DE49988C

DE49988C - Firearm barrels with slit-like cutouts in their front part and associated cartridge plugs

Info

Publication number: DE49988C
Application number: DENDAT49988D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: W. JANSEN, Hauptmann a. D. in Steglitz, Teichstr. 8
Anticipated expiration: 1909-04-24

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Durch theoretische Betrachtung ist gefunden und durch Schiefsversuche erwiesen worden, dafs lange pfeil- oder bolzenförmige Geschosse, selbst wenn ihr Schwerpunkt so weit nach vorn liegt, dafs ihr leichter hinterer Theil während des Fluges die Längenachse tangential zur Flugbahn halten mufs, sich bei Feuerwaffen mit glatten Rohren doch meistens dicht vor der Mündung überschlagen oder mit der Spitze nach seitwärts, nach oben oder unten aus der theoretischen Bahn heraustreten; infolge dessen sind ihre Leistungen unbrauchbar und gar nicht mit denen der Langgeschosse mit gezogenen Röhren oder selbst mit denen sphärischer Geschosse aus glatten Feuerwaffen zu vergleichen.It has been found through theoretical considerations and proved by experiments with lopsidedness that that long, arrow-shaped or bolt-shaped projectiles, even if their center of gravity is so far behind lies in front, so that its lighter rear part is tangential to the longitudinal axis during flight You have to keep to the trajectory, but mostly close in front of firearms with smooth barrels overturn the mouth or with the tip sideways, up or down from the step out on theoretical path; as a result, their services are unusable and even not with those of the long projectiles with drawn tubes or even with those more spherical Compare bullets from smooth firearms.

Ferner wurde gefunden, ' dafs der starke Druck der Pulvergase auf den Boden der Geschosse, nachdem die Spitze, derselben das Rohr verlassen, diese schlechte Wirkung verursacht. Diese ist so zu erklären, dafs in diesem Augenblick die Geschosse keine sichere Führung mehr finden und überschlagen, wenn die im Schwerpunkt wirkende Schwerkraft die Spitze ■mehr herunterzieht wie den Boden, und der Druck der Pulvergase, besonders der noch vor der Mündung wirkenden, nicht ganz central ist., oder wenn der Schwerpunkt nicht in der Mittellinie des Geschosses liegt, oder schliefslich, wenn die Resultante des Luftwiderstandes infolge nicht mathematisch genauer Geschofsfabrikation nicht den Schwerpunkt trifft. Sehr häufig wirken diese Factoren zusammen auf das herausfliegende Geschofs und dann ist ohne Frage die Neigung zum Ueberschlagen be^ deutend, wenngleich jene Momente (Herunterziehen des Schwerpunktes, Abstände der gedachten Angriffspunkte des Gasdruckes und des Luftwiderstandes vom Schwerpunkte) an und für sich noch so gering sind. Vermindert man den Druck der Pulvergase in dem Augenblick des Austretens, so bleiben diese Langgeschosse mit ihrer Längsachse tangential zur Flugbahn.It has also been found that the strong pressure of the powder gases on the bottom of the projectiles after the tip of the same leaves the tube, causes this bad effect. This is to be explained in such a way that at this moment the projectiles cannot guide them safely find more and overturn when the gravity acting in the center of gravity is the top ■ pulls down more like the ground, and the pressure of the powder gases, especially that before acting at the mouth, is not quite central., or if the center of gravity is not in the Center line of the projectile lies, or finally, if the resultant of the air resistance does not hit the center of gravity due to the fact that the storey is not manufactured with mathematical precision. very often these factors act together on the projectile that is thrown out and then there is none Question the tendency to overturn, although those moments (pulling down the center of gravity, distances of the imaginary points of application of the gas pressure and the air resistance from the center of gravity) and are so small in themselves. If you reduce the pressure of the powder gases at the moment the escape, these long storeys remain with their longitudinal axis tangential to Trajectory.

Diese Verminderung des Druckes zu bewirken, ist Gegenstand der zu beschreibenden Neuerung. Dieselbe wird ermöglicht durch Absperrung der Pulvergase und deren möglichste Ablenkung von dem Geschofs kurz vor dem Austritt des letzteren aus dem Lauf der Waffe. Zu diesem Zweck werden in erster Linie hinter der Mündung einander gegenüber zwei Schlitze im Lauf gebildet von einer Form, wie sie sich durch Versuche und Betrachtungen als geeignet erwiesen' und in beiliegender Zeichnung als Oeffhungen α b und c d dargestellt sind. Insbesondere zeigt sich eine Erweiterung des .Schlitzes nach der Mündung zu als vortheilhaft, auch sollen seine kurzen Endflächen bei a b bezw. c d in der gezeichneten Weise abgeschrägt werden, damit die Pulvergase in ihrer Bewegung nach vorn zu — bei Freigebung des Geschosses — einen weniger bedeutenden Widerstand finden und nicht gerade normal zur Längsachse austreten. Das letztere würde leicht sehr lästig und unangenehm für die unmittelbare Umgebung sich äufsern, zur gänzlichen Vermeidung solcher Störungen kann in-To bring about this reduction in pressure is the subject of the innovation to be described. The same is made possible by shutting off the powder gases and deflecting them as much as possible from the projectile shortly before the latter emerges from the barrel of the weapon. For this purpose, two slots are primarily formed in the barrel behind the muzzle opposite one another and have a shape that has been found to be suitable through experiments and considerations and are shown in the accompanying drawing as openings α b and cd . In particular, an extension of the .Schlitzes pointing to the mouth as advantageous, even should its short end surfaces BEZW in from. cd be bevelled in the manner shown so that the powder gases in their movement towards the front - when the projectile is released - find a less significant resistance and do not exit exactly normal to the longitudinal axis. The latter would easily express itself very annoyingly and unpleasant for the immediate environment, to avoid such disturbances completely

Claims

If a special protective cap should be attached around the slits, but in such a way that it does not harm the escape of the gases at this point. Under special circumstances, when the powder charges are not too strong, these slits are sufficient to clear the way sideways for some of the powder gases and to alleviate the strong pressure on the bottom of the projectile at the dangerous moment when it emerges from the barrel. In such cases it is sufficient to place a plug made of felt or cardboard behind the storey. In the case of stronger powder charges, on the other hand, with faster projectile movements or starting, where the powder was not completely burned from the start, the indicated slots alone are not sufficient; The explosion gas assumes such a powerful and sustained movement in the direction of the barrel that the lateral pressure can hardly be exerted on the walls of the pipe, and there is little escape through the lateral openings. For this reason, a separating means between the bullet and the powder is added for such cases, which is intended to direct the movement of the gases sideways. This intermediate means is of such a nature and functions that it hooks into the front edge of the slits for a moment and clamps itself in order to force the powder gases sideways through the openings, while there is still enough force behind it to eject it immediately afterwards . The section of a tightly choked and tied string of twine, as shown in FIG. 4, is particularly suitable for such a separating means. The floor of the storey is advantageously designed to be conical "(see Fig. 5), so that when the powder gases act against the cardboard, etc. still inserted, it is pressed into the front part of the designated textile plug and its threads like a As a result of this, the outer threads attach themselves firmly to the pipe wall and thus result in a perfectly safe centering of the floor of the floor and very little friction in relation to the projectile pressing through, at the same time also good cleaning of the pipe If the front part of the thread plug closes the slots in the pipe wall, the whole plug will expand further in front, and as soon as it hits the front edge of the slot (b and d), these will grip the outer threads and hook them for the moment shows the process of the last moment indicated. There is a short pause for the plug, looking for the powder gases and partly find the way out through the slits; However, the projectile flies on undisturbed and still receives a good one in the end piece of the barrel. Guided tour without being bothered by the powder gases afterwards. Then the whole plug of string tears apart at an extraordinary speed, or it runs off at not too great a speed because of the still remaining supply gas; in both cases it cleans the mouth wall, which, since only a few powder gases touch it, always appears clean. . The device just described - arrangement of slots behind der.Geschofsmündung - can be used for pipes for firearms of all kinds, both with smooth, as well as with drawn pipes. With these especially to fire long projectiles made of tubes with a small twist angle without overturning or a deviation of the longitudinal axis of the projectile which would impair the impact. The particular shape of the slot and its distance from the mouth is determined by the rest of the arrangement of the tube, and the size thereof depends on that of the tube and also on the powder charge. Pat en τ claims:

1. To roll over long projectiles to prevent the arrangement of slot-like cutouts in the the front parts of the firearm barrels near their muzzle, for the purpose of passing the powder gases through these outlet slits Part to be removed from the muzzle before the projectile emerges.

2. For firearm tubes with the ι in claim. marked slots the Use of longitudinal fiber plugs (pieces of rope) between the storey and the powder charge for the purpose of passing the powder gases through the exit slits partly before the exit of the Remove the projectile from the muzzle by removing such a plug for a short time stuck in the front part of the exit slits and the lateral escape of the Powder gases favored.

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.