DE60028240D1 - Apparat und verfahren zur verabreichung einer asymmetrischen strahlungsdosis - Google Patents

Apparat und verfahren zur verabreichung einer asymmetrischen strahlungsdosis

Info

Publication number
DE60028240D1
DE60028240D1 DE60028240T DE60028240T DE60028240D1 DE 60028240 D1 DE60028240 D1 DE 60028240D1 DE 60028240 T DE60028240 T DE 60028240T DE 60028240 T DE60028240 T DE 60028240T DE 60028240 D1 DE60028240 D1 DE 60028240D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
target tissue
asymmetric
radiation source
administration
radiation dose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE60028240T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE60028240T2 (de
Inventor
Rance A Winkler
J Patrick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cytyc Corp
Original Assignee
Proxima Therapeutics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23845007&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=DE60028240(D1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Proxima Therapeutics Inc filed Critical Proxima Therapeutics Inc
Publication of DE60028240D1 publication Critical patent/DE60028240D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE60028240T2 publication Critical patent/DE60028240T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
    • A61N5/1014—Intracavitary radiation therapy
    • A61N5/1015—Treatment of resected cavities created by surgery, e.g. lumpectomy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
    • A61N5/1002—Intraluminal radiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1005—Intraluminal radiation therapy with asymmetrical radiation pattern

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
DE60028240T 1999-12-16 2000-12-11 Apparat und verfahren zur verabreichung einer asymmetrischen strahlungsdosis Expired - Lifetime DE60028240T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/464,727 US6482142B1 (en) 1997-07-24 1999-12-16 Asymmetric radiation dosing apparatus and method
US464727 1999-12-16
PCT/US2000/033613 WO2001043826A1 (en) 1999-12-16 2000-12-11 Asymmetric radiation dosing apparatus and method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE60028240D1 true DE60028240D1 (de) 2006-06-29
DE60028240T2 DE60028240T2 (de) 2007-03-29

Family

ID=23845007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE60028240T Expired - Lifetime DE60028240T2 (de) 1999-12-16 2000-12-11 Apparat und verfahren zur verabreichung einer asymmetrischen strahlungsdosis

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6482142B1 (de)
EP (2) EP1702651B1 (de)
AT (2) ATE327003T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2907301A (de)
CA (1) CA2394562C (de)
DE (1) DE60028240T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2263515T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2001043826A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (88)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6875165B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2005-04-05 Retinalabs, Inc. Method of radiation delivery to the eye
US20040245483A1 (en) * 2001-05-15 2004-12-09 Smit Berend Jakobus Radiation application method and device
US6673006B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2004-01-06 Proxima Therapeutics, Inc. Tissue positioning apparatus and method for protecting tissue from radiotherapy
US20040030294A1 (en) * 2001-11-28 2004-02-12 Mahurkar Sakharam D. Retractable needle single use safety syringe
ATE412446T1 (de) * 2002-09-10 2008-11-15 Cianna Medical Inc Brachytherapievorrichtung
ATE353235T1 (de) * 2002-09-27 2007-02-15 Nucletron Bv Einrichtung zur strahlenbehandlung von proliferativem gewebe grenzend an eine körperhöhle
US8123698B2 (en) * 2002-10-07 2012-02-28 Suros Surgical Systems, Inc. System and method for minimally invasive disease therapy
US6695760B1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-02-24 Proxima Therapeutics Treatment of spinal metastases
US6923754B2 (en) * 2002-11-06 2005-08-02 Senorx, Inc. Vacuum device and method for treating tissue adjacent a body cavity
US8328710B2 (en) * 2002-11-06 2012-12-11 Senorx, Inc. Temporary catheter for biopsy site tissue fixation
US6749555B1 (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-06-15 Proxima Therapeutics, Inc. System and method for the treatment of spinal metastases
WO2004098523A2 (en) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 The Board Of Trustees At The University Of Illinois At Chicago Intraocular brachytherapy device and method
US7338430B2 (en) * 2003-06-18 2008-03-04 Xoft, Inc. Gynecological brachytherapy applicator and system
US20090112046A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Lovoi Paul A Brachytherapy Apparatus and Method Using Rotating Radiation Source
US20050015049A1 (en) * 2003-07-16 2005-01-20 Rioux Robert F. Temporary tissue spacer and pretreatment balloon
US8172770B2 (en) * 2005-09-28 2012-05-08 Suros Surgical Systems, Inc. System and method for minimally invasive disease therapy
US20120289859A9 (en) * 2003-08-27 2012-11-15 Nicoson Zachary R System and method for minimally invasive disease therapy
US7578781B2 (en) * 2003-09-18 2009-08-25 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Device for placement of needles and radioactive seeds in radiotherapy
US7783006B2 (en) * 2003-10-10 2010-08-24 Xoft, Inc. Radiation treatment using x-ray source
US20050080313A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-14 Stewart Daren L. Applicator for radiation treatment of a cavity
EP1529554B1 (de) * 2003-11-05 2006-08-02 NeoVista, Inc. Radioaktive Strahlungsquelle zur ophtalmischen Brachytherapie
US7354391B2 (en) 2003-11-07 2008-04-08 Cytyc Corporation Implantable radiotherapy/brachytherapy radiation detecting apparatus and methods
US7494457B2 (en) * 2003-11-07 2009-02-24 Cytyc Corporation Brachytherapy apparatus and method for treating a target tissue through an external surface of the tissue
US7905822B2 (en) 2003-11-20 2011-03-15 Cytyc Corporation Brachytherapy method and applicator for treatment of metastatic lesions in a load bearing region
US20050124843A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 Washington University Method and apparatus for delivering targeted therapy to a patient
DE102004033693B4 (de) * 2004-02-07 2015-10-22 Avent, Inc. Vorrichtung zur medizinischen Verödung von Geweben
CN101005873B (zh) 2004-02-12 2010-07-21 内奥维斯塔公司 用于眼内近程治疗的设备
EP1568397A1 (de) * 2004-02-25 2005-08-31 Acrostak Corp. Ballon zur Brachytherapie und deren Verwendung
WO2005115543A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-08 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Directionally emitting radioactive sources for brachytherapy
US7651458B2 (en) 2004-07-20 2010-01-26 Board Of Regents The University Of Texas System Adaptive intracavitary brachytherapy applicator
EP1778352B1 (de) * 2004-07-20 2011-05-11 The Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Adaptiver intrakavitärer brachytherapie-applikator
EP1781369A2 (de) 2004-07-22 2007-05-09 Cytyc Corporation Gewebepositionierungssystem zur anwendung bei strahlentherapie
US8079947B2 (en) * 2004-07-26 2011-12-20 Stillwagon Gary B Internal radiation therapy device
US20060094923A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-05-04 Calypso Medical Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for treating a patient using radiation therapy
US7662082B2 (en) * 2004-11-05 2010-02-16 Theragenics Corporation Expandable brachytherapy device
US7726318B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2010-06-01 Xoft, Inc. Radiation blocking patch for radio-therapy
US20080200834A1 (en) * 2005-09-28 2008-08-21 Mark Joseph L Introducer device for improved imaging
US7862496B2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2011-01-04 Cianna Medical, Inc. Brachytherapy apparatus and methods for using them
EP1951372A4 (de) 2005-11-15 2011-06-22 Neovista Inc Verfahren und gerät für die intraokulare brachytherapie
US7413539B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2008-08-19 Senorx, Inc. Treatment of a body cavity
US7517310B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2009-04-14 Senorx, Inc. Methods for tissue irradiation with shielding
US8079946B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2011-12-20 Senorx, Inc. Asymmetrical irradiation of a body cavity
US8273006B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2012-09-25 Senorx, Inc. Tissue irradiation
US8137256B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2012-03-20 Portola Medical, Inc. Brachytherapy apparatus
US20070270627A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-11-22 North American Scientific Brachytherapy apparatus for asymmetrical body cavities
WO2007106531A1 (en) * 2006-03-14 2007-09-20 C.R. Bard, Inc. Implant comprising radioactive seeds
US7862497B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2011-01-04 Portola Medical, Inc. Brachytherapy device having seed tubes with individually-settable tissue spacings
JP5213851B2 (ja) * 2006-06-02 2013-06-19 シアンナ・メディカル・インコーポレイテッド 拡張可能な小線源療法装置
US20080009658A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-01-10 Smith Peter C Radiation therapy apparatus with selective shielding capability
US20080071132A1 (en) * 2006-07-21 2008-03-20 Lamoureux Gary A Brachytherapy apparatus and method for treating tissue forming an internal body cavity
WO2008024959A2 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 C. R. Bard, Inc. Therapeutic and directionally dosed implants
EP2086640B1 (de) * 2006-10-08 2011-06-29 Cianna Medical, Inc. Expandierbares brachytherapiegerät
AU2007333731A1 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Cytyc Corporation Asymmetric radiation dosing devices and methods for brachytherapy
US8287442B2 (en) * 2007-03-12 2012-10-16 Senorx, Inc. Radiation catheter with multilayered balloon
US8740873B2 (en) * 2007-03-15 2014-06-03 Hologic, Inc. Soft body catheter with low friction lumen
US20080228023A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Senorx, Inc. Soft body catheter with low friction lumen
US8303477B2 (en) * 2007-08-24 2012-11-06 Cytyc Corporation Fluid radiation shield for brachytherapy
US8517907B2 (en) * 2007-12-16 2013-08-27 Cianna Medical, Inc. Expandable brachytherapy apparatus and methods for using them
US8328711B2 (en) * 2007-12-18 2012-12-11 Cytyc Corporation Selectable multi-lumen brachytherapy devices and methods
US20090156879A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 Cytyc Corporation Selectable Multi-Lumen Brachytherapy Devices and Methods
US8608632B1 (en) 2009-07-03 2013-12-17 Salutaris Medical Devices, Inc. Methods and devices for minimally-invasive extraocular delivery of radiation and/or pharmaceutics to the posterior portion of the eye
KR101691368B1 (ko) 2008-01-07 2016-12-30 살루타리스 메디컬 디바이스즈, 인코퍼레이티드 눈의 후부에 대한 방사선의 전달을 위한 외안의 최소한의 수술 장치
US8360950B2 (en) 2008-01-24 2013-01-29 Senorx, Inc. Multilumen brachytherapy balloon catheter
JP2011522603A (ja) 2008-06-04 2011-08-04 ネオビスタ、インコーポレイテッド 放射線源ワイヤを前進させるための手持ち放射線送達システム
US20100010287A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Senorx, Inc. Brachytherapy device with one or more toroidal balloons
WO2010022103A1 (en) * 2008-08-18 2010-02-25 Cianna Medical, Inc. Brachytherapy apparatus, systems, and methods for using them
US9248311B2 (en) * 2009-02-11 2016-02-02 Hologic, Inc. System and method for modifying a flexibility of a brachythereapy catheter
US9579524B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2017-02-28 Hologic, Inc. Flexible multi-lumen brachytherapy device
US10207126B2 (en) * 2009-05-11 2019-02-19 Cytyc Corporation Lumen visualization and identification system for multi-lumen balloon catheter
US8382650B2 (en) * 2009-05-11 2013-02-26 Cytyc Corporation Catheter marking for multi-lumen catheter identification
US8348825B2 (en) * 2009-06-30 2013-01-08 Varian Medical Systems Uk Limited Expanding multi-lumen applicator operating within a balloon
US9295856B2 (en) 2009-07-24 2016-03-29 Voxel Rad, Ltd. Systems and methods for treating cancer using brachytherapy
WO2011011731A2 (en) 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Voxel Rad, Ltd. Systems and methods for treating cancer using brachytherapy
US8444544B1 (en) 2009-09-03 2013-05-21 John J. Munro, III Device and method for intensity modulated brachytherapy
US8814775B2 (en) 2010-03-18 2014-08-26 Cianna Medical, Inc. Expandable brachytherapy apparatus and methods for using them
US9883919B2 (en) 2010-07-21 2018-02-06 Cianna Medical, Inc. Brachytherapy apparatus, systems, and methods for using them
US9352172B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-05-31 Hologic, Inc. Using a guide member to facilitate brachytherapy device swap
US20120108882A1 (en) * 2010-11-01 2012-05-03 Hoedl Seth A Brachytherapy Devices and Related Methods Providing Bioaborbability and/or Asymmetric Irradiation
US9067063B2 (en) 2010-11-03 2015-06-30 Cianna Medical, Inc. Expandable brachytherapy apparatus and methods for using them
US10342992B2 (en) 2011-01-06 2019-07-09 Hologic, Inc. Orienting a brachytherapy applicator
CN103889507B (zh) 2011-10-18 2016-09-21 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于显示导管放置位置的医疗装置
US8979725B2 (en) 2012-05-23 2015-03-17 Mark A. D'Andrea Brachytherapy tandem and ovoid implantation devices and methods
US9149653B2 (en) 2013-03-06 2015-10-06 Mark A. D'Andrea Brachytherapy devices and methods for therapeutic radiation procedures
US9192345B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-11-24 Mark A. D'Andrea Radiation devices and methods
US9604074B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-03-28 Mark A. D'Andrea Radiation treatment sheet devices and methods
US10456563B2 (en) * 2015-03-04 2019-10-29 Transmed7, Llc Steerable, conformable, drug eluting balloon catheter
US10086213B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2018-10-02 Mark A. D'Andrea Mobile gynecological balloon devices and methods
US10806339B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2020-10-20 Voxel Rad, Ltd. Systems and methods for treating cancer using brachytherapy

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4754745A (en) 1984-11-21 1988-07-05 Horowitz Bruce S Conformable sheet material for use in brachytherapy
US4706652A (en) 1985-12-30 1987-11-17 Henry Ford Hospital Temporary radiation therapy
US5422926A (en) 1990-09-05 1995-06-06 Photoelectron Corporation X-ray source with shaped radiation pattern
US5484384A (en) * 1991-01-29 1996-01-16 Med Institute, Inc. Minimally invasive medical device for providing a radiation treatment
DE9102312U1 (de) * 1991-02-27 1992-06-25 Merkel, Volkmar, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 8520 Erlangen Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Stenosen oder Wucherungen
US5429582A (en) 1991-06-14 1995-07-04 Williams; Jeffery A. Tumor treatment
EP0810006B1 (de) 1993-06-09 2000-08-30 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation System zur Strahlungstherapie
US6217503B1 (en) 1994-01-21 2001-04-17 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Apparatus and method to treat a disease process in a luminal structure
US5562594A (en) 1994-06-10 1996-10-08 Duke University Shielded mini-applicator system for radioactive source treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix
DE19526680A1 (de) 1995-07-21 1997-01-23 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Flexible, anpaßbare Kunststoff-Körper mit Einzelkathetern oder äquidistant eingebetteten Kathetern oder Hülsen zur Einführung von Kathetern für die Strahlentherapie
US5840008A (en) 1995-11-13 1998-11-24 Localmed, Inc. Radiation emitting sleeve catheter and methods
US5800333A (en) 1996-02-20 1998-09-01 United States Surgical Corporation Afterloader provided with remote control unit
US5851182A (en) 1996-09-11 1998-12-22 Sahadevan; Velayudhan Megavoltage radiation therapy machine combined to diagnostic imaging devices for cost efficient conventional and 3D conformal radiation therapy with on-line Isodose port and diagnostic radiology
US5882291A (en) * 1996-12-10 1999-03-16 Neocardia, Llc Device and method for controlling dose rate during intravascular radiotherapy
US5782742A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-07-21 Cardiovascular Dynamics, Inc. Radiation delivery balloon
US6033357A (en) * 1997-03-28 2000-03-07 Navius Corporation Intravascular radiation delivery device
US5913813A (en) 1997-07-24 1999-06-22 Proxima Therapeutics, Inc. Double-wall balloon catheter for treatment of proliferative tissue
AT407009B (de) * 1997-09-01 2000-11-27 Ali Dr Hassan Kathetereinrichtung zur radioaktiven behandlung von körperhohlräumen
WO1999033515A2 (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-08 Cook Incorporated Apparatus for supplying radioactive gas to a delivery device
WO1999042177A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-26 Radiance Medical Systems, Inc. Radioactive stent
US6036631A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-03-14 Urologix, Inc. Device and method for intracavitary cancer treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2907301A (en) 2001-06-25
EP1239920A1 (de) 2002-09-18
EP1702651A3 (de) 2008-11-26
EP1239920B1 (de) 2006-05-24
EP1702651B1 (de) 2011-09-14
CA2394562A1 (en) 2001-06-21
ES2263515T3 (es) 2006-12-16
ATE524218T1 (de) 2011-09-15
US6482142B1 (en) 2002-11-19
EP1702651A2 (de) 2006-09-20
EP1239920B8 (de) 2006-07-19
ATE327003T1 (de) 2006-06-15
WO2001043826A1 (en) 2001-06-21
DE60028240T2 (de) 2007-03-29
CA2394562C (en) 2004-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60028240D1 (de) Apparat und verfahren zur verabreichung einer asymmetrischen strahlungsdosis
ATE432108T1 (de) Doppelwandiger ballonkatheter zur behandlung von proliferativem gewebe
WO2004064916A3 (en) Brachytherapy, devices and methods of using them
WO2001054765A3 (en) Method and apparatus for alignment of medical radiation beams using a body frame
DK1217943T3 (da) Fremgangsmåde og apparat til bestemmelse af autofluorescens af hudvæv
GB2361399B (en) System and method for optimizing radiation treatment with an intensity modulating multi-leaf collimator
AU2618900A (en) Apparatus and method to encapsulate, kill and remove malignancies, including selectively increasing absorption of x-rays and increasing free-radical damage to residual tumors targeted by ionizing and non-ionizing radiation therapy
WO2006088886A3 (en) Peripheral brachytherapy of protruding conformable organs
WO2009142549A3 (en) Multi-axis charged particle cancer therapy method and apparatus
IL150604A0 (en) Method and apparatus for medical treatment utilizing long duration electromagnetic radiation
EA199900695A1 (ru) Проникновение анестезирующих средств для местного воздействия, осуществляемое с помощью лазера
BR9915080A (pt) Fonte radioativa para uso em braquiterapia, métodos para a preparação de uma fonte radioativa e para tratamento de uma condição que responde à terapia de radiação, e, composição
WO2010099126A3 (en) Therapeutic member including a rail to resist movement within a needle used in brachytherapy and other radiation therapy
RU2133129C1 (ru) Устройство для лечебной лучевой терапии
JP2014516639A (ja) 線量測定をカスタマイズ可能なブラキセラピー用キャリアを装着するための装置
HK1089401A1 (en) Drug eluting brachytherapy apparatus
DE602004029774D1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Strahlenbehandlung von einem eine Höhle umgebenden proliferativen Gewebe in einem tierischem Körper
DE602006017847D1 (de) Strahlentherapiesystem zur planung einer strahlentherapie
ES2165361T3 (es) Utilizacion de conjugados de bismuto-213 para el tratamiento de micrometastasis.
AU6431698A (en) Arrangement and reference means to direct a beam in radiation therapy
DE50201494D1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Anpassung der Strahlungsdosis einer Röntgenstrahlungsquelle
WO2005023367A3 (en) X-ray and gamma ray emitting temporary high dose rate brachyterapy source
WO2010033213A1 (en) Treatment of lesions or imperfections in skin, near-skin or in other anatomic tissues, including under direct visualization
RU2459645C1 (ru) Способ лечения рака полового члена и устройство для его осуществления
CN208905911U (zh) 精准目标导向的耳道癌放疗施源器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8327 Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner

Owner name: CYTYC CORP., MARLBOROUGH, MASS., US

8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8380 Miscellaneous part iii

Free format text: PFANDRECHT