DE53260C

DE53260C - Power machine with two pistons rotating in opposite directions working in the same cylinder

Info

Publication number: DE53260C
Application number: DENDAT53260D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: H. GRAFTON in Wardrobe Chambers, Queen Victoria Street, City of London, England
Anticipated expiration: 1909-08-25

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

KLASSE 14: Dampfmaschinen.CLASS 14: Steam Engines.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Construction eines Motors, der namentlich für hohe Geschwindigkeit geeignet ist. Der Hauptzweck der Construction ist, bei gröfster Einfachheit eine Massenausgleichung der bewegten Theile, so weit als es mit Treibkolben, die als Vertheilungsschieber wirken, möglich ist, zu erreichen. Zudem soll mit dem Kolben ein zeitiges Abschneiden des Dampfes oder dergleichen erreicht werden, also eine starke Expansion, wie sie gewöhnlich nur mit einem sehr grofsen Schieber und bei grofsem Hub desselben erzielt werden kann, wobei der Schieber dann aber nur den Ein- und Austritt des Dampfes oder sonstigen treibenden Fluidums zu regeln hat. Mit dem Motor soll ein Expansionsgrad erreicht werden, wie man ihn sonst nur mit complicirten Schiebersteuerungen erreichen kann.The present invention relates to the construction of a motor, especially for high Speed is appropriate. The main purpose of the construction is, with the greatest simplicity an equalization of the masses of the moving parts, as far as it is with motive pistons, which act as distribution slides act, is possible, to achieve. In addition, the piston is intended to be used to cut off the steam or the like in good time can be achieved, that is, a strong expansion, such as is usually only possible with a very large slide and with a large stroke the same can be achieved, with the slide then only the entry and exit of the steam or other driving fluid. The engine should have a degree of expansion can be achieved in a way that can otherwise only be achieved with complicated slide controls.

Zu diesem Zwecke wird der Motor mit zwei Kolben ausgeführt, von welchen der eine zugleich als Vertheilungsorgan wirkt. Diese Kolben arbeiten in demselben Cylinder an einer Welle, deren Kurbeln unter einem solchen Winkel stehen, dafs die für den gröfsten Theil zwar nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen, also gegenläufig, erfolgenden Bewegungen der Kolben mit Bezug auf einander doch verschieden zu den Bewegungen mit Bezug auf den Cylinder stattfinden, damit einer der Kolben als Vertheilungsorgan wirken kann. Die gesammte auf die Welle übertragene effective Arbeit der beiden Kolben wird annähernd proportional zur Summe ihrer zurückgelegten Wege und äquivalent derjenigen eines Kolbens von gleichem Flächeninhalt sein, dessen Hublänge gleich ist dem doppelten Winkelabstande zwischen den genannten Kurbeln, d. h: der doppelten Sehne des Bogens, während die wirkliche Hublänge eines jeden der Kolben nur gleich ist dem doppelten Radius der Kurbel, mit welcher der Kolben verbunden ist. Ferner ist die Minimallänge der Pleuelstange des der Triebwelle zunächst liegenden Kolbens proportional dem wirksamen Radius der Kurbel und etwas gröfser als die Hälfte derjenigen Länge, die für einen einzelnen Kolben mit dem vorerwähnten gröfseren Hub nöthig ist, so dafs die Länge des Motors viel kleiner ausfällt als gewöhnlich.For this purpose, the engine is designed with two pistons, one of which at the same time acts as a distribution organ. These pistons work in the same cylinder on a shaft, the cranks below such a Angles, so that for the greatest part they are in opposite directions, that is in opposite directions, the movements of the pistons with respect to each other are different the movements with respect to the cylinder take place, so that one of the pistons acts as a distributor can work. The entire effective work of the two pistons transferred to the shaft is approximately proportional to the sum of their traveled paths and equivalent to that of a piston of the same area, its stroke length is equal to twice the angular spacing between said cranks, i.e. h: the double chord of the bow, while the real stroke length of each of the pistons only is equal to twice the radius of the crank to which the piston is connected. Further the minimum length of the connecting rod of the piston closest to the drive shaft is proportional the effective radius of the crank and slightly larger than half that Length which is necessary for a single piston with the above-mentioned larger stroke, so that the length of the engine is much smaller than usual.

Fig. ι der Zeichnung zeigt einen senkrechten Schnitt in der Ebene der Kurbelwelle durch einen solchen Motor, Fig. 2 einen mittleren senkrechten Schnitt rechtwinklig zu demjenigen in Fig. i, Fig. 3 einen horizontalen Schnitt nach Linie 1-1, Fig. i, und Fig. 4 einen ähnlichen Schnitt nach Linie 2-2, Fig. 1.Fig. Ι of the drawing shows a vertical Section in the plane of the crankshaft through such an engine, FIG. 2 a middle one perpendicular section at right angles to that in Fig. i, Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section along line 1-1, Fig. i, and Fig. 4 a similar one Section along line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Der Motor arbeitet mit den beiden einfach wirkenden Kolben AB, die beide in der Bohrung des festliegenden Cylinders C angeordnet und beide mit einer gemeinsamen Kurbelwelle verbunden sind. An eine mittlere Kröpfung oder Kurbel D dieser Welle greift der untere Kolben A mittelst der Pleuelstange E an, während der obere Kolben B mit zwei äufseren Kröpfungen F durch die beiden Pleuelstangen G verbunden ist. Die Wellenkröpfungen F sind gleichgerichtet und so viel wie möglich diametral zu der Kröpfung D, so weit es die Bestimmung des Kolbens B, zugleich als Vertheilungsorgan zu wirken, ermöglicht. Als praktisch hat sich eine Abweichung um etwa 40° von der Diametralstellung ergeben; es findet dann dieThe engine works with the two single-acting pistons AB, which are both arranged in the bore of the fixed cylinder C and both are connected to a common crankshaft. The lower piston A engages a central crank or crank D of this shaft by means of the connecting rod E , while the upper piston B is connected to two outer cranks F by the two connecting rods G. The shaft crankings F are in the same direction and as much as possible diametrically opposite the cranking D, as far as the determination of the piston B, at the same time to act as a distribution organ, allows. A deviation of about 40 ° from the diametrical position has been found to be practical; it then finds the

Claims

Mass balancing and steam distribution take place most perfectly. Accordingly, the offset D is offset from the outer offset F by about 1400. The piston B acts as a distribution slide, in that it cuts off the inner surface of the working cylinder C, and for this purpose the cylinder is provided with two channels H and J lying in the inner circumferential surface, which serve for the inlet and outlet and with the inlet respectively Communicate the outlet channel. The upper hollow piston B, which simultaneously acts as a distribution slide and piston, closes in the cylinder C and has a row of channels K extending towards the surrounding area, which meet the inlet and outlet channels H and J of the cylinder in good time. The upper part of the lower piston A enters the cavity b of the piston B, and there is sufficient clearance between the two in the most advanced position relative to one another. The whole machine can be enclosed in a housing, one part of which is made in one piece with the cylinder, the inlet and outlet ducts, and the upper halves of the shaft bearings. This part of the housing is bolted to a box surrounding the cranks, in which the cranks move in an oil or water bath, and the crankshaft bearings are stuffed with glands to keep them tight. The crankshaft carries a flywheel located outside the housing and at the top the housing is closed by means of a hood. When the parts of the motor rotating in the direction of the arrow are in the position shown, the downward moving piston B begins to open the inlet duct H, and fresh steam passes between the pistons. As soon as the cranks D and F, if one may say so, have passed the common dead center, the pistons are pushed apart by the steam pressure, and when the piston B moves back into the position shown when going up, the steam inlet is closed and the Steam then continues to act through expansion until the channels K meet the outlet channel J. The living force of the flywheel completes the stroke and rotation of the shaft. Before the completion of a revolution, the exhaust duct closes in order to obtain the compression necessary for a degenerative gait. The advantages of the engine are as follows: simplicity and cheapness of construction, strong, approximately fivefold expansion and associated steam savings, which are achieved here without compound action and complicated control; Furthermore, slide relief with a large base area and short channels, as well as a small crank radius compared to the real stroke, small stroke and as a result of this generation of a little living force compared to the real stroke, long connecting rods in relation to the crank radius and due to its low friction in the guides, finite approximate equalization of the masses of the moving parts. Patent claims:

1. An engine, characterized by the arrangement of two pistons (AB) in a cylinder and in connection with a crankshaft, the cranks (DF) of which are seated at such an angle to each other that the distribution piston (B) passes through a series of channels (K ), which lie in its wall, which lets the steam or the like flow in, cut off and flow out, so that the channels (K) interact with the inlet channels (H) and outlet channels (J) located in the cylinder wall, so that the introduction of the motive force between them the pistons and their removal takes place without special distribution organs.

2. For the engine marked under 1.:

a) the connection of the distribution piston (B) with the two side cranks (F) by means of the connecting rods (G) and of the second piston ^ with the central crank (D) of the shaft by means of the connecting rod (E), which cranks are so offset from one another that the movement of the pistons is compensated as far as is permissible in order to maintain the activity of piston (B) as a distributing organ for the inlet and outlet as perfectly as possible;

b) a distribution piston (B) with a cavity (b), in the wall of which the channels (K) interacting with the channels (H) and (J) of the cylinder wall are arranged, in connection with the piston (A) acting in the form of a hood in the same cylinder ), which can enter the cavity of the piston (B) without touching it.

1 sheet of drawings.