converter, so even simple maintenance is difficult to carry out with a remotely operated one Vehicle (ROV or Remotely Operated Vehicle).

Therefore it is a coordination goal of the device according to the present invention been the opportunity to provide for providing a frequency converter, which is suitable is for Underwater pumping operation, in particular focusing on operational reliability, stability and minimal maintenance requirements. The operating requirement becomes approximately Be 25 years at 3000 m depth.

The Standard frequency converters based on semiconductor technology, Convert AC power (AC energy) with a given one Frequency in AC power in the other selected frequency without any intermediate DC connection. The conversion will by forming a connection between given input and output output ports while controlled time intervals executed. An output voltage swing with an output frequency F0 is connected by sequential connection selected Segments of the voltage swing at the AC input source generated with the input frequency F1 to the terminals. Such frequency converter is available in the form of standard symmetrical direct converter circuits for feeding of energy from a three-phase network to a three-phase motor. The standard direct drive module consists of a double converter in every engine phase. So it's the normal procedure, three identical essentially independent To use double converters that provide a three-phase output.

Under other known types of frequency converters is a symmetrical one 12-pulse center direct converter consisting of three identical 4-quadrant 12-pulse center converters exists, with one for each Output phase. All three converters share the secondary windings together on the input transformer. The neutral leader can for one symmetrically loaded motor in three-phase star connection omitted become.

One other, based on semiconductor technology frequency converter is the so-called symmetrical 12-pulse bridge circuit, the three identical 4-quadrant 12-pulse bridge converters with a for every initial phase has. The input terminals of each of the six individual 6-pulse converter are from separate secondary windings fed to the input transformer. It should be noted that it is not allowed is, the same secondary winding for more to use as a transducer. This is conditioned by the fact each 12-pulse converter has two fully isolated transformer secondary windings needed.

It is therefore a secondary one but still an essential objective of the invention, primarily semiconductor components in the frequency converter, which are to be arranged at great depths, and for this purpose is therefore according to the invention the use the new magnetic transducer technology, based on a completely untraditional Concept, has been proposed.

Thus, an embodiment not according to the invention comprises a magnetically-influenced current or voltage regulator, which may be characterized by comprising: a body composed of a magnetizable material providing a closed magnetic circuit, at least one around the body along at least one part the closed circuit for at least one turn wound electrical conductor, which forms a first main winding, at least one around the body along at least a portion of the closed loop with at least one turn wound second electrical conductor which forms a second main winding or control winding, wherein the winding axis for the winding or turns in the main winding at a right angle to the winding axis leads, the winding or turns standing in the control winding. The aim of this is to provide orthogonal magnetic fields in the body and thereby control the behavior of the magnetizable material with respect to the field in the main winding by means of the field in the control winding. In a preferred version of this embodiment, the axis for the winding (s) in the main winding is parallel or coincident with the longitudinal direction of the body, while the winding (s) in the control winding extend substantially along the magnetizable body and the axis for the control winding Therefore, it runs at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the body. A second possible variant thereof is the axis for the winding (s) in the control winding, which are parallel to or coincide with the longitudinal direction of the body, while the winding (s) in the main winding extend substantially along the magnetizable body and Axle for the main winding is therefore at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the body.

The above embodiment can be adapted for use as a transformer by Be equipped with a third electrical conductor, the order the body along at least part of the closed circle for at least a winding is wound, forming a third main winding, wherein the Winding axle for the winding or turns in the third main winding with the Winding axles for the turns or turns in the first main winding coincide or parallel to it, thereby creating a transformer effect between provide the first and third major turns, if at least one of them is excited. A second way to customize this embodiment for use as a transformer, it is with a third electrical conductor around the body along at least part of the closed circle with at least a winding, forming a third main winding, the winding axis for the turn or turns in the third main winding coincide are with or parallel to the winding axis for the winding or windings the control winding, thereby a transformer effect between providing the third main winding and the control winding, if at least one of them is agitated.

A other embodiment according to the invention includes a magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator, characterized in that it comprises a first body and a second body, each of which consists of a magnetizable material, which provides a closed magnetic circuit, with the bodies side by side standing, at least one first electrical conductor at least wrapped part of the closed circle for at least one turn which forms a first main winding, at least a second one electrical conductor around at least a portion of the first and / or second body is wrapped for at least one winding, which is a second main winding or control winding forms, with the winding axis for the winding or turns in the main winding at right angles to the winding axis for the winding or turns in the control winding runs. The The aim of this is to provide orthogonal magnetic fields in the body and thereby the behavior of the magnetizable material in relation on the field in the main winding by means of the field in the control winding to control. The main and control windings can certainly be exchanged become, thereby a magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator providing, which is characterized in that it at least a first electrical conductor around at least a portion of the first and / or second body for at least a winding wound comprising a first main winding forms, at least one second electrical conductor along at least a part of the closed circle wound for at least one turn, which forms a second main winding or control winding, wherein the winding axle for the winding or turns in the main winding in a right one Angle passes to the winding axis for the winding or windings of the control winding with the aim of providing orthogonal magnetic fields in the body and thereby controlling the behavior of the magnetizable material in relation to the field in the main winding with the help of the field in the control winding.

A preferred variant of the above embodiment comprises a first and second magnetic field connector, which together with the bodies form a closed magnetic circuit.

The above embodiment may also be adapted for use as a transformer by equipping it with a third electrical conductor wound for a turn forming a third main winding, wherein the winding axis for the one turn or turns in the third main winding coincides with or parallel to the winding axis A2 for the winding or windings in the first main winding or in the control winding, thereby providing a transformer effect between the third main winding and the first main winding or the control winding, if at least one of the is excited.

In a preferred version of the above embodiment are the first and second body tubular, thereby enabling that the first conductor or the second conductor over the first and second body extend. In this version, the magnetic field connectors preferably comprise Apertures for the ladder. In a more preferred version, each magnetic field connector comprises a gap to the insertion to support the first and second leaders. In an even more preferred Version is the device with a between the end faces of the Tubes and the magnetic field connectors arranged insulating film equipped with the goal of isolating the interconnecting surfaces from each other to generate induced eddy currents in the connection areas by shorting avoid the film layer. For a core of ferrite or compressed powder does not become an insulating film to be required. About that In addition, it is particularly advantageous that each tube in the above embodiment not according to the invention comprises two or more core parts and that in addition an insulation layer is provided between the core parts. The pipes in the above embodiment not according to the invention can about that beyond circular, square, rectangular or triangular or hexagonal cross sections to have.

A embodiment The invention relates to a magnetically influenced current or Voltage regulator, characterized in that it has a first external tubular body comprises and a second internal tubular body, each of which consists of a magnetizable material and a closed magnetic circuit Provides the body are concentric with each other, and thereby a common Axis, at least a first around the tubular body for at least one turn, which forms a first main winding, wound electrical conductor, at least a second one in the space between the bodies and about the common axis of the body for at least one turn, which forms a second main winding or control winding, wound electrical conductor, wherein the winding axis for the winding or turns in the main winding at right angles to the winding axis for the winding or turns of the control winding. The goal is again, orthogonal Magnetic fields in the bodies to provide and thereby the behavior of the magnetizable Materials related to the field of the main winding with the help of To control tax development. The main winding and the control winding be in this embodiment The invention also be interchangeable, thereby a magnetic providing affected current or voltage regulators, wherein at least one first electrical conductor in the space between the bodies is provided, and wrapped around the common axis of the body, for at least a turn forming a first main winding, at least one second electrical conductor around the tubular body for at least one turn, which forms a second main winding or control winding wound is, and the winding axis for the winding or turns of the main winding at right angles to the winding axis for the Winding or windings of the control winding.

A preferred variant of the above embodiment of the invention comprises first and second magnetic field connectors which together with the bodies form a closed magnetic circuit.

The above embodiment The invention can also be adapted for use as a transformer by equipping the device with a third for at least one turn, which forms a third main winding, wound electrical conductors. In this case, the winding axis for the winding or turns either coincide with or parallel to the third main winding run to the winding axis for the winding or turns in the first main winding, thereby a transformer effect between the first and third main windings providing, if at least one of these is excited, or the Winding axle for the winding or turns in the third main winding may coincide with or parallel to the winding axis for the winding or windings in the control winding, thereby a transformer effect between providing the third main winding and the control winding, if at least one of these is excited.

Another embodiment of the invention relates to a magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator comprising a first external tubular body and a second internal tubular body, each of which is made of a magnetizable material and provides a magnetic circuit, the embodiments being concentric with each other and thereby have a common axis, at least a first wound around the tubular body for at least one winding forming a first main winding and at least a second provided in a gap between the bodies and about the common axis of the body for at least one second main winding or control winding forming Winding wound electrical conductor, or at least a first, provided in a gap between the bodies and wound around the common axis of the body for at least one winding forming a first main winding electrical ladder, and at least a second one around the tubular body for at least one winding forming a second main winding or control winding wound electrical conductor, wherein the winding axis for the winding or windings in the main winding at right angles to the winding axis for the winding or turns in the control winding with the aim of providing respective orthogonal magnetic fields in the bodies, and thereby controlling the behavior of the magnetizable material with respect to the field in the main winding by means of the field in the control winding, characterized in that the first and second bodies consist of a wound sheet of magnetic material, and in that the controller closed magnetic circuit for the orthogonal magnetic fields using the first and second body provides, a first magnetic field connector and a second magnetic field connector, wherein the first magnetic field connector magnetically with the respective end faces of the first and second body connected is.

The The goal is again to provide orthogonal magnetic fields in the body and thereby the behavior of the magnetizable material in relation on the field in the main winding by means of the field in the control winding to control. In the same manner as in the second embodiment mentioned not according to the invention, can the main winding and the control winding be interchangeable, thereby providing a device, wherein at least a first electrical Ladder provided in the space between the first and second bodies is, and wrapped around the common axis of the body is for at least one Turn, which forms a second main winding or control winding, at least one second electrical conductor to the tubular body for at least a turn, which is a second main winding or control winding forms, is wound.

The The invention includes first and second magnetic field connectors in common with the bodies form the closed magnetic circuits.

These embodiment The device can be adapted for use as a transformer Equip of which with a third around the outer core for one Winding wound electrical conductor, which is a third main winding forms. In this case, there will be the two alternatives again: one in which the winding axis for the Winding or windings in the third main winding with the winding axis for the turn or turns in the first main winding coincide or parallel These are, thereby a transformer effect between the first and providing the third main winding if at least one of this is excited, and one in which the winding axis for the winding or turns of the third main winding with the winding axis for the winding or windings of the control winding coincide or in parallel run, thereby a transformer effect between the third Providing main winding and control winding if at least one of these is excited.

It is certainly possible the above embodiment of the invention in such a way that the two tubular Body, which form the inner core, on the outside of the outer core forming tubular body are arranged, thereby providing an inner core with a tubular one body and an outer core with two tubular Bodies.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment of the invention the device characterized in that the outer core from some annular ones Shares, and that the first and / or third main winding individual windings to form a respective annular part. A second Possibility is that the control winding and / or the third main winding individual Form windings around a respective annular part.

The above embodiment will be the principle preferred.

Devices according to the invention will have many interesting applications, of which only a few should be mentioned. These are: a) as a component in a frequency converter for converting input frequency into arbitrarily selected output frequency, preferably for operation of an asynchronous motor, in a cycloconverter connection, b) as a connector in a frequency converter for converting input frequency into arbitrarily selected output frequency and intended thereto to drive an asynchronous motor for adding portions of the phase voltage generated by a 6 or 12-pulse transformer to each motor phase; c) as a DC-to-AC converter, the DC voltage / current to AC / current any converts selected output frequency, d) as in c), but where three such variable inductance voltage transducers are connected together to produce a three-phase voltage of arbitrarily selected output frequency connected to the asynchronous machine, e) for converting AC voltage to DC voltage within the processing industry, the device being used as a reluctance-controlled variable transformer, wherein the output voltage is proportional to the reluctance change in a core magnetically connected in parallel or in series with a separate secondary winding internal or external core, and wherein three or more of such reluctance controlled transformers are connected to the known three-phase rectifier links for FIG f) for use in a rectifier for converting AC voltage to DC voltage for use in the processing industry, the device forming voltage connectors known as variable inductances in series with primary windings Transformer connectors are used, and wherein three or more such transformers are connected to three-phase rectifier connectors for 6- or 12-pulse rectifier connector for a diode output stage. g) for AC-to-DC or DC-to-AC converters for use in the field of switched mode power supplies, for reducing the size of the magnetic voltage converter, the device forming a reluctance controlled variable transformer, wherein the output voltage is proportional to the reluctance change in a core magnetically connected in parallel or in series with an external or internal core to a second separate winding, preferably by filters incorporating inductance formed by a variable inductance, h) as a component in one controlled voltage compensator in the high voltage distribution network, the device forming a linearly variable inductance, i) as a component in a controllable reactive power compensator (VAR compensator), the device forming a linear variable inductance in conjunction with known filter circuits in which at least one condensate or also forms an element, the device in the form of a reluctance-controlled transformer is used as an element in a Kompensatorverbindung in which a capacitance or inductance are automatically connected and adapted, for the purpose of compensating required for the reactive power, j) in a system for reluctance-controlled direct conversion of an AC voltage into a DC voltage, k) in a system for reluctance-controlled direct conversion of a DC voltage, an AC voltage.

Of the Voltage connector is without moving parts for absorbing electrical Voltage between a generator and a load. The function of the Connector is able to be the voltage between the generator and the load of 0-100% to control with the help of a low control current. A secondary function will be as a pure voltage switch or as a current regulator. A could function further to be making and converting a voltage curve.

The new technology according to the invention will be able to be used for upgrading existing diode rectifiers, where there is a need for regulation. In conjunction with 12-pulse or 24-pulse rectifier systems it becomes possible be easy to control voltages in the system with controllable Diode rectification from 0-100% balance.

Of the Current or voltage regulator according to the invention becomes substantially without in the form of a magnetic connector implemented movable parts, and he will be able to Connect and thereby transmit electrical energy between a generator and a load used to become. The function of the magnetic connector is capable to close and open an electrical circuit.

Of the Connector thus becomes in different ways in a transductor act, where the transformer principle is used to the core to saturate. The present connector controls the working voltage by bringing of the main nucleus with a main winding in a saturation and from a saturation with Help of a tax winding. The connector has no noticeable transformative or inductive connection between the control winding and the main winding (as opposed to a transductor), that is, not a noticeable one common river becomes for generates the control winding and the main winding.

These new magnetically controlled connector technology will be able to Semiconductors, such as GTOs in high-performance applications and MOSFet or IGBT in other applications to replace with the exception that it limited will be on applications that oppose stray currents, which generated by the unloaded magnetizing current of the main winding become. As mentioned in the introduction, the new converter be particularly suitable for the realization of a frequency converter, the AC power with a given frequency in AC power with a different selected Output frequency converts. No intermediate DC connection will be in this Case be required.

As mentioned in the introduction, the device according to the invention is capable of being used in conjunction with frequency converters such as those based on the cycloconverter principle, but also frequency converters based on 12-pulse bridge converters or direct conversion of direct-current voltage in alternating voltage of variable frequency.

The Principle of the device according to the invention, in which a variable reluctance in a magnetizable body or Main core is used, based on the fact that magnetizing current in a main winding wound around a main core the flow resistance in accordance limited by Faraday's law. The river that set up is to generate counter-induced voltage depends on the flow resistance in the magnetic core. The size of the magnetic Electricity is determined by the amount of flow that set up is to compensate for applied voltage.

Of the Flow resistance in a coil where the core is air, is of the order of magnitude from 1000-900000 sometimes bigger than for one Winding wound around a core of ferromagnetic material. In the case of low flow resistance (iron core), a lower one Electricity required to set up a flow that required is for generating a compensation voltage as an applied voltage according to the Faradayschen Law. In the case of high flow resistance (air core) is a large current required to compensate the compensation voltage induced to produce the same set up necessary flow.

By Controlling the flow resistance can the magnetizing pressure or load current in the circuit is controlled become. In order to control the flow resistance is in the invention a saturation of the main core using a control flow that is orthogonal with respect to the flux generated by the main winding. As already mentioned, make the above mentioned Principle the basis of the invention, which is based on a magnetic relates influenced current or voltage regulator (connector), and a magnetically influenced transducer device.

It It will be understood that both the connector and the converter be produced by means of suitable production equipment for toroidal cores can. From a technical standpoint, the transducer can be made of magnetic material, such as electroplating, which are generated in a suitable manner designed cylindrical cores are wound or used be for High frequencies with compressed powder or ferrite. It is certainly also advantageous, ferrite cores or cores of compressed powder in accordance to create with the specifications of the application.

The The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings Drawings in which:

1 and 2 the basic principle of an embodiment which is not according to the invention;

3 a schematic representation of a device which is not according to the invention;

4 the region of deviating magnetic flux forming part of the device not according to the invention;

5 a first equivalent circuit for the device which is not according to the invention;

6 a simplified block diagram of the device, which is not according to the invention;

7 a diagram of the river opposite the stream;

8th and 9 Magnetization curves and regions for the magnetic material in the device not according to the invention;

10 Flux densities for the main and control windings;

11 a second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

12 the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

13 and 14 the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention, in sectional view;

15 - 18 different variants that are not according to the invention of the magnetic field connectors in the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

18 - 32 different variants that are not according to the invention for the tubular in the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

33 - 38 different aspects of the magnetic field connector for use in the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

39 a composite device according to the second embodiment, which is not according to the invention;

40 and 41 a section and a view of an embodiment according to the invention;

42 . 43 , and 44 special variants of magnetic field connectors for use in the embodiment according to the invention;

45 The embodiment according to the invention adapted for use as a transformer;

46 and 47 a section and a view of another embodiment of the invention for use as a reluctance-controlled, flux-connected transformer;

48 and 49 a device not according to the invention, adapted to correspond to a pulse-based magnetic material and in this case without magnetic field connector;

50 and 51 Sections along lines VI-VI and VV in 48 ;

52 and 53 a core adapted to satisfy a powder-based magnetic material, and in this case without a magnetic field connector, not according to the invention;

54 an "X-ray image" of a variant of the other embodiments of the invention;

55 a second variant of the device according to the second embodiment, which is not according to the present invention, together with the principle behind a possibility for a transformer connection;

56 a proposal for an electrotechnical schematic symbol for the voltage connector, which is not in accordance with the invention;

57 a proposal for a schematic block symbol for the voltage connector, which is not in accordance with the present invention;

58 a magnetic circuit in which the control winding and the control flow are not included;

59 and 60 Proposals for electrotechnical schematic symbols for the voltage converter, which is not according to the invention;

61 the use of the invention in an AC circuit;

62 the use of the invention in a three-phase system;

63 use as a variable inductor in DC-DC converters;

64 use as a variable throttle in a filter along with capacitors;

65 a simplified reluctance model for the device according to the invention and a simplified electrical equivalent circuit diagram for the connector according to the invention;

66 the connection for a magnetic switch;

67 Examples of a Three-Phase Use of the Invention;

68 the device is used as a switch;

69 a circuit detecting 6 devices according to the invention;

70 the use of the device according to the invention as an inverter; and

71 a use of the device according to the invention as a rectifier.

A device not according to the invention is now in principle associated with 1a and 1b explained.

In the entire description will be the magnetic field and the magnetic Flow associated parts substantially the direction of it within of the magnetic material. The parts are for the sake of Clarity outside drawn.

1a shows a device comprising a body of magnetizable material, which forms a closed magnetic circuit. This magnetizable body or core 1 may be annular or of other suitable shape. To the body 1 around is a first main winding 2 wound, and the direction of the magnetic field H1 (corresponding to the direction of the flux density B1), which is generated when the main winding 2 is energized will follow the magnetic circuit. The main winding 2 corresponds to a winding in a common transformer. In one variant, the device includes a second main winding 3 in the same way as the main winding 2 around the magnetizable body 1 is wound, and which will provide a magnetic field that extends substantially along the body 1 (ie, parallel to H1, B1) will extend. The facility finally closes a third main winding 4 a, which in a preferred variant internally along the magnetic body 1 extends. The magnetic field H2 (and hence the magnetic flux density B2) generated when the third main winding 4 is excited, will have a direction which is at right angles to the direction of the field in the first and second main windings (the direction of H1, B1). The facility may also have a fourth main winding 5 Include around an arm of the body 1 is wound. when the fourth main winding 5 is excited, it will generate a magnetic field having a direction perpendicular to both the field in the first (H1), and the second and third main convolutions (H2) ( 3 ) will have. Of course, this will require the use of a closed magnetic circuit for the field generated by the fourth main winding. This circle is not shown in the figure, since the figure is only intended to explain the relative position of the windings.

In the topology preferred as in the present specification However, it is the case that the windings in the Main winding follow the field direction of the control field and the Windings in the control winding of the field direction to the main field.

1b - 1g show the definition of the axes and the direction of the different windings and the magnetic body. With respect to the windings, we should refer to the axis as the rectangular area bounded by each winding. The main winding 2 will have an axis A2, the main winding 3 an axis A3 and the control winding 4 an axis A4.

With respect to the magnetizable body, the longitudinal direction will vary with respect to the shape. When the body is elongated, the longitudinal direction A1 will correspond to the longitudinal axis of the body. If the magnetic body is a square, as in 1a As shown, a longitudinal direction A1 may be defined for each arm of the square. Where the body is tubular, the longitudinal direction A1 will be the axis of the tube and for an annular body the longitudinal direction A1 will follow the circumference of the ring.

The device is based on the possibility of changing the properties of the magnetizable body 1 with respect to a first magnetic field by changing a second magnetic field that is at a right angle from the first one. Therefore, for example, the field H1 can be defined as the working field and the characteristics of the body 1 control (and thereby the behavior of the working field H1) by means of the field H2 (which is called the control field H2 below). This will now be explained in more detail.

Of the Magnetizing current in an electrical conductor by a ferro-magnetic material is included is limited by the reluctance according to the Faradayschen Law. The river that needs to be set up to be counter-induced To generate tension depends from the reluctance in the magnetic material enclosing the conductor from.

• 1) Fluss: Φ = –j 1/N·ω·E

  E

  = angelegte Spannung

  ω

  = Winkelfrequenz

  N

  = Anzahl der Windungen für die Wicklung

  wobei der Fluss Φ durch das magnetische Material von der Spannung E bestimmt wird. Der zum Einrichten des erforderlichen Flusses notwendige Strom wird bestimmt durch:
• 2) Strom I = Φ·Rm/N Φ = I/Rm·N
• 3) Reluktanz (Flusswiderstand)
  

  lj

  = Länge des Flusspfades

  μr

  = relative Permeabilität

  μo

  = Permeabilität im Vakuum

  Aj

  = Querschnittsbereich des Flusspfades

The degree of magnetization current is determined by the amount of flux that is to be established to balance an applied voltage. In general, for the steady state, the following equation for sinusoidal voltage is applicable:

• 1) River: Φ = -j 1 / N · ω · E

  e

  = applied voltage

  ω

  = Angular frequency

  N

  = Number of turns for the winding

  wherein the flux Φ is determined by the magnetic material from the voltage E. The power required to set up the required flow is determined by:
• 2) electricity I = Φ · Rm / N Φ = I / Rm · N
• 3) reluctance (flow resistance)
  

  lj

  = Length of the river path

  ĩr

  = relative permeability

  microhm

  = Permeability in vacuum

  aj

  = Cross-sectional area of the flow path

Where there is little reluctance (iron inclusion), according to the expression 2) Above, a small amount of power may be required to get the required Set up river and the supplied Tension will overlie the connector. In the case of high reluctance (air) on the other side greater Power may be required to set up the required flow. In this case, the current is then increased by the voltage across the Load and the voltage induced in the connector limited. Of the Difference between reluctance in air and reluctance in magnetic Material can be of the order of magnitude from 1,000 to 900,000 lie.

The magnetic induction or flux density in a magnetic material is determined by the relative permeability of the material and the magnetic field intensity certainly. The magnetic field intensity is due to the current in one generated around or arranged by the material winding.

H

= Feldintensität

s

= Integrationspfad

i

= Strom in der Windung

N

= Anzahl der Windungen

For the system to be investigated, the following applies:
The field intensity ∫ H · ds = I · N

H

= Field intensity

s

= Integration path

i

= Current in the winding

N

= Number of turns

H

= magnetische Feldintensität

Flux density or induction: β = μ 0 · ĩr H

H

= magnetic field intensity

The relationship between the magnetic induction and the field intensity is not linear, with the result that when the field intensity increases above some limit, the flux density will not increase, and at the expense of a saturation phenomenon due to the fact that the magnetic regions in a ferromagnetic material in a state of saturation. So it is it is desirable to provide a control field H2 perpendicular to a working field H1 in the magnetic material to control saturation in the magnetizable material while avoiding magnetic communication between the two fields and thereby avoiding a transformative or inductive connection. The transformative connection means a connection in which two windings "split" one field with the result that a change in the field will result from one winding to a change in the field of the other winding.

you will increase from H to saturation Avoid, as in a transformative connection, in which the Rivers one have common path, and be added together. If the rivers orthogonal they are not added together. For example, by providing of the magnetic material as a tube, the main winding or the winding that carries the working current, inside the tube located and in the longitudinal direction of the tube is wound, and wherein the control winding or the winding, which leads the control current, wrapped around the circumference of the tube, will have the desired effect achieved. Dependent of the dimensions of the tube become a small area for the Control flow and a big one Area for also achieved the workflow.

In the mentioned embodiment not according to the invention the flow of work is in the direction along the circumference of the pipe wander and have a closed magnetic circuit. The control flow on the other hand, in the longitudinal direction migrate the tube and is connected in a closed magnetic circuit be either through two tubes, which are arranged in parallel and a magnetic material that controls the flow between the two Connecting pipes or through a first pipe, which is a second Pipe is arranged, with the result that the control winding between the two tubes is arranged and the end faces of the tubes magnetically connected are thereby achieving a closed range for the control flow. This solution will be described in more detail.

The Parts, the magnetic connection between the tubes or the core parts Next, magnetic field connectors or magnetic field couplers will be described below called.

The total flow in the material is given by Φ = B · Aj 4)

The flux density B is composed of the vector sum of B1 and B2 ( 4d ). B1 is generated by the current I1 in the first main winding 2 and B2 has a direction tangential to the conductors in the main winding 2 , The main winding 2 has N1 windings and is around the magnetizable body 1 wound. B2 is generated by the current I2 in the control winding with a number of turns N2 and the control winding 2 around the body 1 is wound. B2 becomes a direction tangential to the conductors in the control winding 4 to have.

Because the windings 2 and 4 are arranged at 90 ° to each other, B1 and B2 will be arranged orthogonally. In the magnetizable body 1 B1 will be oriented transversally and B2 will be longitudinal. In this context, special reference is made to what is in the 1 - 4 is shown. B = B 1 + B 2 5)

It is considered an advantage that the relative permeability is higher in the direction of the working field (H1) than in the direction of the control field (H2), that is, the magnetic material in the magnetizable body 1 is anisotropic.

The vector sum of the fields H1 and H2 becomes the total field in the body 1 determine and therefore the condition of the body 1 in terms of saturation and is responsible for the magnetizing current and the voltage between one in the main winding 2 and the load connected to the connector is governed. Since the sources of B1 and B2 will be orthogonal to each other, none of the fields will be able to be decomposed into the other. This means that B1 can not be a function of B2 and vice versa. However, B, which is the vector sum of B1 and B2, will be affected by the extent of each of them.

B2 is the vector generated by the control current. The cross-sectional area A2 for the B2 vector becomes the transverse surface of the magnetic body 1 be, cf. 4c , This can be a small area due to the thickness of the magnetizable body 1 is limited, given by the surface sector between the inner and outer diameter of the body 1 in the case of an annular body. The cross-sectional area A1 (see 4a . b On the other hand, for the field B1 is given by the length of the magnetic core and the design of the applied voltage. This area will be up to 5-10 times larger than the area of the control flux density B2, without this being considered as limiting the invention.

If B2 at the saturation level is, will be a change in B1 not to a change lead in B this makes possible it is to control which level of B1 provides saturation of the material and thereby the reluctance for B to control.

N2

= Anzahl der Windungen für die Steuerwicklung

A2

= Bereich der Steuerflussdichte B2

l2

= Länge des Flusspfades für den Steuerfluss

The inductance for the control winding 4 (with N2 windings) will be able to be sized at a small value suitable for pulse-like control of the regulator, ie enabling a rapid response (of the order of milliseconds) to be provided. Ls = N2 2 · μ r-sal · μ 0 · A2 / l2 6)

N2

= Number of turns for the control winding

A2

= Range of control flux density B2

l2

= Length of the flow path for the control flow

A simplified mathematical description will now be based on the Given Maxwell's equations.

to simple calculation of magnetic fields in electrical power engineering Maxwell's equations are used in integral form.

In a device of the type that will be analyzed here the magnetic field has a low frequency.

Of the Offset current can therefore be neglected compared to the current density.

The Maxwell's equation curl ( H ) = J + d / dt D 7) is simplified too curl ( H ) = J 8th)

The integral form is found in Toke's theorem: ∫ ( H ) dl = I 9) presents a solution for the system in 4 , where the main winding 2 set up the H1 field. The calculations are done here with concentrated windings to be able to focus on the principles rather than the exact calculation.

The integration distance coincides with the field direction and an average field length 11 becomes in the magnetizable body 1 selected. The solution of the integral equation then becomes H 1 1 1 = N 1 · I 1 11)

This is also known as magnetomotive force MMK. F 1 = N 1 · I 1 12)

The tax winding 4 will set up a corresponding MMK generated by stream I2: H 2 · I 2 = N 2 · I 2 13) F 2 = N 2 · I 2 14)

The magnetization of the material under the influence of the H-field arising from the source windings 2 and 4 is expressed by the flux density B. For the main winding 2 : B 1 = μ 0 · ĩr 1 · H 1 15)

For the tax winding 4 : B 2 = μ 0 · ĩr 2 · H 2 16)

The permeability in the transverse direction is smaller on the order of 1 to 2 digits than for the longitudinal direction. The permeability for vacuum is: μ 0 = 4 · π · 10 -7 · H / m 17)

The capacity to conduct magnetic fields in iron is given by μ _r and the size of μ is from 1,000 to 100,000 for iron and up to 900,000 for the new Metglas materials.

By combining equations 11) and 15) we get for the main winding 2 :

The flow in the magnetizable body 1 from the main winding 2 is given by the equation: Φ 1 = ∫ 0 aj B 1 · n ds 19)

Under the assumption that the flux is constant over the core cross-section:

Here will recognize the expression for the flow resistance Rm or the reluctance as given by 3):

In the same way we find flux and reluctance for the control winding 4 :

The operation of the device is based on the physical fact that the differential of magnetic field density, which has its source in the current in a conductor, is expressed by the vortex to the H field. Vortex-to-H says something about the differential or field change of the H field over the field direction of H. In our case, the field is calculated on the basis that the face perpendicular to the differential field loop has the same direction as that of the current , This means that the fields are also orthogonal to the current-carrying conductors, which form the windings which are perpendicular to each other. The fact That the fields are perpendicular to each other is important in terms of the orientation of the domains in the material.

Before this is examined in more detail is still introduced, the self-inductance that plays a major role in the application of the new magnetically controlled power components will play.

According to Maxwell's equations, a time-varying magnetic field will induce a time-varying electric field expressed by ∫ e · dl = d / dt (∫ S B · n ds) 25)

The left side of the integral is an expression of the potential equation in integral form. The source of field variation may be the voltage from a generator and we can express Faraday's law if the winding has N turns and the entire flux passes through all these turns, see 5L e = N · A j · D / dtB = N · d / dtΦ = d / dtλ 26)

λ (Wb) gives an expression for the number of flux turns and is the sum of the flux through each turn in the winding. If you put the generator G in 5 considered as separate after the field is set up, the source of the field variation will be the stream in the circle and we have circle technology, see 5a : e = L * di / dt 27)

From equation 21 will have: Φ = k · I 28)

If L is constant, the combination of equations 26 and 27 provides: dλ / dt = Ldi / dt 29)

The solution of 29 is: λ = L * i + C 30)

From 28 we deduce that C is 0 and: L = λ / i 31)

This is an expression of the self-inductance for winding N (or, in our case, the main winding 2 ). The self-inductance is equal to the ratio between the flux turns established by the current in the winding (the coil) and the current in the winding (the coil).

The self-inductance in the winding is approximately linear as long as the magnetizable body or core is not in saturation. However, the self-inductance should change due to changes in the permeability in the material of the magnetizable body by changing the domain magnetization in the transverse direction through the control field (ie, through the field H2 passing through the control winding 4 is set up).

Out Equation 21) combined with 31) is obtained:

The AC resistance or reactance in a self-inductance electrical circuit is given by X L = jwL 33)

By Magnetization of the domains in the magnetizable body in the transverse direction, the reluctance of the longitudinal direction is changed. We should not go into detail here in the description of what in terms of domains while different field influences happens. Here we look at ordinary commercial electric sheet with a silicon content of approximately 3% and in the description we should not explain the phenomenon in Reference to the Metglas materials supply, but the magnetic Materials with amorphous structure will be able to play an important role Role in some applications to play.

In In a transformer we use closed cores with high permeability, where Energy is stored in magnetic leaks and in low Scope at the core, but the stored energy is not a direct part the transformation of energy forms, with the result that no Energy conversion in the sense of this takes place, resulting in an electromechanical System happens when electrical energy into mechanical energy but energy is transmitted through magnetic flux converted the transformer. In an inductance coil or choke with an air gap, the reluctance in the air gap is dominant, compared with the reluctance in the nucleus with approximately the total energy stored in the air gap.

In the device becomes a "virtual" air gap Saturation phenomena in the domains generated. In this case, the energy storage is distributed in a Air gap take place, which covers the entire core. We consider the actual magnetic energy storage system as free of losses and any Losses are therefore represented by external components.

The Energy description that we use is based on the principle of Energy conservation based.

dWelin

= differenzielle elektrische Energiezufuhr

dWfld

= differenzielle Änderung in der gespeicherten magnetischen Energie

The first law of thermodynamics, applied to the above lossless electromagnetic system, provides, see 6 : dWelin = dWfld 34) in which

dWelin

= differential electrical energy supply

dWfld

= differential change in the stored magnetic energy

From Equation 26) we have e = d / dtλ

Now, the inductance is variable through the orthogonal field or the control field H2, and Equation 31), inserted in 26) provides: e = d (L * i) / dt = L * di / dt + i * dL / dt 35)

The effect within the system is p = i * e = i * d / dtλ 36)

So we have dW elin = i · dλ 37)

For a system with a core where the reluctance can be varied, and which has only one main winding, equation 35) will be inserted into equation 37) dW elin = i * d (L * i) = i * (L * di + i * dl) 38)

In the device, L is considered as a function of μr, the relative permeability in the magnetizable body or core 1 , which in turn is a function of I2, the control current in the control winding 4 ,

If L is constant, that is, if I2 is constant, we can use the section i × dL, da dL is 0, neglect and therefore the magnetic field energy is given by:

If L is varied with the help of I2, the field energy is as a result of the changed Changed value of L, and thereby the current I is also changed as it passes through the field value the flux turns λ assigned is. Since i and λ are variable are and functions of each other while they are nonlinear functions we should not go into the solution here as they are one Mathematics incorporates the limitations of the description needed to understand the Device is required to exceed would.

However, we can conclude that the field energy and energy distribution will be controllable over μr and can affect how energy stored in the field is increased and decreased. When the field energy decreases, the additional part is returned to the generator. Or, if we have an additional winding (eg winding 3 . 1 ) in the same winding window as the first main winding 2 , and with the same winding axis as that of this, this becomes a transformative transfer of energy from the first winding 2 to the second main winding 3 provide.

This is in 7 where a change in λ results from a change in energy in the field Wflt, which is originally Wflt (λo, io). Here, a variation is detected that is so small that i is approximately constant during the change of λ. In the same way, a change of i is given as a change of λ. So when we look at our variable inductance, we can say the following:
The essence of what is taking place is in 8th and 9 shown.

8th shows the magnetization curves for the entire material of the magnetizable body 1 and the domain change under the influence of the H1 field from the main winding 2 ,

9 shows the magnetization curves for the entire material of the magnetizable body 1 and the domain change under the influence of the H2 field in the direction of the control coil 4 ,

10a and 10b show the flux densities B1 (the field H1 being established by the working current) and B2 (corresponding to the control current). The ellipse represents the saturation limit for the B-fields, ie, when the B-field reaches the limit, this will cause the material of the magnetizable body 1 reaches saturation. The shape of the axis of the ellipse is given by the field length and the permeability of the two fields B1 (H1) and B2 (H2) in the core material of the magnetizable body 1 ,

By expressing the MMK distribution or the H field distribution through the axis in 10 , a picture of the magneto-motor force can be seen from the two currents I1 and I2.

We now refer back to 8th and 9 , With the help of a partial magnetization of the domains through the control field B2 (H2), an additional field B1 (H1) from the main winding 2 vectorially added to the control field B2 (H2), the domains also magnetizing, with the result that the inductance of the main winding 2 from the base given by the state of the domains under the influence of the control field B2 (H2) will begin.

The Domain magnetization the inductance L and the alternating current resistance XL thereby become linear as a function of the control field B2 varies.

We should now describe the different variations of the device with reference to the remaining figures.

11 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment not according to the invention.

12 does not show the same embodiment of a magnetically influenced connector according to the invention, wherein 12a shows the assembled connector and 12b looking at the connector from the end.

13 shows a section along the line II in FIG 12b ,

As shown in the figures, the magnetizable body is set 1 among other things from 2 parallel pipes 6 and 7 made of magnetizable material together. An electrically insulated conductor 8th ( 12a . 13 ) is continuously in a path through the first pipe 6 and the second tube 7 traversing at a frequency of N, where N = 1, ... r, the first main winding 2 forming, with the conductor 8th moving in the opposite direction through the two tubes 6 and 7 extends as clearly in 13 shown. Even if the leader 8th only through the first pipe 6 and the second tube 7 it should be understood that it is possible for the conductor 8th to extend through respective tubes either only once or possibly a few times (as indicated by the fact that the number of turns N can vary from 0 to r), thereby a magnetic field H1 in the parallel tubes 6 and 7 generating when the conductor is energized. A combined control and magnetization winding 4 . 4 ' coming out of the ladder 9 exists, around the first tube and the second tube ( 6 respectively. 7 ) in such a manner that the direction of the field H2 (B2) generated in the second tube, when the winding 4 is excited, will extend oppositely directed, as indicated by the arrows for the field B2 (H2) in 11 shown. The magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 are at the ends of the respective tubes 6 . 7 mounted to connect the pipes in a loop by field. The leader 8th will be capable of a load current 11 ( 12a ) respectively. Length and diameter of the pipes 6 . 7 is determined based on the energy and the voltage to be connected. The number of turns N1 of the main winding 2 is determined by the reverse blockability for stress and the cross-sectional area of the scope of the flow μ2. The number of turns N2 of the control winding 4 is determined by the fields responsible for the saturation of the magnetizable body 1 are required, which are the pipes 6 . 7 and the magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 include.

14 shows a special design of the main winding 2 in a device not according to the invention. In fact, the solution differs in 14 from the in 12 and 13 represented, only by the fact that instead of a single insulated conductor 8th passing through the pipes 6 and 7 runs, two separate oppositely directed conductors, called primary conductors 8th and secondary conductors 8th' , to thereby achieve a voltage converter function for the magnetically influenced device not according to the invention. This will now be explained in more detail. The design is essentially similar to the one in 11 . 12 and 13 . shown The magnetizable body 1 includes two parallel tubes 6 and 7 , an electrically insulated primary conductor 8th is continuously in a stretch through the first pipe 6 and the second tube 7 N1 times, where N1 = 1, ... r, with the primary conductor 8th in the opposite direction through the two tubes 6 and 7 extend. An electrically insulated secondary conductor 8th' is continuously in a stretch through the first pipe 6 and the second tube 7 N1 'times, where N1' = 1, ... r, with the secondary conductor 8th' in the opposite direction relative to the primary conductor through the two tubes 6 and 7 extend. At least one combined control and magnetization winding 4 and 4 ' is the first pipe 6 and the second tube 7 each wound with the result that the field direction generated on the tube is directed opposite. As for the embodiment not according to the invention and in 11 . 12 and 13 shown are magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 at the end of each tube ( 6 . 7 ) mounted to the pipes 6 and 7 field by field in a loop, thereby the magnetizable body 1 forming. Although for the sake of simplicity the primary ladder 8th and the secondary leader 8th' in the drawings with only one pass through the pipes 6 and 7 are shown, it is immediately apparent that both the primary conductor 8th as well as the secondary leader 8th' N1 or N1 times through the tubes 6 and 7 can be performed. Length and diameter of the pipes 6 and 7 is determined on the basis of the energy and the voltage to be implemented. For a transformer with a conversion ratio (N1: N1 ') equal to 10: 1, ten conductors are used in practice as the primary conductor 8th and only a secondary conductor 8th' ,

An embodiment of the magnetic field connector 10 and / or 11 not according to the invention is in 15 shown. A magnetic connector 10 . 11 is shown, which is composed of a magnetically conductive material, wherein two preferred ring apertures 12 for the leader 8th in the main winding 2 (see for example 13 ) of the magnetic material in the conductors 10 . 11 are processed. In addition, there is a gap 13 provided the magnetic field path of the conductor 8th interrupts. The endface 14 is the interface for the magnetic field H2 from the control winding 4 coming from the ladders 9 and 9 ' consists ( 13 ).

16 shows a thin insulation film 15 placed between the end faces on the tubes 6 and 7 and the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 is arranged in a preferred variant of the device described above, which is not according to the invention.

17 and 18 show other alternative variants of the device described above, which is not according to the invention, in connection with the magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 ,

19 - 32 show some variants of the device described above, not according to the Er is in connection with a nucleus 16 who is in the in 12 . 13 and 14 variant shown the main part of the tubes 6 and 7 forms, which preferably together with the magnetic field connectors 10 and 11 the magnetizable body 1 form.

19 shows a cylindrical core part 16 Divided longitudinally, as shown, with one or more layers 17 an insulating material between the two core halves 16 ' . 16 '' are arranged.

20 shows a rectangular core part 16 and 21 shows a variant of this core part 16 wherein it is divided into two sections in the lateral area. In the in 21 variant shown are one or more layers of insulating material 17 between the core halves 16 . 16 ' intended. A further variant will be in 22 shown in which a section is arranged in each corner.

23 . 24 and 25 show a rectangular shape. 26 . 27 and 28 show the same thing for a triangular shape. 29 and 30 show an oval variant and final show 31 and 32 a hexagonal shape. In 31 is the hexagonal shape of 6 equal faces 18 assembled and in 30 the hexagonal shape consists of two parts 16 ' and 16 '' ,

reference numeral 17 refers to a thin insulation film.

33 and 34 show a magnetic field connector 10 . 11 which can be used as a control panel connector between the rectangular and square core cores 16 (in 20 - 21 and 23 - 25 each shown). This magnetic field connector comprises three parts 10 ' . 10 '' and 19 ,

34 shows a variant of the core part or main core 16 , where the end face 14 or the interface of the control flow at right angles to the axis of the core member 16 runs.

35 shows a second variant of the core part 16 , where the connecting surface 14 for the control flow at an angle α to the axis of the core part 16 runs.

36 - 38 show different designs of the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 that are based on the fact that the connecting surfaces 14 ' of the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 at the same angle as the end surfaces 14 to the core part 16 ,

36 shows a magnetic field connector 10 . 11 not according to the invention, in which different hole shapes 12 for the main winding 2 based on the shape of the core part 16 are specified (round, triangular, etc.).

In 37 is the magnetic connector 10 . 11 flat. It is adapted for use with core parts 16 with right-angled end surface 14 ,

In 38 is an angle α 'indicated to the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 , which is adapted to the angle α to the core part ( 35 ), thereby the end surface 14 and the interface 14 ' causing to coincide.

In 39 Fig. 12 is a variant of the device discussed above, which is not in accordance with the invention, with an array of magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 and core parts 16 shown. 39b shows the same variant viewed from the side.

It is possible, to switch the positions of the control winding and the main winding.

40 and 41 FIG. 10 is a sectional view and a view, respectively, of the first-mentioned embodiment of the invention of a magnetically-influenced voltage connecting device. FIG.

The device comprises ( 40b ) a magnetizable body 1 who has an external pipe 20 includes and an internal pipe 21 (or core parts 16 . 16 ' ), which are concentric and made of a magnetizable material, with a gap 22 between the inner wall of the external pipe 20 and the outer wall of the internal tube 21 , Magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 between the pipes 20 and 21 are mounted at the respective ends thereof ( 40a ). A spacer 23 ( 40a ) is in the gap 22 arranged, thereby the pipes 20 . 21 concentrically holding. A combined control and magnetization winding 4 . from ladders 9 consisting, is around the inner tube 21 wrapped and located in the gap 22 , The winding axis A2 for the control winding therefore coincides with the axis A1 of the pipes 20 and 21 , An electrical current-carrying or main winding 2 consisting of conductors 8th , passes through the inner tube 21 and along the outside of the outer tube 20 N1 times, where N1 = 1, ... r. With the combined control and magnetization winding 4 in cooperation with the main development 2 or the live conductor 8th , an easily constructed but efficient magnetically-influenced voltage connector is obtained. This embodiment of the device can also be modified in such a way that the tubes 20 . 21 have no round cross-section, but a cross-sectional section with a square, a rectangle, a triangle, etc.

It is also possible to wind the main winding around the inner tube, in which case the axis A2 of the main winding will coincide with the axis A1 of the tubes, while the control winding around the tubes on the inside of 21 and the outside of 20 are wound.

42 - 44 show various configurations of the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 , which are specially adapted to the latter design of the device, ie, as in connection with 40 and 41 described.

42a shows in section and 42b in a view from above a magnetic field connector 10 . 11 with connection surfaces 14 ' at an angle relative to the axis of the tubes 20 . 21 (of the core part 16 ) and it is obvious that the internal 21 and the external ones 20 Tubes should also be at the same angle to the connection surfaces 14 ,

43 and 44 show other variants of the magnetic field connector 10 . 11 , where the connecting surfaces 14 ' of the control field H2 (B2) at right angles to the main axis of the core part 16 (Tube 20 . 21 ) are.

43 shows a hollow half ring core magnetic field connector 10 . 11 with a hollow semicircular cross-section while 44 shows a toroidal magnetic field connector with a rectangular cross-section.

A variant of in 40 and 41 shown device is in 45 shown, where 45a the device from the side shows while 45b she shows from above. The only difference from the voltage connector in 40 - 41 is that a second main winding 3 wound in the same way as the main winding 2 , By this measure, a slightly constructed but efficient magnetically influenced voltage transformer is obtained.

46 and 47 FIG. 12 is a sectional view and a view showing the other embodiment of the concentric tube voltage converter. FIG.

46 and 47 show the voltage converter acting as a voltage converter with connected tubes. An inner, reluctance-driven core 24 is inside an external core 25 to the one main winding 2 is wound. The reluctance-driven inner core 24 has the same structure as mentioned above under the description of 40 . 41 but the only difference is that there is no main winding 2 around the core 24 gives. He has only one control winding 4 that are inside the gap 22 between the inner ones 21 and outer parts that houses the inner reluctance-driven core 24 form, with the result that only the core 24 Magnetically reluctance-controlled is under the influence of a control field H2 (B2) of the current of the control winding 4 ,

The main winding 2 in 46 and 47 is a winding that both the core 24 as well as the core 25 includes.

The mode of operation of the reluctance-controlled voltage connector or transducer according to the invention and in connection with 46 and 47 will now be described.

We should also refer to 55 showing a device, not according to the invention, but representing the principle of the connection, 65 with a simplified equivalent circuit for the reluctance model, where Rmk is the variable reluctance, which is the flux between the windings 2 and 3 controls, and 65b showing an electrical equivalent circuit for the connection, where Lk is the variable inductance.

An AC voltage V1 across the winding 2 becomes a magnetizing current I1 in the winding 2 set up. This is due to the flux φ1 + φ1 'in the nuclei 24 and 25 generated, which are set up in order to provide the counter tension required by Faraday's law in 2 is produced. If there is no control current in the reluctance-controlled core 24 There will be the flow between the nuclei 24 and 25 , based on the reluctance in the respective cores 24 and 25 divided up.

To bring energy from one winding to the other, the inner reluctance-driven core must 24 be fed with control power.

By supplying control current 12 in the positive holding period of the AC voltage V1 in 2 should we use a half-cycle voltage over 2 receive. Because the energy is due to flux offset between the reluctance-driven core 24 and the outer (secondary) core 25 is transferred, the reluctance-controlled core 24 essentially by the control current 12 be influenced during the period when it is controlled in saturation, while the working flow into the secondary outer core 25 will wander and with the primary winding 2 during the energy transfer will interact.

When the reluctance-driven core 24 by resetting the control flow B2 (H2) which is orthogonal to the flow B1 (H1) from which saturation is brought, the flow from the primary side is again divided between the cores 24 and 25 , and one to the secondary winding 3 Connected load will see only a low reluctance and thereby a high inductance and a low connection between primary (VI) and secondary (V3) voltage. A voltage is applied across the secondary winding 3 but at the expense of the magnitude of Lk compared to the magnetizing impedance Lm, the majority of the voltage (V1) will be from the primary winding 2 Lk overlay. The river from the primary winding 2 will essentially go to where the lowest reluctance is and where the flow path is the shortest ( 65b ).

One can also imagine that the external core 25 could be made controllable, in addition to the presence of a fourth main winding around the inner steerable core 24 is wound. This is to the tension between the cores 24 and 25 to be enabled, if necessary, to be controlled.

48 describes a further device, which is not according to the invention, of a magnetically influenced voltage connector or voltage converter, wherein the magnetizable body 1 is designed so that the control flow B2 (H2) directly without a separate magnetic field connector through the main core 16 connected is.

48 shows a voltage connector, which is not according to the invention, in the form of a toroidal core, viewed from the side. The voltage connector comprises two core parts 16 and 16 ' , a main winding 2 and a control winding 4 ,

49 shows a voltage connector, which is not according to the invention, equipped with an additional main winding 3 that offers the possibility of transforming the tension.

50 shows the device of 48 in section along the line IV-IV in 48 , and 51 shows the section along the line VV. In 50 is an annular aperture 12 for arranging the control winding 4 shown.

51 shows an additional aperture 26 for performing the wiring.

52 and 53 show the structure of a nucleus 16 which is not according to the invention, without windings, and wherein the core 16 is designed so that there is no need for an additional magnetic field connector for the control panel. The core 16 has two core parts 16 . 16 ' and an aperture 12 for a tax winding 4 , This design is intended to be used when the magnetic material is sintered or made of compressed powder molded material. In this case, it will be possible to insert closed magnetic paths into the topology, with the result that what were previously separate connectors needed for film wound cores form part of the actual core and are a productive part of the structure. The core that forms the closed magnetic circuit without separate magnetic field connectors, and in this 52 and 53 can be used in all devices that are not according to the invention, even if the figures have a body 1 which is adapted for the illustrated device, inter alia in 1 and 2 ,

54 shows a magnetically influenced voltage conversion device according to the invention, wherein the device is an inner control core 24 has, consisting of an inner tube 20 and an outer one pipe 21 , which are concentric and made of magnetizable material, with a gap 22 between the inner wall of the outer tube 20 and the outer wall of the inner tube 21 , spacer 23 are in the gap between the inner wall of the outer tube 20 and the outer wall of the inner tube 21 assembled. magnetic field connectors 10 . 11 are between the pipes 20 and 21 mounted at respective ends thereof. A combined control and magnetization winding 4 is around the inner tube 21 wrapped and located in the gap 22 , The device also consists of an outer second core 25 with a variety of toroidal coils 25 ' . 25 '' . 25 ''' etc. comprehensive windings outside the control core 24 , Each toroidal coil 25 ' . 25 '' . 25 ''' etc. consists of a ring of magnetizable material, of a respective second main winding or secondary winding 3 wounded, of which only one is shown for purposes of clarity. A first main winding or primary winding 2 gets through the inner tube 21 in the control core 24 guided and along the outside of the outer core 27 N1 times, where N1 = 1, ... r.

It is also possible to imagine a secondary core device operating within the control core 24 is arranged, in which case the primary winding 2 through the ring cores 25 has to go and along the outside of the control core 24 ,

25 is a schematic representation of a magnetically influenced voltage regulator not according to the invention with a first reluctance-controlled core 24 and a second core 25 each of which is made of a magnetizable material and designed to form a closed magnetic circuit with the cores juxtaposed. At least one first electrical conductor 8th is on a main winding 2 over both the first and second cross-sectional profiles of the core are wound along at least a portion of the closed circle. At least a second electrical conductor 9 is as a winding 4 in the reluctance-controlled core 24 mounted in a form that substantially corresponds to the closed circle. In addition, at least one third electrical conductor 27 around the cross-sectional profile of the second core 25 Wrapped along at least part of the closed circle. The field direction of the winding 2 of the first leader 8th and the winding of the second conductor 9 is orthogonal. With the help of this solution form the first conductor 8th and the third leader 27 a primary winding 2 or a secondary winding.

56 shows a proposal of an electrotechnical schematic symbol for the voltage connector, which is not according to the invention.

57 shows a proposal for a schematic block diagram for the voltage connector.

58 shows a magnetic circuit, not according to the invention, wherein the control winding 4 and the control flow B2 (H2) are not included.

59 and 60 are a proposal for a schematic electrical symbol for the voltage converter, which is not according to the invention, wherein the reluctance in the control core 24 the magnetic flux between a core with fixed reluctance 25 and a second variable reluctance core 24 shifts (see for example 55 ).

It There is certainly no restriction to have two cores with variable reluctances. The fact that we see the flow between two cores within the same winding can move, is used to perform a magnetic switching, the a voltage independent of the course of the magnetization in the main core on and off can. This means that we have a switch that is the same Function has like a GTO except that we can choose which one Switching time we wish.

institutions those according to the invention and those described herein that are not in accordance with the invention are becoming usable in many different connections and now examples of applications are reproduced in which they are especially suitable.

61 shows the use of devices disclosed herein in accordance with and not in accordance with the invention in an AC circuit to control the voltage across a load RL, which may be a light source, heat source or other load.

62 shows the use of devices disclosed herein according to and not in accordance with the invention in a three-phase system, such a voltage connector in each phase connected to a diode bridge being used for linear regulation of the output voltage from the diode bridge.

63 shows a use of here according to the invention and not according to the invention described devices as a variable throttle in DC-DC converters.

64 shows a use of devices disclosed herein according to the invention and not according to the invention, as a variable throttle in a filter together with capacitors. Here we have only one serial and one parallel filter ( 64a respectively. 64b ), but it is implicit that variable inductance can be used in a number of filter topologies.

A further application of devices disclosed herein that are not in accordance with the invention is that disclosed inter alia in connection with 44 and 45 with proposals for schematic symbols in 59 be reproduced. In this application, the voltage connector has a function as a voltage converter with a secondary winding added. An application as a voltage regulator is optionally shown here, with the magnetizing current in the transformer connection and the leakage reactance across the control winding 4 are controllable. The special feature of this system is that the transformer equation is applicable while at the same time the magnetizing current can be controlled by changing μr. In this case, therefore, the characteristic of the transformer can be controlled to some extent. if there is a DC excitation of a winding 2 For example, it will be possible to obtain transformed energy across the transformer by varying μr and thereby flux in the reluctance-controlled core rather than varying the excitation. Thus, in principle, it is possible to generate an AC voltage from a DC voltage by virtue of the fact that a change in the magnetizing current from the DC generator in this system brings about the ability to be transformed into a winding on the secondary side.

An application of the invention is in 46 and 47 in which a variable reluctance as a control core is surrounded or enclosed by one or more separate cores with separate windings, as well as 55 in which a device not according to the invention is illustrated with a first reluctance-controlled core and a second core designed as a closed magnetic circuit and juxtaposed. We also refer to 65 , which shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram.

55 shows how the flows in a device, which is not according to the invention, migrate in the cores. We want to emphasize that the flow in the control core is connected to the flow in the working core via the winding that encloses both cores. In this system, the transformation of electrical energy will be controllable by the flow which is connected to a control core and a working core and disconnected. Since the flows between the nuclei are interlinked by Faraday's law of induction, the functional dependence of the equations for the primary side and the equations for the secondary are controlled by the connection between the flows. In a linear application, it will be possible to linearly control a transformation of voltages and currents between a primary winding and a secondary winding by changing the reluctance in the control core, thereby enabling us to introduce here the term "reluctance-controlled transformer". For a switched device, we will be able to introduce the term "reluctance-controlled switch".

The flux connection between the primary or first main winding 2 and the secondary winding or second main winding 3 , will now be explained. winding 2 that now has both the reluctance-driven control core 24 as well as the main nucleus 25 will set up a flow in both cores. The self-inductance L1 of 2 indicates how much flow or how many turns of the river are created in the cores when a current is passed through L1 in 2 , The mutual inductance between the primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 indicates how many of the river meanders that go through 2 and L1 are set up to 2 are wound and over the secondary winding 3 ,

We can of course also the main core 25 Consider as reluctance-driven, but for the sake of simplicity we should refer here to a system with a main core 25 , wherein the reluctance is constant, and a control core 24 , where the reluctance is variable.

The Flow lines will follow the path that has the highest permeance (where permeability is highest) provides, i.e., with the lowest reluctance.

In 55 and 65 are leak fields in the main windings 2 and 3 not included in the consideration. 55 shows a simplified model of the transformer, which is not according to the invention, wherein the reluctance-controlled primary and the secondary windings 2 respectively 3 in each case around a Transforma tor arm, while in practice they are preferably wound around the same transformer arm, and in our case, the outer toroid becomes the main core 25 is, for example, from the second winding 3 wound, which is distributed along the entire core 25 , Similarly, the primary winding 2 becomes the main core 25 wound and the control core 24 which may be concentric with and within the main core.

65 shows a simplified reluctance model for the device according to the invention.

65b shows a simplified electrical equivalent circuit diagram for the connector according to the invention, wherein the reluctances are replaced by inductance.

Φ_p

= Gesamtfluss, eingerichtet durch den Strom in 2.

Φ_k

= Gesamtfluss, der durch den Steuerkern 4 wandert.

Φ_l

= Teil des Gesamtflusses, der durch den Hauptkern 25 wandert.

A stream in 2 creates flow in the nuclei 24 and 25 : Φ = Φ k + Φ l 40) in which

Φ _p

= Total flow, set up by the current in 2 ,

Φ _k

= Total flow passing through the control core 4 emigrated.

Φ _l

= Part of the total flow passing through the main core 25 emigrated.

Because the leakage in the main core 24 and control core 25 is neglected, Φ 1 = -Φ 2 41)

In a way, Φ _k can be considered a controlled leak flow.

On the basis of 65 we can find the most simplified electrical equivalent circuit for the in 65b formulate the magnetic circuit shown.

65b shows therefore the principle of the reluctance-controlled connector, wherein the inductance Lk absorbs the voltage from the primary side.

This inductance is due to the variable reluctance in the control core 24 with the result that the connection or voltage division for a steady-state sinusoidal voltage applied to the primary winding is approximately equal to the ratio between the inductance in the respective cores, as shown in Equation 43.

If the control core 24 In saturation, Lk is a very small component of L _m and the voltage division will be according to the ratio between the number of windings N1 / N2. When the control core is in the off state, Lk becomes large and, to the same extent, the voltage transformation to the secondary side is blocked.

The magnetization of the cores relative to the applied voltage and frequency is such that the main core 25 and the control core 24 can easily absorb the entire time-span integral without going into saturation. In our model, the range of iron of the control and working core is the same, but is not considered to be limiting to the invention.

Because the control core 24 is not in saturation, at the expense of the main winding 2 , should we be able to control the control core 24 independently of the flow of operation B1 (H1), thereby achieving, with the aid of the invention, the goal of releasing a magnetic switch. If necessary, the main core can 25 to be reset after a one-pulse or one-half on-period by the required MMF returned only in the second half-cycle to detect any distortion in the magnetizing current to compensate.

In a switched application, when the switch is OFF, ie when the flux is on the primary winding 2 between the control core 24 and the working core 25 is distributed, the flow connection between the primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 be slightly, and a very low energy transfer is between primary winding 2 and secondary winding 3 occur.

When the switch is ON, that is, when the reluctance in the control core 24 is very low (μr = 10-50), and as the reluctance of an air coil approaches, there will be a very good flux connection between the primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 have and an energy transfer.

A important application of the invention is therefore as a frequency converter be with reluctance-controlled switches and an inverter or rectifier by using the reluctance-controlled switch in traditional frequency converter connections and rectifier connections.

A Inverter variant may range between adding small amounts of Sinusoidal voltages of respective phases in a three-phase system be considered, both with a reluctance-controlled separate Core are connected, which in turn with one or more adding cores magnetically connected to the reluctance-controlled cores via a common winding are connected by the adding cores and the reluctance-controlled nuclei. Parts of sinusoidal voltages can then from the reluctance-driven Cores in the addition kernel be connected, and a voltage with a difference frequency is generated.

One Inverter can by connecting a DC voltage with the including the working core Main winding can be realized, this time the working core also around a secondary winding is a sinusoidal voltage by sinusoidally changing the Can get connection between core and control core.

66 shows the connection for a magnetic switch. This can certainly act as a tunable transformer.

67 and 67a show an example of a three-phase design. All other three-phase rectifier connectors are certainly possible. By means of the connection to a diode bridge or individual diodes to the respective outputs in a 12-pulse connector, a tunable rectifier is obtained.

In application as a tunable transformer must be emphasized that the size of the reluctance-driven Kerns is determined by the range of voting required is for the transformer (0-100 or 80-1100 for the Tension.

67b shows the use of the device according to the invention as a connector in a frequency converter for converting input frequency into arbitrarily selected output frequency and intended to operate an asynchronous motor to produce parts of the phase voltage generated by a 6 or 12-pulse transformer, to add to the respective engine phase ( 67b ).

68 shows the device used as a switch in a UFC (Unrestricted Frequency Switch with Forced Communication).

69 shows a circle of six facilities 28 - 33 according to the invention. The facilities 28 - 33 are used as frequency converters, wherein the period of the generated voltages are composed of parts of the fundamental frequency. This works by "passing" only the positive half period or parts of the half period of a sine voltage to make the positive new half period in the new sine voltage, and then passing the negative half period or parts of the negative half period, thereby passing the negative half period in the new sine voltage to create. In this way, a sinusoidal voltage is generated, with a frequency of 10% to 100% of the fundamental frequency. This converter also acts as a soft-start since the voltage at the output is controlled via the reluctance control of the connection between the primary and secondary windings.

In 69 if the first half period is indicated by connector no. 28 (Main winding 2 ), the current through the secondary winding (main winding 3 ) in the same connector commute to the Secondary winding (main winding 3 ) in connector no. 29 and further from 29 to 28 , Etc.

70 shows the use of the device according to the invention as an inverter. Here is the main winding 2 in the connector is energized by a DC voltage U1 which is a field H1 (B1) both in the control core 24 , as well as in the main core 25 (these are not shown in the figure) set up. The number of turns N1, N2, N3 and the range of iron are designed in such a way that none of the nuclei become saturated in the steady state. In the case of a control signal (ie, an energization of the control winding 4 ) in the control core 24 , the flow B2 (H2) therein becomes the main core 25 transmitted and a change in the flow B1 (H1) in this core 25 a voltage in the secondary winding (main winding 3 ). By a sinusoidally controlled current I2 generating a sine voltage on the secondary side (main winding 3 ), with the same frequency as the control voltage U1.

70b shows the use of the invention as a converter with a change in reluctance.

71 shows a use of the device with the invention as AC-DC converter or rectifier. The same control principle is used here as described above in the description of a frequency converter in 69 explained. 71b shows a graph of the time of the input and output voltage of the device.

As previously mentioned, is the voltage connector according to the invention essentially without moving parts for absorbing electrical Voltage between a generator and a load. The function of the Connector is able to be the voltage between the generator and the load of 0-100% to control with the help of a low control current. A second function will be considered a pure voltage switch. A further function could forming and transforming a voltage curve.

The new technology according to the invention is for the improvement of existing diode rectifiers be usable There is a need for there is a regulation. In conjunction with 12-pulse or 24-pulse rectifier systems it becomes possible be to balance a voltage in the system in a simple way, while one from 0-100% controllable rectifier has.

• a) Eisen-Siliziumstahl: erzeugt als ein Streifen einer Dicke von näherungsweise 0,1 mm–0,3 mm und einer Breite von 10 mm bis 1100 mm und aufgerollte auf Spulen. Vielleicht am meisten bevorzugt für große Kerne unter Berücksichtigung von Preis und bereits entwickelter Produktionstechnologie. Für die Verwendung bei niedrigen Frequenzen.
• b) Eisen-Nickellegierungen (Permalloys) und/oder Eisen-Kobalt-Legierung (Permendur), erzeugt als ein Streifen, aufgerollt auf Spulen. Dies sind Legierungen mit speziellen magnetischen Eigenschaften mit Untergruppen, bei denen sehr spezielle Eigenschaften kultiviert worden sind.
• c) Amorphe Legierungen, Metglas: erzeugt als ein Streifen einer Dicke von näherungsweise 20 μm–50 μm, einer Breite von 4 mm bis 200 mm und aufgerollt in Spulen. Sehr hohe Permeabilität, sehr geringer Verlust, kann mit fast 0 Magnetostriktion hergestellt werden. Existiert in zahllosen Varianten, eisenbasiert, kobaltbasiert etc. Fantastische Eigenschaften aber hoher Preis.
• d) Weicheisen: gesintert in speziellen Formen, entwickelt für die Wandlerindustrie. Verwendet bei hohen Frequenzen bedingt durch geringe Dämpfung. Geringe Flussdichte. Geringe Verluste. Einschränkungen bezüglich physikalisch realisierbarer Größe.
• e) Komprimierte Pulverkerne: komprimierte Eisenpulverlegierung in speziellen Formen, entwickelt für spezielle Anwendungen. Geringe Permeabilität, maximall näherungsweise 400–600 heute. Geringe Dämpfung aber hohe Flussdichte. Kann in sehr komplizierten Formen erzeugt werden.

With respect to the magnetic material involved in the invention, it will be selected based on a cost-benefit function. The costs will be linked with some parameters, such as availability on the market, manufacturability through the various solutions chosen and price. The utility function is based on which electro-technical function the material should fulfill, including the type of material and the magnetic properties. Magnetic properties considered essential include hysteresis loss, saturation flux level, permeability, magnetization capacity in the two major directions of the material, and magnetostriction. The unit electrical frequency, voltage and energy to the energy sources and consumers involved in the invention are determined by the choice of materials. Suitable materials include the following:

• a) Iron-silicon steel: produced as a strip having a thickness of approximately 0.1 mm-0.3 mm and a width of 10 mm to 1100 mm and rolled up on spools. Perhaps most preferred for large cores considering price and already developed production technology. For use at low frequencies.
• b) Permalloys and / or iron-cobalt alloy (Permendur), produced as a strip, rolled up on coils. These are alloys with special magnetic properties with subgroups where very special properties have been cultivated.
• c) Amorphous alloys, Metglas: produced as a strip having a thickness of approximately 20 μm-50 μm, a width of 4 mm to 200 mm and rolled up in coils. Very high permeability, very low loss, can be produced with almost 0 magnetostriction. Exists in countless variations, iron based, cobalt based etc. Fantastic features but high price.
• d) Soft iron: sintered in special shapes, developed for the converter industry. Used at high frequencies due to low attenuation. Low flux density. Low losses. Limitations regarding physically realizable size.
• e) Compressed powder cores: compressed iron powder alloy in special forms, designed for special applications. Low permeability, maximally approximately 400-600 today. Low damping but high flux density. Can be produced in very complicated shapes.

All sintered and injection molded cores can be implemented in the topologies that are relevant to the invention without the need for special magnetic field connectors because the actual shape is made in such a way that closed magnetic paths for the relevant Fields are obtained.

If Cores are made based on rolled sheet metal they are replaced by one or more magnetic field connectors.

Claims (20)

Magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator, comprising: a first tubular body ( 20 ) and a second, inner tubular body ( 21 ), both made of a magnetizable material and providing a magnetic circuit, the bodies ( 20 . 21 ) are concentric relative to each other and thus have a common axis (A1), at least one first electrical conductor ( 8th ), which surround the tubular body ( 20 . 21 ) with at least one a first main winding ( 2 ) forming winding, and at least one second electrical conductor ( 9 ), which is in a gap ( 22 ) between the bodies ( 20 . 21 ) is provided and about the common axis (A1) of the body with at least one a second main winding or control winding ( 4 ) forming winding, or at least one electrical conductor ( 8th ), which is in a gap ( 22 ) between the bodies ( 20 . 21 ) is provided and about the common axis (A1) of the body with at least one a first main winding ( 2 ) forming winding, and at least one second electrical conductor ( 9 ), which surround the tubular body ( 20 . 21 ) around at least one of a second main winding or a control winding ( 4 ) winding winding, wherein the winding axis (A2) for the winding or windings in the main winding ( 2 ) at a right angle to the winding axis (A4) for the winding or windings in the control winding ( 4 ) stands with the aim of providing orthogonal magnetic fields (H1, B1, H2, B2) in the bodies and thereby the behavior of the magnetizable material relative to the field (H1, B1) in the main winding ( 2 ) by means of the field (H2, B2) in the control winding ( 4 ), characterized in that the first and second bodies are made of a wound film of magnetic material, and in that the controller is connected by means of the first and second bodies, a first magnetic field connector ( 10 ) and a second magnetic field connector ( 11 ) provides a closed magnetic circuit for the orthogonal magnetic fields (H1, B1, H2, B2), the first and second magnetic field connectors magnetically connecting the respective end surfaces of the first and second bodies. Regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic field connectors ( 10 . 11 ) all a split ( 13 ) in order to prevent the introduction of the first ( 8th ) or the second conductor ( 9 ) and the magnetic field path or the magnetic field H1 (B1) from the conductor ( 8th . 9 ) to interrupt. Regulator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a third electrical conductor ( 27 ) wound around a turn comprising a third main winding ( 3 ), where the winding axis (A3) for the winding or windings in the third main winding (FIG. 3 ) with the winding axis (A2) for the winding or windings in the first main winding ( 2 ) is coincident or parallel to it, and thus provides a transformer effect between the first and third main windings when at least one of them is excited. Regulator according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a third electrical conductor ( 27 ) wound around at least one turn comprising a third main winding ( 3 ), wherein the winding axis (A3) for the winding or windings in the third main winding (FIG. 3 ) with the winding axis (A4) for the winding or the windings in the control winding ( 4 ) or parallel to it, whereby a transformer effect between the third main winding ( 3 ) and the control winding ( 4 ) is provided if at least one of them is stimulated. Regulator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that; that it comprises an additional tubular body having an outer core ( 25 ) provided on the outside of the first, external tubular body ( 20 ) is mounted where the body ( 20 . 21 . 25 ) are concentric with each other and thus have a common axis (A1). Regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a third electrical conductor ( 27 ) around the external core ( 25 ) is wound around a turn having a third main winding ( 3 ), wherein the winding axis (A3) for the winding or windings in the third main winding (FIG. 3 ) with the winding axis (A2) for the winding or windings in the first main winding ( 2 ) is in line with or parallel to, thereby providing a transformer effect between the first two and third main windings ( 3 ) is provided when at least one of them is excited, or where the winding axis (A3) for the winding or turns in the third main winding ( 3 ) with the winding axis (A4) for the winding or the windings in the control winding ( 4 ) is coincident or parallel thereto, whereby a transformer effect between the third main winding ( 3 ) and the control winding, if at least one of them is stimulated. Regulator according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that the outer core ( 25 ) of a plurality of annular parts ( 25 ' . 25 '' , etc.) and that the first ( 2 ) and / or the third main winding ( 3 ) form individual windings around each annular part. Regulator according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the external core ( 25 ) of various annular parts ( 25 ' . 25 '' , etc.) and that the control winding ( 4 ) and / or the third main winding ( 3 ) form individual windings around each annular part. Use of a regulator according to one of the preceding claims as a component in a frequency converter for converting input frequency to any selected Output frequency, preferably provided for the operation of an asynchronous motor in a direct converter connection. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 as a connector in a frequency converter for converting a Input frequency in any selected output frequency and provided for operating an asynchronous motor for summing the parts of to a 6 or 12-pulse transformer generated phase voltage every engine phase. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 as a DC or AC converter, the DC voltage / current into an AC voltage / current an arbitrary one Output frequency converts where the stored magnetic energy in a DC-driven first main winding or primary winding inductance is varied by means of the orthogonal control field, which the Inductance, causing an AC voltage in the third Main winding or the secondary Winding in the voltage connector with a frequency equal to the frequency the flux change / inductance change is produced. Use of a regulator according to claim 11, where three such Voltage transformers of variable inductance are connected to a three-phase voltage with any selected Output frequency to be connected to the asynchronous machine is. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 for converting AC voltage to DC voltage within the process industry, where the device is controlled as a magnetoresistive variable transformer is used, where the output voltage is proportional to the magnetoresistance change in a core, magnetically parallel or in series with an external or internal Core with a separate secondary Winding is connected and where three or more such magnetoresistance-controlled Transformers with the known three-phase rectifier connections for 6- or 12-pulse rectifier connections for a diode output stage are connected. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 in rectifiers for converting AC voltage to DC voltage for use within the process industry, the device being voltage connectors forms as variable inductances in series with the primary windings used by known transformer connections, and where three or more such transformers with three-phase rectifier connections for 6 or 12-pulse rectifier connections for one Diode output stage are connected. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 for DC / AC or AC / DC converters for use in the field the switching power supplies, to reduce the size of the magnetic voltage converter, because the device is a magnetoresistive-controlled variable transformer forms where the output voltage proportional to the magnetoresistance change in a nucleus that is magnetically parallel or in series with one external or internal core with a separate secondary winding connected is. Use of a regulator according to claim 15, characterized that filters in which an inductance forms a part, with a variable inductance are provided. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 as a component in an adjustable voltage compensator in the high-voltage distribution network, where the device has linear variable inductance generated. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 as a component in an adjustable reactive power compensator (VAR compensator), the device being linear variable inductance generated in conjunction with known filter circuits, where at least a capacitor is also included as an element, wherein the Device in the form of a magnetoresistive-controlled transformer, which is used as an element in a compensator connection, where the capacity or inductance automatically coupled and adjusted in degree required to compensate for the reactive power is. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 in a magnetoresistance-controlled direct conversion system an AC voltage in a DC voltage. Use of a regulator according to one of claims 1 to 8 in a system for the magnetoresistance-controlled directional conversion of a DC voltage in an AC voltage.