DE597398C - Process for the production of crotonaldehyde - Google Patents
Process for the production of crotonaldehydeInfo
- Publication number
- DE597398C DE597398C DEH114533D DEH0114533D DE597398C DE 597398 C DE597398 C DE 597398C DE H114533 D DEH114533 D DE H114533D DE H0114533 D DEH0114533 D DE H0114533D DE 597398 C DE597398 C DE 597398C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acetaldehyde
- crotonaldehyde
- aldol
- alkali
- condensation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/65—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by splitting-off hydrogen atoms or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
- C07C45/66—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by splitting-off hydrogen atoms or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by dehydration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Crotonaldehyd Bisher hat man Crotonaldehyd durchweg aus Acetaldehyd, welcher aus Acetylen oder Alkohol entstanden war, erzeugt, da es nicht gelang, den aus der Holzverkohlung stammenden Acetaldehyd in technisch brauchbarer Weise in Crotonaldehyd überzuführen. Versuche der Erfinderin haben ergeben, daß die bisherigen Mißerfolge bei der Verarbeitung von Holzverkohlungsacetaldehyd darauf beruhen, daß dieses Produkt stets Methylformiat neben Essigsäure enthält, welches durch das zugesetzte Alkali verseift wird. An der Nichtberücksichtigung des Estergehaltes und des für seine Verseifung in Rechnung zu stellenden Alkaliverbrauches ist bisher die Verwendung von Holzverkohlungsacetaldehyd als Ausgangsmaterial für die Crotonaldehydherstellung gescheitert.Process for the production of crotonaldehyde So far, crotonaldehyde has been used consistently produced from acetaldehyde, which was formed from acetylene or alcohol, because it was not possible to use the acetaldehyde from charring in technical convertible way into crotonaldehyde. Experiments by the inventor have shown that the previous failures in the processing of charring acetaldehyde based on the fact that this product always contains methyl formate in addition to acetic acid, which is saponified by the added alkali. At disregard the ester content and the alkali consumption to be charged for its saponification so far is the use of charring acetaldehyde as a starting material for the crotonaldehyde production failed.
Auf Grund der nunmehr gewonnenen Erkenntnis ist es möglich, auch Acetaldehyd dieser Herkunft glatt zu verarbeiten. Man kann sogar auf die vorherige Entfernung des Methylformiats aus dem Acetaldehyd verzichten oder sich mit einer teilweisen Entfernung begnügen, -wenn man bei Bemessung des als Kondensationsmittel zu verwendenden Alkalis auch den Gehalt des Ausgangsmaterials an Ester in Rechnung stellt.Based on the knowledge now gained, it is possible to also use acetaldehyde of this origin to process smoothly. You can even go back to the previous distance renounce the methyl formate from the acetaldehyde or deal with a partial Suffice it to remove, if one is to use it as a condensation agent when dimensioning Alkalis also takes into account the ester content of the starting material.
Bei Verarbeitung von esterhaltigem Acetaldehyd wird gemäß der Erfindung .derart verfahren, daß die Gesamtalkalimenge um zur Abstumpfung der vorhandenen und gegebenenfalls sich noch bildenden Säure und zur Verseifung des in dem Ausgangsmaterial vorhandenen Esters erforderliche Menge vermehrt wird. Das so entstandene Rohaldol wird mit einer dem vorhandenen angewendeten Alkali äquivalenten Menge einer anorganischen Säure, z. B. Salzsäure oder Schwefelsäure, versetzt, wodurch die vorhandenen organischen Salze in die entsprechenden Mengen freier organischer Säuren und anorganischer Salze übergeführt werden.When processing ester-containing acetaldehyde, according to the invention .Proceed in such a way that the total amount of alkali to dull the existing and any acid still forming and for saponification of the in the starting material existing ester required amount is increased. The resulting Rohaldol is mixed with an amount of an inorganic one equivalent to the amount of alkali used Acid, e.g. B. hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, added, whereby the existing organic Salts in the appropriate amounts of free organic acids and inorganic salts be transferred.
Bei der Destillation des so erhaltenen Reaktionsgemisches geht zunächst noch etwas unveränderter Acetaldehyd über, welcher -wieder zur Aldolbildung verwendet werden kann; sodann geht ein Gemisch von Crotonaldehyd Lind Wasser über, welches sich in der Vorlage in zwei Schichten trennt. In dem Destillationsgefäß: bleibt ein fast weißes, trockenes und von harzigen Verunreinigungen freies Salz, im Falle der Verwendung von Schwefelsäure Natriumsulfat zurück. Beim Arbeiten nach den bisher üblichen Methoden tritt starke Verharzung ein, so daß man im Rückstand stets gelb gefärbte Aldehydharze, mitunter in Mengen von 2o bis 50 % des angewendeten. Acetaldehyds, vorfindet.During the distillation of the reaction mixture obtained in this way, initially somewhat unchanged acetaldehyde passes over, which can be used again for aldol formation; then a mixture of crotonaldehyde and water passes over, which separates into two layers in the template. In the distillation vessel: an almost white, dry salt free of resinous impurities remains, in the case of the use of sulfuric acid, sodium sulphate. When working according to the methods customary up to now, severe gumming occurs, so that yellow aldehyde resins are always found in the residue, sometimes in amounts of from 20 to 50 % of the amount used. Acetaldehyde.
Vorliegendes Verfahren bietet den Vorteil, daß der aus der Holzverkohlungsindustrie stammende Acetaldehyd in sehr einfacher Weise und unter Erzielung hoher Ausbeuten in Crotonaldehyd übergeführt werden kann. Eine genaue Bemessung des anzuwendenden Alkalis ist nicht nötig, da man durch den späteren Zusatz äquivalenter Mengen an anGrganischen Säuren an die bisher als besonders günstig angesehene Verwendung sehr kleiner Mengen alkalisch wirkender Zusätze nicht gebunden ist. Da die Aldolkondensation unter Anwendung eines genügenden Überschusses von Alkali durchgeführt werden kann und infolgedessen auch genügend Alkali vorhanden ist, um während der Reaktion gebildete Essigsäure zu binden, hat man auch nicht nötig, in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre zu arbeiten. Die Überführung des Acetaldehyds in Aldol erfolgt am einfachsten derart, daß man Ätzalkali nach und nach unter Umrühren dem Acetaldehyd zufügt, wobei man die Temperatur allmählich z. B. bis auf q.0° ansteigen läßt.The present process offers the advantage of that from the charring industry derived acetaldehyde in very simple Wise and with achievement can be converted into crotonaldehyde in high yields. An exact measurement of the alkali to be used is not necessary, as the later addition results in equivalents Quantities of organic acids to the use which has hitherto been regarded as particularly favorable very small amounts of alkaline additives is not bound. Since the aldol condensation can be carried out using a sufficient excess of alkali and consequently there is also sufficient alkali to be formed during the reaction It is also not necessary to bind acetic acid in a nitrogen atmosphere work. The easiest way to convert acetaldehyde into aldol is as follows: that caustic alkali is gradually added to the acetaldehyde with stirring, whereby one the temperature gradually z. B. can increase to q.0 °.
Es ist bereits bekannt, Acetaldehyd zu neutralisieren, hierauf geringe Mengen eines alkalischen Kondensationsmittels zuzufügen und nach Vollendung der Aldolkondensation mit so viel Säure zu neutralisieren, als der Gesamtmenge des zugesetzten Alkalis entspricht. Beispiele i. i5o kg sorgfältig rektifizierter Holzverkohlungsacetaldehyd mit einem Gehalt von 0,15 °/o freier Säure (berechnet als Essigsäure) und von o,5 °1Q Ameisensäuremethylester werden, wie oben beschrieben, mit 141 2 n-Natronlauge zu Aldol kondensiert. Das so erhaltene Rohaldol (D20 i,o6) wird nach Zusatz von 1d.1 2 n-Schwefelsäure versetzt und durch Destillation mit aufgesetzter Kolonne zunächst von überschüssigem Acetaldehyd befreit. Bei weiterem Destillieren gehen Crotonaldehyd und Wasser über, und in der Blase hinterbleibt als Rückstand fast weißes Natriumsulfat ohne harzige Beimengung. Die Ausbeute an Crotonaldehyd ist, bezogen auf das in Reaktion getretene Aldol, fast quantitativ.It is already known that acetaldehyde can be neutralized, but little Add quantities of an alkaline condensing agent and after completing the Neutralize aldol condensation with as much acid as the total amount of the added Alkali corresponds. Examples i. 150 kg of carefully rectified charring acetaldehyde with a content of 0.15% free acid (calculated as acetic acid) and 0.5 ° 1Q methyl formate, as described above, with 141 2 N sodium hydroxide solution condensed to aldol. The so obtained Rohaldol (D20 i, o6) is after the addition of 1d.1 2 added n-sulfuric acid and distilled with attached column first freed from excess acetaldehyde. Go with further distilling Crotonaldehyde and water over, and almost remains in the bladder as a residue white sodium sulfate without resinous admixture. The yield of crotonaldehyde is based on the reacted aldol, almost quantitative.
2. r5o kg eines nicht besonders rektifizierten Holzverkohlungsacetaldehyds, der 0,3 % freie Säure, berechnet als Essigsäure, und 1,2 0'o Methylformiat enthält, wird, wie oben angegeben, unter Verwendung von 221 2 n-Natronlauge für die Aldolbildung und von 221 2 n-Schwefelsäure für die Crotonaldehydherstellung verarbeitet. Auch hier ist die Ausbeute fast quantitativ.2. 50 kg of a not particularly rectified charring acetaldehyde, which contains 0.3% free acid, calculated as acetic acid, and 1.2% methyl formate, is, as stated above, using 221 2 N sodium hydroxide solution for aldol formation and processed from 221 2 n-sulfuric acid for the production of crotonaldehyde. Here, too, the yield is almost quantitative.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH114533D DE597398C (en) | 1927-12-28 | 1927-12-28 | Process for the production of crotonaldehyde |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH114533D DE597398C (en) | 1927-12-28 | 1927-12-28 | Process for the production of crotonaldehyde |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE597398C true DE597398C (en) | 1934-05-24 |
Family
ID=7172073
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEH114533D Expired DE597398C (en) | 1927-12-28 | 1927-12-28 | Process for the production of crotonaldehyde |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE597398C (en) |
-
1927
- 1927-12-28 DE DEH114533D patent/DE597398C/en not_active Expired
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