DE529174C - Devices for transposing keys - Google Patents

Description

Devices for transposing keys. Devices for transposing of keys are already known. These consist of several that can be rotated against each other Rings on which the individual tones are arranged according to a certain scheme are. Transposing devices of this known type have the disadvantage, however, that the simple embodiments mainly only transpose chords serve while establishing all of the tones which are in other keys to the the sound to be transposed is not possible.

There are now already known transposition devices, which above Enable determinations; however, these devices consist of a plurality concentric rings, making these devices difficult to operate, and especially because it is used to transpose keys, if not the C major or minor key is assumed, several measures are necessary.

All of this is made possible by the device according to the invention for transposing accounted for by keys. The device consists of three mutually rotatable, concentric rings, which in separate subdivisions are the names of the individual tones with # and b accidental symbols as well as the names of the individual tones Write intervals and chords in letters. The feature of the invention is that .that the two outer rings are firmly connected to one another on the axis of rotation, so that the correspondingly applied to the outer ring surfaces of the three disks Scales, chords, intervals and accidentals. By twisting the, discs can be brought into dependent relationship to one another.

The figures show an embodiment of an inventive Facility, namely Fig. R the front in plan view, Fig.2 the back in plan view, Fig. 3 an axial section, Fig. q. a radial section of the front (Fig.r) of the device with the reference symbols associated with the individual rings, Fig.5 a radial section of the rear (Fig. 2) of the device with the .den reference numerals assigned to individual rings, Fig. 6 the rear of the device with the panes in a different position, Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the rear the facility.

The device is formed by three rotating bodies i, h and L. The rotating bodies i and l are rigidly connected to one another, while the rotating body h is mounted freely rotatably between the disks i and l . The disk l has a smaller radius than die.Scheibei and this a smaller radius than the disk ia. The disk i is provided with six concentric rings II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, which continue on the disk k in the concentric rings VIII and IX. The visible surface of the disks i and k is divided into a .. fields of equal size by radial lines. A double line in divides the disk i into two equal halves, namely into the major half o and minor half n. The double lines an 'on disk k indicate the rest or basic position of the device.

One half o is used to transpose major chords and major scales, while the other halves transpose minor chords, and minor scales serves. By and large, the two halves have almost the same numbers, note names and other signs.

On the major half o of fig. R there are the following on the various rings Signs and intervals or chords provided: On the ring IX of the disc k: In # Chromatic order of the individual tones of an octave, starting with the tone his or c.

On ring VIII of disk k: The individual notes of an octave in chromatic sequence, starting with the tone c.

On ring VII of disk i: The individual intervals (prime, second, Third, fourth, ouint, sixth and seventh). In addition to the individual words, there are also the corresponding numbers are given. Between the prime and the second, the second and the third, the fourth and the fifth, the ouint and the .ext, the sixth and the sept has a free radial field, since the difference is a whole pitch and the semitone steps are also taken into account in rings VIII and IX are. The third and fourth are arranged in adjacent fields because of the difference is only half a tone. The free fields are kept in white; while the fields bearing the names of the intervals each have the same hatching or Own color.

On ring VI of disk i: The major or large triad chord. The notes belonging to this chord are indicated by white circles. Of the first circle lies in the radial skin of the prim of ring VII, the second circle in radial field of third, and the third circle in the radial field of ouint. Of the Prim to the ouint, the ring section is marked by hatching or color.

On the ring V of the discs: The diminished major chord, marked by rings in the individual fields. The part of the ring covered by the chord is identified by special hatching. At the last note of the diminished Major chords are joined in the same ring by the major or dominant seventh chord at. The individual notes of this chord are indicated by circles. Remarkable is: that the dominant seventh Aldzord extends into the minor half of disk i extends. It is identified by special hatching or color. He has same value for major and minor chords.

On the ring IV: the excessive major accordid. _ The individual tones are marked by 'circles.

The chord is identified by a special color or hatching.

On ring III: the individual radial fields are in the same Hatched or colored like the corresponding fields of the ring VII. You thus mark the intervals.

Ring II This is provided with the word major and is intended to indicate the type of mark the corresponding half.

The minor half is designed in a very similar way to that In other words, there are only half of the differences between the following rings: Ring VII of the discs: Here are the intervals according to the harmonious Montan ladders arranged. The second and the minor third are next to each other, since only half a Tone level lies between them. The same is true for the fifth and the minor sixth housed in adjacent errors. The color of those associated with the intervals In contrast to the major half, fields is hatched differently and in a different color held.

In the case of ring VI: here is not the triad as in the major half, but -the minor or minor triad indicated. The individual notes of the triad are marked in the same way as with the half of the Dux. However, they are Fields hatched differently than the corresponding fields in the major half. Color or The hatching of these fields corresponds to the interval fields of the same half.

With the ring V: This only carries part of the treatment the dominant seventh Akkoyds already mentioned in the major half. The remaining fields of this Ringes are free.

In the case of ring IV: -In this are the minor chords related to the first degree specified. The major chords are kept in the same color or hatching like the interval fields the major half. On the other hand, possess the minor chords Hatching or color of the intervals of the minor half.

For rings III and II: These are the same as for the major half held the rest of the rings. The color or hatching is just like that of the interval fields.

The disk Z and the associated part of the disk h are also divided into rings II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI. The rings II through VII here lie on the disk 1, while the rings VIII through XI lie on the back of the disk k. Here, too, the disk l is divided into two halves m and o by a double line m, one of which is used for transposing major keys and the other for transposing minor keys. The double line m is exactly in line with the double line na on the front (Fig. I).

Since the two halves with the exception of the major and minor keys certain differences bear the same mark, then both halves are together treated.

Wear the individual rings: Ring VIII and IX on the back of the disc k and .Ring VI and VII or washer l; the # and b chromatic scales in the same In the same way as rings VIII and IX on disc i (fig. I), but the scales clockwise continuously, scales backwards or downwards with the notes h (ces) and h begin. This arrangement is made so that the specified tone signals match the front of the transposer.

Rings X and XI: These are divided into twice as many radial fields as the rest of the ring; they carry, namely the ring X on the left smaller radial sections each of a larger radial section, digits for the number of -script symbols which are assigned to the major scale beginning with the corresponding tone in ring VIII or the key designated by this tone. The fields carrying the numbers are provided with the usual hatching. The right-hand fields of the larger radial sections of the ring X have digits corresponding to the number of b-accidental signs, which are assigned to the minor scales or to the key designated by this tone in ring VIII. The fields are hatched here according to the minor scales. The ring XI bears in the same way as the ring X the digits of the # -scripts, which belong to the scale beginning with the corresponding tone in ring IX or to the key designated by this tone. The sections on the left are for the major keys and the sections on the right are for the minor keys. In each of the free fields, b or # signs are provided, which are intended to indicate the type of accidentals the associated ring indicates. The number of accidentals, which belongs to the less common keys, has been crossed out because the harmonious key with less # or flat is preferable for the easier reading. For example (see the fourth radial field on disk k ring X and XI) instead of G sharp major with 8 #, A flat major with ¢ b should be used in the same way instead of A flat minor with G sharp minor with 5 # . The keys not in brackets in ring VII are given the number of -scripts that lie in the same radial field of ring V. On the other hand, the b keys that are not in brackets given in ring VI contain the number of b characters which lie in the same radial field of ring IV. On disk k (Fig. 2), in ring VIII to X and in ring IX to XI, the same is in principle as indicated on disk i, but a distinction must be made as to whether major or minor keys are in question. In the case of major keys, all tone designations of ring VIII and IX (indicated and limited by the major half o of disk i) are given the epithet major and the number of accidental symbols in the left smaller radial section of rings X and XI identified with the same color or hatching receive all tone designations of the ring VIII and IX (indicated and limited by the minor half n of the disk i): the nickname minor and the number of those marked in the right smaller radial section of the rings X and XI with the same color or hatching. Accidentals. In Fig.6 the device is shown shifted by a whole tone from its basic position. From this it can be seen that the notes and numbers on disk k, like a chain without an end, surround disk l. The halving of disk k into major and minor halves occurs according to the position of the double line on disk 1, e.g. B. clockwise first radial field on the major side and disk l in ring VI is the tone h and in the same field on the disk. k ring IX the tone c sharp, while: in Fig. 2 sn the tone h stands in the same field. The schematic representation in Fig. 7 serves to make the explanation easier.

The transposing is done with the aid of the device according to the invention as follows: First bring the disks i, k and Z In the basic position, that is the one indicated in Figs. i and a, determined by the double line n-a Position, To adjust, first use the front of the device (Fig.i). Should now instead of C major to a large second or better to a Level higher, so one reads on the rings VIII and IX of the major half of fig. i: or q. the tone character assigned to the designation second of the ring VII away. This is the tone character d, as can be seen from Fig. I. The disk i will then twisted until the designation Prim of the disk i coincides with the tone sign d of the major half of the disc h comes. On the back of the facility (Fig. A) the tones can now be read off in a simple manner, which correspond to the tones to come to the given key a major second (i degree) higher. As the discs i and Z have been shifted clockwise by two radial fields So the tone designations c and his of the rings VI and VII (Fig. g) coincide with the tone designations d of rings VIII and IX in Fig. z (see Fig. 6). The tone, d, e etc. of rings VI and VII then correspond to the tone signs d, e, f sharp etc. of rings VIII and IX. The number of the # and h @ substitution characters can be read.

If it is a mullet key that is to be transposed, so the other half of the side of Fig. i is used for adjustment.

With the help of the device according to the invention can therefore in a simple Select all keys, whether major or minor, transposed as high or as low as you like will. All scales and chords indicated on disc i (Fig. 3), which had the nickname c in the basic position of the transposition device (see Stand the i. Level [Prim] in ring VIII), change in the same way as before explains and results from the position of the transposition device in Fig. 6; in this case all scales and chords are given the nickname d; except are of course the minor chords and the sepbi chord, which are the Get the name of the tone lying in the same radial field. E.g. Fig.3 main dominant seventh chord, Minor chords f and g in major, c and a in minor. Keys in b are in ring VIII and Keys in # can be read off in ring IX. Whether the desired or the resulting Chords and scales belonging to a # or flat key are simpler on disk l Way apparent.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Device for transposing keys, consisting of three concentric rings which can be rotated against each other and which are separated in separate Subdivisions the names of the individual tones with # and b-accidentals as well as the names of the individual intervals and chords in letters, characterized in that the two outer rings on the axis of rotation with each other are firmly connected so that the corresponding on the outer annular surfaces of the three discs applied scales, chords, intervals and accidentals by twisting them of the disks can be brought into a dependent relationship to one another.