DE4412514A1 - Bio-active filter for cleaning gas stream contg. noxious substances or having strong odour - Google Patents
Bio-active filter for cleaning gas stream contg. noxious substances or having strong odourInfo
- Publication number
- DE4412514A1 DE4412514A1 DE4412514A DE4412514A DE4412514A1 DE 4412514 A1 DE4412514 A1 DE 4412514A1 DE 4412514 A DE4412514 A DE 4412514A DE 4412514 A DE4412514 A DE 4412514A DE 4412514 A1 DE4412514 A1 DE 4412514A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- biofilter
- container according
- air
- filter wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/18—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filtering belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
- B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0442—Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/045—Deodorising additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Vorrichtungen zur biologischen Reinigung von geruchsintensiven und/oder schad stoffhaltigen Luft- oder Gasströmen sind bekannt. Im wesentlichen bestehen diese Anlagen aus nach oben hin offenen oder geschlossenen Behältern, welche ein biologisch aktives Filtermaterial enthalten (Kompost, Torf, Humus, etc.).Devices for the biological cleaning of odor-intensive and / or harmful Air or gas flows containing substances are known. These essentially exist Systems consisting of containers that are open or closed at the top contain biologically active filter material (compost, peat, humus, etc.).
Nach dem Stand der Technik wird das zu reinigende Gas zunächst vorkonditioniert, in der Regel vorgereinigt (Entstaubung) und befeuchtet, und anschließend durch die o.g. mikrobiell aktive Schüttung geleitet.According to the prior art, the gas to be cleaned is first preconditioned, usually pre-cleaned (dedusting) and moistened, and then by the o.g. microbially active fill.
Die Strömung kann hierbei von unten nach oben oder - im Falle von geschlossenen Behältern - umgekehrt geführt werden.The flow can be from bottom to top or - in the case of closed ones Containers - reversed.
Die Schadstoffe werden im Material durch Sorptionsprozesse aufgenommen und gelangen in die Umgebung der Mikroorganismen, von denen sie als Substrat verwer tet werden. Damit wird das Filtermaterial permanent regeneriert.The pollutants are absorbed in the material by sorption processes and reach the environment of the microorganisms, of which they are used as a substrate be tested. This permanently regenerates the filter material.
Da die Mikroorganismen eine feuchte Umgebung benötigen werden üblicherweise vor allem große Biofilter mit Beregnungseinrichtungen zur Oberflächenbefeuchtung versehen. Diese Befeuchtungstechnik ist jedoch nur geeignet das Filtermaterial im Oberflächenbereich feucht zu halten.Since the microorganisms usually need a humid environment especially large biofilters with irrigation devices for surface moistening Mistake. However, this humidification technique is only suitable for the filter material in the Keep surface area moist.
Da jedoch normalerweise in der Praxis der Feuchtegehalt des zu reinigenden Luft- oder Gasstromes immer zu niedrig und die vorgenannte Konditionierung mit tech nisch sinnvollen Maßnahmen in der Regel nicht ausreichend ist, kommt es sehr häufig zu Störfällen durch Austrocknung und/oder Zusetzen des Filtermaterials durch Staubablagerungen.However, since in practice the moisture content of the air to be cleaned or gas flow is always too low and the aforementioned conditioning with tech nically meaningful measures are usually not sufficient, it very much happens often to accidents caused by drying out and / or clogging of the filter material Dust deposits.
Aufgrund ausgeprägter hydrophober Oberflächeneffekte im ausgetrockneten Material ist die erneute Befeuchtung oft nur schwierig durchzuführen. Dadurch können in Biofiltern trockene Bereiche entstehen, die schließlich zur Kanalbildung und zu Durchbruchströmungen führen.Due to pronounced hydrophobic surface effects in the dried material rewetting is often difficult. This allows in Biofilter dry areas arise that eventually lead to channel formation and too Lead breakthrough currents.
Weiterhin führt die natürliche Setzung des Filtermaterials zu Verdichtungen und dadurch zum Anstieg des Druckverlustes der Strömung durch die Filterschüttung. Furthermore, the natural settlement of the filter material leads to compression and thereby increasing the pressure loss of the flow through the filter bed.
Der oben genannte Sachverhalt erfordert periodisches Umsetzen und Durchmischen des Filtermaterials, was oft nur manuell durchgeführt werden kann. Es ist sogar häufig notwendig das gesamte Material vorzeitig auszubauen und zu wechseln. Diese Arbeiten sind vor allem bei großen Etagen-, Dach- oder Flächenfiltern sehr zeit- und materialaufwendig und kostenintensiv.The above situation requires periodic repositioning and mixing of the filter material, which can often only be done manually. It is even Often it is necessary to prematurely dismantle and change all the material. This work is especially great with large storey, roof or area filters time and material consuming and cost intensive.
Vor allem der Ausbau, Abtransport, Austausch sowie die sachgerechte Entsorgung großer Materialmengen sind mit die größten Probleme beim Betrieb von Biofiltern.Above all, removal, removal, exchange and proper disposal Large quantities of material are one of the biggest problems when operating biofilters.
Ein weiteres großes Problem beim Betrieb von Biofiltern stellt die nur ungenügend bzw. mit sehr großem technischen Aufwand durchführbare Staubvorabscheidung dar.Another major problem with the operation of biofilters is that it is insufficient or dust pre-separation that can be carried out with great technical effort represents.
Dadurch wird vor allem feineres Material, das vor allem durch die großen Sorptions flächen und guten mikrobiellen Bewuchs normalerweise für die Anwendung in Biofiltern prädestiniert ist, durch Staubeintrag in relativ kurzer Zeit unbrauchbar.This mainly results in finer material, which is mainly due to the large sorption areas and good microbial growth normally for use in Biofilter is predestined to be unusable due to dust in a relatively short time.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, welche die oben beschriebenen Schwierigkeiten in der Praxis der Biofiltra tion im allgemeinen, sowie mit dem Filtermaterial-Handling im besonderen mindern.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus create the difficulties described above in the practice of biofiltra tion in general, as well as with filter material handling in particular.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch kennzeichnende Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.These objects are achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Durch die in Anspruch 1 beschriebene Anordnung des Filtermaterials zwischen zwei konzentrisch angeordneten, zylinderförmigen, gas- und luftdurchlässigen - beispiels weise in Form von Lochblechen ausgeführten - Filterwandungen unterschiedlichen Durchmessers und die permanente kontinuierliche oder diskontinuierliche langsame Rotation der gesamten Einheit um die Mittelachse, wird das Filtermaterial einer andauernden Lockerung unterzogen. Aufwendige Arbeiten zur Auflockerung des verdichteten Filtermaterials in der Regel Aus- und Wiedereinbau - entfallen damit.Due to the arrangement of the filter material between two described in claim 1 concentrically arranged, cylindrical, gas and air permeable - for example wise in the form of perforated plates - different filter walls Diameter and the permanent continuous or discontinuous slow Rotation of the entire unit around the central axis, the filter material becomes one subjected to ongoing loosening. Extensive work to loosen up the Densified filter material usually removal and reinstallation - no longer necessary.
Zur Aufrechterhaltung der notwendigen Materialfeuchtigkeit, kann die Filtereinheit kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich bewässert werden (Anspruch Nr. 11).The filter unit can be used to maintain the necessary material moisture irrigated continuously or discontinuously (claim no. 11).
Die Bewässerung kann entweder durch Verrieselung oder Besprühung von Wasser auf die stehende oder rotierende Filtereinheit erfolgen, oder die Wasseraufnahme wird durch leichtes Eintauchen der Filtereinheit ein Wasserbad erreicht.Irrigation can be done either by sprinkling or spraying water on the standing or rotating filter unit, or the water absorption a water bath is reached by lightly immersing the filter unit.
Im Regelfall wird während der Bewässerungsphase das Wasser mit der im Gleich strom von außen nach innen geführten Luft- oder Gasströmung in das Material geleitet und gleichmäßig verteilt.As a rule, during the irrigation phase, the water is at the same time flow of air or gas into the material from outside to inside directed and evenly distributed.
Für den Fall der in Anspruch 4 beschriebenen beliebigen Strömungsumkehr ist es möglich bei Bedarf übernäßte Bereiche in den angeströmten Filterschichten durch Anströmung von innen nach außen, d. h. durch gezielte Strömungsumkehr und kontrollierte Austrocknung zu beseitigen und damit den Feuchtegehalt des Filter materials zu optimieren.In the case of any flow reversal described in claim 4, it is possible if necessary overwetted areas in the flowed filter layers Inflow from the inside out, d. H. through targeted flow reversal and Eliminate controlled drying and thus the moisture content of the filter optimize materials.
Durch die in den Ansprüchen 8 und 9 beschriebene Anbringung eines Filtertuches auf die angeströmte Filterwandung - im Normalbetrieb bevorzugt auf die äußere - kann eine permanente Staub- und Aerosolabscheidung erfolgen (s. Abb. Nr. 2). Dadurch kann das Beladen und Zusetzen des Filtermaterials verhindert werden. Das Filtertuch kann bei Bedarf mit einer hierfür geeigneten Vorrichtung kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich gereinigt werden (s. Anspruch Nr. 10).A permanent dust and aerosol separation can take place by attaching a filter cloth to the flowed filter wall - in normal operation preferably to the outside - as described in claims 8 and 9 (see Fig. No. 2). This can prevent the loading and clogging of the filter material. If necessary, the filter cloth can be cleaned continuously or discontinuously with a suitable device (see claim no. 10).
Die im Anspruch 6 formulierte Möglichkeit der Unterbringung der Filtereinheiten in druckdichten Norm-Containern erlaubt leichten Transport sowie Montage der gesamten Anlage.The possibility formulated in claim 6 of accommodating the filter units in pressure-tight standard containers allow easy transport and assembly of the entire facility.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der gekapselten Anlage besteht darin, daß das Reingas gezielt z. B. über einen Kamin abgeleitet und u. a. meßtechnisch erfaßt werden kann.Another advantage of the encapsulated system is that the clean gas is targeted e.g. B. derived from a fireplace and u. a. can be measured.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer rotationssymmetrischen Filtereinheit - ausgeführt als Biofilter-Zylindertrommel bestehend aus zwei konzentrisch angeordneten rohrförmi gen Lochblechen unterschiedlichen Durchmessers - ist in der Zeichnung Nr. 1 darge stellt.An embodiment of a rotationally symmetrical filter unit - designed as Biofilter cylinder drum consisting of two concentrically arranged tubular against perforated sheets of different diameters - is shown in drawing no. 1 poses.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412514A DE4412514A1 (en) | 1994-04-12 | 1994-04-12 | Bio-active filter for cleaning gas stream contg. noxious substances or having strong odour |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412514A DE4412514A1 (en) | 1994-04-12 | 1994-04-12 | Bio-active filter for cleaning gas stream contg. noxious substances or having strong odour |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4412514A1 true DE4412514A1 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
Family
ID=6515166
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412514A Withdrawn DE4412514A1 (en) | 1994-04-12 | 1994-04-12 | Bio-active filter for cleaning gas stream contg. noxious substances or having strong odour |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4412514A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0770418A1 (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1997-05-02 | Berkmann Anlagenbau Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Process for cleaning a non-woven filter mat |
NL1033601C2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-02 | Arn B V | Method and device for the biological drying of waste. |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE339626C (en) * | 1918-12-14 | 1921-07-29 | Willi Schaerfe Dr | Method and device for separating solid impurities from gases by dry means |
FR1146213A (en) * | 1956-02-23 | 1957-11-07 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Dust filter, especially for hot gases or vapors |
US3757492A (en) * | 1970-05-23 | 1973-09-11 | R Graff | Adsorber method and apparatus |
EP0165730A1 (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1985-12-27 | Ortech Corporation | Process and biological contact gas scrubber for waste gas purification |
DD259794A1 (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1988-09-07 | Leuna Werke Veb | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS ADSORPTIVE GAS CLEANING AND GAS SEPARATION |
DE3916250A1 (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-02-22 | Wolfgang Luehr | Mixing chamber module - with coaxial ring channels in each half joined by serated radial webs |
DE4135018A1 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-06-04 | Otto Oeko Tech | Passing fluid over bed of catalyst or adsorbent - by dividing fluid into two for radial flow of fluids in reactor, for cleaning car exhaust, industrial effluent or processing etc. |
US5169414A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-12-08 | Flakt, Inc. | Rotary adsorption assembly |
DE9304082U1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1993-07-08 | S A P - Sanierungsanlagenprojektierungsgesellschaft Grimma mbH, O-7240 Grimma | Biofilter for air purification |
DE9306767U1 (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1993-07-15 | Haberlah, Gerhard K., 3002 Wedemark | Device for microbacterial exhaust air purification in a bio-integral converter |
-
1994
- 1994-04-12 DE DE4412514A patent/DE4412514A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE339626C (en) * | 1918-12-14 | 1921-07-29 | Willi Schaerfe Dr | Method and device for separating solid impurities from gases by dry means |
FR1146213A (en) * | 1956-02-23 | 1957-11-07 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Dust filter, especially for hot gases or vapors |
US3757492A (en) * | 1970-05-23 | 1973-09-11 | R Graff | Adsorber method and apparatus |
EP0165730A1 (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1985-12-27 | Ortech Corporation | Process and biological contact gas scrubber for waste gas purification |
DD259794A1 (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1988-09-07 | Leuna Werke Veb | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS ADSORPTIVE GAS CLEANING AND GAS SEPARATION |
DE3916250A1 (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-02-22 | Wolfgang Luehr | Mixing chamber module - with coaxial ring channels in each half joined by serated radial webs |
US5169414A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-12-08 | Flakt, Inc. | Rotary adsorption assembly |
DE4135018A1 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-06-04 | Otto Oeko Tech | Passing fluid over bed of catalyst or adsorbent - by dividing fluid into two for radial flow of fluids in reactor, for cleaning car exhaust, industrial effluent or processing etc. |
DE9304082U1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1993-07-08 | S A P - Sanierungsanlagenprojektierungsgesellschaft Grimma mbH, O-7240 Grimma | Biofilter for air purification |
DE9306767U1 (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1993-07-15 | Haberlah, Gerhard K., 3002 Wedemark | Device for microbacterial exhaust air purification in a bio-integral converter |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0770418A1 (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1997-05-02 | Berkmann Anlagenbau Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Process for cleaning a non-woven filter mat |
NL1033601C2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-02 | Arn B V | Method and device for the biological drying of waste. |
EP2000449A1 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-12-10 | Arn Bv | Method and installation for biological drying of waste |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |