DE589959C - Process for the production of highly refractory stones - Google Patents

Process for the production of highly refractory stones

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Publication number
DE589959C
DE589959C DE1930589959D DE589959DA DE589959C DE 589959 C DE589959 C DE 589959C DE 1930589959 D DE1930589959 D DE 1930589959D DE 589959D A DE589959D A DE 589959DA DE 589959 C DE589959 C DE 589959C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
silica
production
corundum
highly refractory
percent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1930589959D
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German (de)
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Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr C Otto and Co GmbH filed Critical Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE589959C publication Critical patent/DE589959C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
    • C04B35/62665—Flame, plasma or melting treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C04B35/6316—Binders based on silicon compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5463—Particle size distributions
    • C04B2235/5472—Bimodal, multi-modal or multi-fraction

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfeuerfester Steine, die insbesondere für die Verwendung in den Brennern und Decken von Siemens-Martinöfen und anderen Stahl- oder Schmelzöfen in Frage kommen. Während für diese Öfen früher Schamottesteine Anwendung fanden, ist man in neuerer Zeit zu Steinen aus hochwertigem Silikamaterial übergegangen, ohne jedoch deren Erweichungspunkt über 17000 C bringen zu können.The subject of the invention is a method for the production of highly refractory bricks, which are particularly suitable for use in the burners and ceilings of Siemens Martin furnaces and other steel or smelting furnaces. While found earlier firebricks applying for these furnaces, it has moved recently to stones of high quality silica to be able to bring the softening point above 1700 0 C without however.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren für feuerfeste Steine wird von zwei Rohstoffen ausgegangen, und zwar einerseits einem körnigen, tonerdehaltigen Material, als das in erster Linie aus Bauxit erschmolzener Korund in Frage kommt. Die Korngröße soll über 0,2 mm liegen, vorzugsweise soll auch ein beträchtlicher Anteil mit einer Körnung von etwa 3 mm, gegebenenfalls bis zu 5 mm, darin enthalten sein. Derartiger technischer Korund hat einen Al2O3-Gehalt von etwa 96 °/0, in einzelnen Fällen auch nur 92 oder 94°/0; als untere Grenze kann man jedenfalls 9O°/0 annehmen. Als zweiter Rohstoff kommt eine pulverförmige Grundmasse in Frage, deren Bestandteile sämtlich unter 0,1 mm liegen sollen und die durch Mischung eines im wesentlichen aus Tonerde bestehenden Stoffes, wie Korundstaub, mit im wesentlichen aus Kieselsäure bestehenden Stoffen, wie Quarzit- oder SiI-bersandstaub, gebildet wird, wobei die Kieselsäure 10 bis 30 Gewichtsprozente der pulverförmigen Grundmasse, d. h. also etwa 5 bis 15 °/0 des fertigen Steines, ausmachen soll.The production method for refractory bricks according to the invention is based on two raw materials, on the one hand a granular, alumina-containing material, as the corundum melted primarily from bauxite. The grain size should be more than 0.2 mm, preferably a considerable proportion with a grain size of about 3 mm, optionally up to 5 mm, should also be included. Such technical corundum has an Al 2 O 3 content of from about 96 ° / 0, in some cases even 92 or 94 ° / 0; In any case, the lower limit can be assumed to be 90 ° / 0 . As a second raw material, a powdery base material comes into question, the constituents of which should all be less than 0.1 mm and which are produced by mixing a substance consisting essentially of alumina, such as corundum dust, with substances consisting essentially of silica, such as quartzite or silicon sand dust is formed, wherein the silica 10 to 30 percent by weight of the powdered base material, that is, about 5 to 15/0 of the finished stone, is to constitute °.

Es ist bereits mehrfach der Vorschlag gemacht worden, feuerfeste Steine unter hauptsächlicher Verwendung natürlichen oder technischen Korunds herzustellen und solchen Steinen auch einen gewissen Gehalt an Kieselsäure zu geben; als Bindemittel wurde hierbei jedoch Ton verwendet und die im fertigen Stein enthaltene Kieselsäure der Grundmas.se mit dem Ton hinzugefügt. Es wurde nun erkannt, daß aus technischem Korund hergestellte Steine nur dann eine besonders hohe Feuerfestigkeit erhalten, wenn in der Grundmasse sich noch freie, d. h. nicht an Tonerde gebundene Kieselsäure, und zwar in einem bestimmten Verhältnis zur Gesamtmenge der pulverförmigen Anteile, vorfindet. So wurde beispielsweise bei einer pulverförmigen Grundmasse, die zwischen 25 und 30 °/0 Kieselsäure enthielt, ein Druckerweichungspunkt von 1690 bis 17000 C festgestellt, wenn als Bindemittel ein CaO-Zusatz von 0,5 °/o benutzt wurde; der Druckerweichungspunkt der gleichen Massen ging auf Werte zwischen 1550 und 16000 C zurück, wenn statt des Kalkes ein 5 °/oiger Tonzusatz als Bindemittel Verwendung fand.The proposal has already been made several times to manufacture refractory bricks mainly using natural or technical corundum and to give such bricks a certain amount of silica; However, clay was used as a binding agent and the silica contained in the finished stone was added to the basic mass with the clay. It has now been recognized that stones made from technical corundum only have a particularly high fire resistance if there is still free, ie not bound to alumina, silica in the base material, in a certain ratio to the total amount of powdery components. Thus, a Druckerweichungspunkt 1690-1700 0 C was, for example, at a basic powder mass containing 25 to 30 ° / 0 silica, observed when was used as binder a CaO-addition of 0.5 ° / o; the Druckerweichungspunkt the same masses declined to levels 1,550 to 1,600 0 C when a 5 ° / oig it as a binder was used instead of lime clay additive.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren geschieht das Anmachen der Rohstoffe in der üblichen Weise; die Brenntemperatur beträgt vorzugsweise 1400 bis 15000 C. Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Steine wiesen beispielsweiseIn the production process according to the invention, the raw materials are mixed in the usual way; the firing temperature is preferably 1400 to 1500 ° C. The stones produced by the process according to the invention had, for example

einen Erweichungspunkt von 17800 auf, der
also erheblich über demjenigen bester Silikasteine liegt.a softening point of 1780 0 , the
so it is considerably higher than that of the best silica stones.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfeuerfester Steine durch Vermischen von annähernd gleichen Teilen körnigen technischen Korunds mit einem Tonerdegehalt
von wenigstens 90 Gewichtsprozent undProcess for the production of highly refractory bricks by mixing approximately equal parts of granular technical corundum with an alumina content
of at least 90 percent by weight and einer pulverförmigen Grundmasse, deren Korngröße unter ο, ι mm liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundmasse durch Mischung eines im wesentlichen aus Tonerde bestehenden Stoffes, wie Korundstaub, mit im wesentlichen aus Kieselsäure bestehenden Stoffen, wie Quarzit- oder Silbersandstaub, gebildet wird und die Kieselsäure 10 bis 30 Gewichtsprozent der pulverförmigen Grundmasse ausmacht. a powdery base mass, the grain size of which is below ο, ι mm, thereby characterized in that the matrix is formed by mixing a material consisting essentially of alumina existing substance, such as corundum dust, with essentially silica existing substances, such as quartzite or silver sand dust, is formed and the silica 10 to 30 percent by weight the powdery base mass. BEBLIN. GEDRUCKT IN DER HEICHSDIIÜCKEKEIBEBLIN. PRINTED IN THE HEICHSDIIÜCKEI
DE1930589959D 1930-04-25 1930-04-25 Process for the production of highly refractory stones Expired DE589959C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE589959T 1930-04-25

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DE589959C true DE589959C (en) 1933-12-22

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DE (1) DE589959C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009999B (en) * 1953-11-24 1957-06-06 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Process for the production of refractory ceramic masses
DE102008061494B3 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-03-25 Tapetenfabrik Gebr. Rasch Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for treating wall linings, particularly wall papers, made up of cellulose, glass fabric or plastic, involves dyeing side edges of wall lining after side edge retrenchment by printing side edges

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009999B (en) * 1953-11-24 1957-06-06 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Process for the production of refractory ceramic masses
DE102008061494B3 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-03-25 Tapetenfabrik Gebr. Rasch Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for treating wall linings, particularly wall papers, made up of cellulose, glass fabric or plastic, involves dyeing side edges of wall lining after side edge retrenchment by printing side edges

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