DE584505C - Wind power machine with propeller blades that can be adjusted by their own centrifugal force against the action of springs - Google Patents

Wind power machine with propeller blades that can be adjusted by their own centrifugal force against the action of springs

Info

Publication number
DE584505C
DE584505C DE1930584505D DE584505DD DE584505C DE 584505 C DE584505 C DE 584505C DE 1930584505 D DE1930584505 D DE 1930584505D DE 584505D D DE584505D D DE 584505DD DE 584505 C DE584505 C DE 584505C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
springs
wind power
power machine
centrifugal force
wing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1930584505D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Zycha
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schuckertwerke AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE584505C publication Critical patent/DE584505C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224Adjusting blade pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

Windkraftmaschine mit durch die Eigenfliehkraft entgegen der Wirkung von Federn verstellbaren Propellerflügeln Windräder mit durch die Eigenfliehkraft entgegen der Wirkung von Federn verstellbaren Propellerflügeln sind bekannt. Die bisher für die Abfederung verwendeten Schraubenfedern sind aber nicht geeignet, die Flügel gegen die Eigenfliehkraft abzufedern, da sie zusätzliche Fliehkräfte in die Anordnung hineinbringen. Diese zusätzlichen Fliehkräfte sind gegenüber der Fliehkraft des Flügels keineswegs vernachlässigbar klein, weil die Federn nicht 'aus dem. gleichen Baustoff wie die Flügel bestehen und ein verhältnismäßig großes spezifisches Gewicht haben. Bei Verwendung von Schraubenfedern besteht außerdem die Gefahr, daß der gefederte Flügel in radialer Richtung pendelt, da bei Flügelrädern durch die Flügel der Luftstrom periodisch unterbrochen und in Schwingungen versetzt wird, so daß diese Schwingungen mit den Eigenschwingungen der Federn in. Resonanz treten und Feder- und Flügelbrüche zur Folge haben. Außerdem entstehen durch das radiale Pendeln umlaufender Massen periodische Fliehkraftschwingungen, die die Flügel. und den sie haltenden Nabenkörper äußerst ungünstig beanspruchen. Um diese - Nachteile zu vermeiden, werden erfindungsgemäß als Flügelfedern in der Propellernabe untergebrachte Blattfedern vorgesehen. Die ganze Windradkonstruktion wird nicht nur unmittelbar wegen ihrer geringeren Eigenfliehkraft entlastet, sondern es wird auch wegen des geringeren radialen Raumbedarfs der Blattfedern eine Verkleinerung der Nabe und deren Fliehkraft bewirkt, so daß die Nabe doppelt entlastet wird. Die Verkleinerung der Nabe ergibt ihrerseits wieder bei gleicher Leistung einen kleineren Flügelraddurchmesser und daher einerseits kleinere Flügelfliehkräfte und anderseits kleineren Winddruck, so daß dadurch die Tragkonstruktion wesentlich kleiner wird.Wind power machine with by its own centrifugal force against the effect propeller blades adjustable by springs with wind turbines by their own centrifugal force Propeller blades adjustable against the action of springs are known. the However, the coil springs previously used for cushioning are not suitable cushion the wings against the centrifugal force, as they have additional centrifugal forces bring into the arrangement. These additional centrifugal forces are compared to the Centrifugal force of the wing is by no means negligibly small because the springs are not 'from the. the same building material as the wings and a relatively large one have specific gravity. When using coil springs there is also the risk that the spring-loaded wing oscillates in the radial direction, as with impellers the airflow is periodically interrupted and caused to vibrate by the blades so that these vibrations resonate with the natural vibrations of the springs step and break the feathers and wings. In addition, the radial oscillations of rotating masses periodic centrifugal oscillations that affect the wings. and stress the hub body holding them extremely unfavorably. To this - disadvantages to avoid, are accommodated according to the invention as wing springs in the propeller hub Leaf springs provided. The whole wind turbine construction is not just immediate relieved because of their lower centrifugal force, but it is also because of the less radial space requirement of the leaf springs, a reduction in the size of the hub and whose centrifugal force causes so that the hub is relieved twice. The downsizing the hub in turn results in a smaller impeller diameter with the same output and therefore on the one hand smaller wing centrifugal forces and on the other hand smaller wind pressure, so that this makes the supporting structure much smaller.

In den Fig. z und a ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung im Quer- und Längsschnitt dargestellt. Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 3 , im Querschnitt wiedergegeben. a bedeutet die Propellernabe, b die Flügel, c die Flügelachsen und d das die Flügelstellung bestimmende Gewinde mit der zugehörigen Mutter e. Mit f sind zwei Blattfedern bezeichnet, die sich gegen die Kugellager g stützen. Die Blattfedern f haben in der Mitte eine Bohrung, durch die die Flügelachse c hindurchreicht. Die Federn f liegen annähernd in der Richtung der Achse des Propellers. Die Ausführung ist so getroffen, daß die Federn f unabhängig voneinander wirken.In Figs. Z and a, an embodiment of the invention is shown in cross section and longitudinal section. Another embodiment is shown in Fig. 3, in cross section. a means the propeller hub, b the blades, c the blade axes and d the thread with the associated nut e that determines the blade position. Two leaf springs are designated by f , which are supported against the ball bearings g. The leaf springs f have a hole in the middle through which the wing axis c extends. The springs f are approximately in the direction of the axis of the propeller. The design is such that the springs f act independently of one another.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.3 ist die Nabe durch eine Zwischenwand h in zwei Kammern unterteilt, in denen je eine Blattfeder f liegt. Diese Zwischenwand h kann lose und ohne besondere Befestigung eingesetzt werden. Die Achsen der gegenüberliegenden Flügel b liegen parallel zueinander und sind mit ihren Enden je in der entgegengesetzt gegenüberliegenden Nabenhälfte gelagert. Die Federn f drücken von beiden Seiten auf die lose Zwischenwand h und halten diese annähernd im Gleichgewicht. Zur Verhinderung einer Drehbewegung der Zwischenwand h .sind an der Wand der Naben Stützen i angebracht. Die Kugellager g werden auch bei dieser Ausführungsform auf die zugehörigen Flügelachsen aufgeschraubt. Hierdurch ist man in der Lage, die Vorspannung der Federn f je nach Bedarf zu vergrößern oder zu verkleinern. Der eine Laufring der Kugellager g dient gleichzeitig als Schraubenmutter. Die Mutter des Gewindes d, durch das die Drehung der Flügel unter dem Einfluß der Federspannung oder der Fliehkraft bewirkt wird, ist an der dem zugehörigen Flügel gegenüberliegenden Stelle der Nabenwand gelagert.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the hub is divided into two chambers by a partition h, in each of which there is a leaf spring f . This partition h can be used loosely and without special fastening. The axes of the opposite wings b are parallel to each other and are each supported with their ends in the opposite hub half. The springs f press from both sides on the loose partition h and keep it approximately in equilibrium. To prevent the partition h from rotating, supports i are attached to the wall of the hubs. The ball bearings g are screwed onto the associated wing axles in this embodiment as well. This enables the preload of the springs f to be increased or decreased as required. The one race of the ball bearing g also serves as a screw nut. The nut of the thread d, by means of which the rotation of the vanes is effected under the influence of the spring tension or the centrifugal force, is mounted at the point on the hub wall opposite the associated vane.

In den Ausführungsbeispielen liegen die Federn f annähernd in der Richtung der Achse der Propeller. Es ist natürlich auch möglich, die Federn in einer hierzu senkrechten Richtung anzubringen. Ebenso kann die Anordnung nach den Fig. = und 2 so ausgeführt werden, daß sich die Federn f gegeneinander stützen.In the exemplary embodiments, the springs f are approximately in the Direction of the axis of the propeller. It is of course also possible to have the springs in one to be attached in a perpendicular direction. The arrangement according to FIGS. = and 2 are designed so that the springs f are supported against each other.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Windkraftmaschine mit durch die Eigenfliehkraft entgegen der Wirkung von Federn verstellbaren Propellerflügeln, die durch eine schraubenförmig gewundene Nut verstellt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Flügelfedern in der Propellernabe (a) untergebrachte Blattfedern (f) vorgesehen sind. Windkraftmaschine nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Propellernabe (a) durch eine oder mehrere gesondert eingesetzte Längswände (h) in Kammern unterteilt ist, in denen die Blattfedern (f ) angebracht sind. 3. Windkraftmaschine nach Anspruch i oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die parallel zueinander versetzten Achsen (c) gegenüberliegender Flügel (b) bis, in durch Längswände (h) gebildete, den gegenüberliegenden Flügeln (b) benachbarte Kammern verlängert sind, in denen die zugehörigen Blattfedern (f) liegen. q.. Windkraftmaschine nach Anspruch i, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das die Flügelstellung bestimmende Gewinde (d) auf der vom Flügelkörper abgekehrten Seite der Blattfeder (f) liegt und dort vorzugsweise eine in der Nabenwand (a) gelagerte, durch Drehung verstellbare Mutter (e) hat.PATENT CLAIMS: i. Wind power machine with by its own centrifugal force counter to the action of springs adjustable propeller blades, which are screwed by a winding groove are adjusted, characterized in that as wing springs in the propeller hub (a) housed leaf springs (f) are provided. Wind power machine according to claim i, characterized in that the propeller hub (a) by one or several separately inserted longitudinal walls (h) is divided into chambers in which the leaf springs (f) are attached. 3. Wind power machine according to claim i or 2, characterized in that the mutually offset axes (c) are opposite one another Wing (b) to the opposite wings formed by longitudinal walls (h) (b) adjacent chambers are extended, in which the associated leaf springs (f) lie. q .. Wind power machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that that the thread (d) determining the wing position on the one facing away from the wing body Side of the leaf spring (f) and there preferably one in the hub wall (a), has nut (s) adjustable by rotation.
DE1930584505D 1930-04-18 1930-08-22 Wind power machine with propeller blades that can be adjusted by their own centrifugal force against the action of springs Expired DE584505C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT584505X 1930-04-18

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DE584505C true DE584505C (en) 1933-09-21

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1036780B (en) * 1954-10-12 1958-08-14 Pintsch Electro Gmbh Device for automatically reducing the blade position with high-speed wind turbines
EP0138537A2 (en) * 1983-10-07 1985-04-24 Nordisk Ventilator Co. A/S An axial flow fan impeller
WO2004011800A1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-05 Natus Technology Corp. Pitch governing assembly for windmills

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1036780B (en) * 1954-10-12 1958-08-14 Pintsch Electro Gmbh Device for automatically reducing the blade position with high-speed wind turbines
EP0138537A2 (en) * 1983-10-07 1985-04-24 Nordisk Ventilator Co. A/S An axial flow fan impeller
EP0138537A3 (en) * 1983-10-07 1985-05-29 Nordisk Ventilator Co. A/S An axial flow fan impeller
WO2004011800A1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-05 Natus Technology Corp. Pitch governing assembly for windmills
US6761533B2 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-07-13 Natus Technology Corp. Pitch governing assembly for windmills

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