DE458495C - Device for separating dust during hair preparation for the production of hair hats - Google Patents

Description

Device for separating dust during hair preparation for the manufacture of hair hats. The present invention relates to an innovation in hair dressing machines for the production of hair hats by removing the annoying and previously unavoidable dust leakage in the work area during the first steps, such as B. when grinding and mixing of hair, is avoided completely.

As is well known, the machines in question work with us fast-running tearing rollers, which comb through the slowly fed hair, cut up and by the air flow created as a result of the rapid rotation or by a specially built-in fan in one behind the tear roller Blow the box in where it collects at the bottom and either slowly through one moving table automatically or from time to time by hand and removed is fed to a special transport box for further processing.

If the walls of this collecting box are now tightly sealed all around, soon a more and more increasing counter pressure arises within the box, until the air from the tear roller no longer finds any inlet at all. but through the The counterpressure prevailing in the box is diverted to another g, with the Hair for lack of its own centrifugal force follows the air flow and moves into the work area loses. For this reason, the hair fly boxes are provided with the largest possible Openings that are covered with wire mesh, which probably allows the air to be extracted allows, but the loosened hair is held back.

Hair naturally contains in the state in which it is cut from the fur the first recycling machine goes through, still a large amount of dust that separates from the hair fibers during processing and flies around in the box; This hair and dust mixture is counteracted by the continuous air flow Wire mesh crowded and, as the dust with ease through the meshes of the lattice can pass through, it enters the work area with the air. Apart from that the fact that the pelts before cutting the hair for better felting with a Mercury solution are pickled, whereby the dust is partially interspersed with, is the inhalation of the unheated dust in connection with the fine dust that is flying with it Dusty hair is extremely annoying and is by no means beneficial to the health of the workers.

One has tried to help against the escape of dust by that the air openings provided with wire mesh on the flight box with a outside airtight box covered and from your thereby formed In between the blown air that escaped through (read wire mesh by means of an exhaustor sucks.

However, this device has the major disadvantage that as a result of of course, there are also many hair fibers in the constant flow of air against fly against the wire mesh, get stuck there and in the absence of an effective scraper soon an increasingly thick layer of hair on the lattice, although the Prevents dust from escaping, but also blocks the passage of air more and more finally stops this completely, so that the grating covered with hair his Can no longer fulfill the purpose and must work like a full wall.

The present invention prevents dust from escaping into the work area, without clogging the covering wire mesh and without any counter pressure in the flight box to come up by using the air-permeable wire mesh as a rotating screen roller formed and these in their interior through full partition walls in individual chambers which absorb the dusty air mixture entering through the wire mesh and drain into a special container.

In the drawings, Fig. Z shows an example arrangement of the Device in connection with a conical mixer and dust bag, Fig. 2 a Top view in section, Fig. 3 is a cross section through the flight box; Fig. 4. and 5 represent. Another embodiment of the screen roll subdivision Conical mixer as shown in Fig. r as well as the dust bag can be made by any other tearing machine or replaced by any other dust collection device, and form these devices per se not part of the invention.

The device according to the invention consists essentially of your Haarflugl: astena, which is available in all hair preparation machines for collecting and depositing the loosened work material and which, instead of the fixed wire mesh, is equipped with revolving screen rollers b, which are advantageously in the bottom of the flight box a are, because this special transport means for the removal of the settled hair are dispensable. the screening rollers are b according to the invention i divided by Fig. to 3 c in its interior by full radial walls into individual chambers, which at its front ends either open on both sides or on a Can be closed at the end, but come right up to the adjoining side walls of the fly box in order to avoid false air passage; to ensure this condition, the cover d in the fly box a is provided above the front ends of the screen rollers b and also on the outer long sides of the screen rollers b the cover e.

The side walls of the flight box a have openings f within the areas circumscribed by the open ends of the screen roller b, which are connected to the flight space a through the shell holes of the respective upper chambers of the screen roller b and in this way allow the excess air in the flight space to escape. In the exemplary embodiments shown, both rollers are indicated as screen rollers, but it is also possible to use one of these two rollers as a solid or impermeable jacket and to design only one roller as a screen roller. Both rollers are rolled by known means, e.g. B. pulleys, gears, sprockets, cord pulleys o. The like. Set in rotation, so that the roller shells work on the middle, mutually touching longitudinal sides in the same direction, from the flight space a, so that it is on the rollers deposited hair is transported out of the flight space during the rotation of the rollers without special aids.

A pipe g is connected to the openings f in the flight box walls, through which the dust air that has entered the screen roller b from the flight space a is to escape, the free end of which opens into a dust bag lz or into another dust collection container. When using several screen rollers, it is advisable to cover the individual air openings f with a common box (duct) i and to connect the pipe g to a special opening k of this box: To increase the dust separation, an exhaustor can be installed between the exhaust opening k and the dust collector 1a be switched on.

The operation of the machine is as follows: That of the drawing unit 1, 11 dissolved hair by means of the fan blades in through the channel n in the flight chamber a blown and continues partly as a result of its own weight, partly as a result of penetrating the foraminous air flow on the air space a facing shell halves of the screen rollers b, while the blown air passing through fills the chambers of the screen rollers associated with these shell parts with the dust carried along. Since the screen rollers rotate around their axis and thereby all chambers are led one after the other with their open front end past the outlet opening f, during this time the air flow pushing out of the flight space a through the screen jacket causes the dust to escape from the individual chambers the opening f in the pipe g and in the attached dust collector h.

Those entering the flight space a at the upper edges of the cover e Sieve jacket surfaces are still completely free when they enter of every hair covering and thus offer the penetration of the dust air mixture into the associated chamber of the screen roller no obstacle. A re-exit from the This avoids the chamber downwards. that the cover e at least up to the next partition wall c tightly encloses the sieve jacket, so that itself at the moment when one of the partition walls c is in contact with the sieve jacket Edge over the upper edge of the cover e rises, so that of this and the next fol -enden compartment wall formed chamber is opened for the dust air inlet, the Passage down is complete.

If the outlet opening is arranged so that it opens first Edge in the radial connecting line between the pivot point of the associated screen roller and top edge cover e falls so at the moment where one of the radial Partition walls c open the following chamber of the screen roller for the dust air inlet, also the air outlet from this chamber through the opening f after the pipe u and open to the dust collector h. As the screen roller continues to rotate, h is enlarged then not only the air-permeable surface of the screen jacket of the relevant Chamber, but also the outlet opening f up to the one formed by the partition walls c Section of a circle. The dust air that has entered the chamber of the screen roller is found so immediately their withdrawal through the opening f, the pipe g after the dust collector h.

In the meantime, the slowly rotating screen roller is stored on the mantle Shed your hair, and this coat of hair becomes stronger the second the rotation of the roller progresses. However, as the hair cover thickens, it will continue to do so Passage seeking dust is held back, so that the dust admission to the with Hair-covered chamber stops more and more and finally only dust-free air penetrates the hair cover to remove any remaining dust in the chamber to push out through the opening f.

Is now the rotation of the screen roller so far advanced that the Chamber in the direction of rotation to the rearward closing wall c the opening f of the chamber cuts off, at that moment the air escaping from the chamber stops after the pipe g on; the hair cover on the associated part of the screen roller jacket but has now become so strong that there is no longer any dust at all and only air can still enter the chimneys in very small quantities from flight space a. Even though now between (len both rollers when they rotate the walls c only at that moment the passage of air from the flight space to the hair waste space below the screen rollers can prevent completely if their edges touching the screen jacket counteract stand to the counter roll and, if this counter roll is also an identical screen roll is to coincide with the corresponding edges of the walls c of this roller, so unnecessary there is a special seal on these long sides of the screen rollers because the for example, air passing through here is freed from dust by the layer of hair and its passage after the hair waste room would not cause any complaint. On the contrary it is here a slight overpressure in the chamber below the point of contact with the Advantageous against “salts, as it enables the detachment of the through rotation of the rollers tar-conveyed hair is favored by the screen rollers, with about any remaining dust in the chamber and now blowing out to the peeling hair fleece are bound and cannot fly off freely. The exiting Hair falls into a hair box o below the screen rollers and can with it are fed to further processing, while the further rotation of the screen rollers the sieve jacket now freed from the hair cover in the cover e back into the Flight space enters to a further dust air filling through its associated chamber to derive after the pipe g.

In the arrangement according to Fig. D and 5, the subdivision of the screen roller is not provided by radial walls, but in a different new way by partition walls suspended pendulously on the axis of screen roller b and arranged parallel to said axis, which divide the interior of the screen rollers into two parts , of which one always remains in the area of the flight space a, the other outside of it, in spite of the rotation of the screen seat, because the partition wall p does not participate in the rotation of the screen roller due to the effect of the pendulum weight q. The position of these compartment walls ip must always be kept in such a way that their edges facing the opposing roller are approximately at the level of the point of contact between the two rollers, the opposite edges are within the cover e of the flight box a . It is advisable to arrange the covers d over the front ends of the screen rollers here too, for better sealing; Furthermore, it is advisable to cover the lower interior of the screen roller, separated by the partition wall p, also at the front ends within the arm crosses carrying the screen roller jackets against the upper interior space of the screen roller, which is indicated in Fig. 5 by the angularly bent extensions p ″ of the partition wall p .

The effect is the same with this second arrangement of the partition walls as in Fig. i. The circumferential screen roller jackets come into contact with cover e the flight space a and immediately take part of the dust air mixture in itself on, which is displaced through the opening f into the pipe g by the inflowing amounts of air will. In the meantime, however, hair also settles on the sieve, its position changes with progressive rotation of the roller compacted and thus from the continued passage seeking dusty air catches the dust more and more to finally only be dust-free To let air through to the inside of the screen roller. Since the partition walls p, pl the exit block the air to the lower part of the screen roller, must also with this arrangement all dust air that has entered the upper part of the screen roller through the opening f in the pipe g and migrate into the adjoining dust collector 1a, while the Separated hair between the two rollers runs downwards easily detaches from the screen rollers and falls into the transport box o, as shown in Fig. i.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Device for separating dust during hair preparation for the production of hair hats with laterally tight in the lower wall of the flight space built-in, rotatable screen rollers, characterized in that the in the flight space (ra) protruding parts of the screen rollers (b) that take up the dust air through im Partition walls (c or p) arranged inside the screen rollers from the behind your flight areas or are closed below the same lying parts, but at their open Front ends through openings (f) with a dust-air mixture to a dust collector (1z) leading pipe (g) are in communication. 2. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized characterized in that the partition walls (c) are arranged radially in the interior of the screen roller (b) are and form chambers that participate in the rotation of the screen roller about its axis and during the dust pick-up with their open front ends through openings (f) are in connection with the dust air exhaust pipe (g) in the flight box wall. 3. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that the compartment wound (p) arranged parallel to the axes of the screen rollers (b) and on the axes of the rotating ones Screen rollers are suspended pendulum, whereby they are either by their own weight, supported by the weight of the end walls which are bent downwards at their front ends or by special pendulum weights (q) prevented from turning the Participate screen rollers. q .. Device according to claim i and 2 or% v. i and 3, thereby characterized in that when using several screen rollers (b) their individual outlet openings (f) through a special channel (i) with a common exhaust port (h) connection to have.