DE4207233A1 - Prodn. of porous filter body for exhaust gas - by saturating paper and/or cardboard material with water, stirring and drying or hardening obtd. foamed pulp - Google Patents
Prodn. of porous filter body for exhaust gas - by saturating paper and/or cardboard material with water, stirring and drying or hardening obtd. foamed pulpInfo
- Publication number
- DE4207233A1 DE4207233A1 DE4207233A DE4207233A DE4207233A1 DE 4207233 A1 DE4207233 A1 DE 4207233A1 DE 4207233 A DE4207233 A DE 4207233A DE 4207233 A DE4207233 A DE 4207233A DE 4207233 A1 DE4207233 A1 DE 4207233A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- filter
- paper
- filter body
- fiber pellets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/002—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines by using a foamed suspension
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/08—Filter paper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösen Filterkörpern der im Oberbegriff des An spruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing of porous filter bodies which in the preamble of An say 1 specified genus.
Es sind Filterkörper dieser Art bekannt, die beispiels weise aus einem Faservlies, aus Metallspänen oder aus Aktivkohle bestehen. Keines dieser Filtersysteme ist rezyklierbar.Filter bodies of this type are known, for example from a non-woven fabric, from metal chips or from Activated carbon exist. None of these filter systems is recyclable.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösen Filterkörpern zu entwickeln, die aus einfachen und preiswerten Grund stoffen bestehen, eine hohe Oberflächenaktivität auf weisen und problemlos rezyklierbar sind.The invention is therefore based on the object Process for the production of porous filter bodies develop that for simple and inexpensive reason fabrics have a high surface activity point and are easily recyclable.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Merkmalskombination vorgeschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.To solve this problem, that in claim 1 specified combination of features proposed. Further advantageous refinements and developments of Invention result from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung geht von dem Gedanken aus, daß Papier und Pappe in Form von Altpapier und Verpackungsmaterial in großen Mengen anfallen und einer Wiederverwendung zuge führt werden sollen. Da in der Wirtschaft andererseits ein großer Bedarf an rezyklierbaren Filtermaterialien besteht, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß Papier und/oder Pappmaterial mit Wasser versetzt und unter Lufteintrag zu einem schaumigen Papierfaserbrei gerührt oder geschlagen wird, und daß der schaumige Papierfaserbrei unter Bildung eines offenporigen Fil terblocks getrocknet oder gehärtet wird. Der zunächst dünne Papierfaserbrei wird unter Bildung eines dick flüssigen Papierfaserbreis teilweise entwässert, bevor der Lufteintrag beispielsweise in Form von Preßluft zum Zwecke der Schaum- und Porenbildung erfolgt.The invention is based on the idea that paper and Cardboard in the form of waste paper and packaging material in large quantities are incurred and reused should be led. Because in the economy on the other hand a great need for recyclable filter materials there is proposed according to the invention that Paper and / or cardboard material mixed with water and with air entry to a frothy paper pulp is stirred or beaten, and that the frothy Paper pulp to form an open-pored fil terblocks is dried or hardened. The first one thin pulp becomes thick liquid pulp partially dewatered before the air intake for example in the form of compressed air for Foam and pore formation purposes.
Da im Papier bereits Schaumstoffe, wie Stärke, Lignin, Füllstoffe oder dergleichen enthalten sind, tritt be reits beim Auflösen in Wasser und beim Einbringen von Preßluft eine Schaumentwicklung ein. Durch Zusatz eines Schaumbildners in den Papierfaserbrei kann bei Bedarf die Schaumentwicklung verstärkt werden.Since foams such as starch, lignin, Fillers or the like are included when dissolving in water and introducing Compressed air a foam development. By adding a Foaming agents in the pulp can be used if necessary the foam development will be reinforced.
Nach Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Porengröße wird der dickflüssige Papierfaserbrei vorzugsweise über dem Preßluftstrom mit CaO-Pulver beaufschlagt und durch die dabei einsetzende Abbindereaktion unter Bildung eines offenporigen Filterblocks gehärtet.After reaching a predetermined pore size, the viscous paper pulp preferably over the Pressurized air flow with CaO powder and through the setting reaction that begins, forming a open-pored filter blocks hardened.
Alternativ hierzu kann der Papierfaserbrei unter weite rer Feuchtigkeitsabgabe und Bildung von Papierfaser- Pellets gepreßt, insbesondere stranggepreßt werden. Zu diesem Zweck kann der schaumige Papierfaserbrei unter Bildung der teilentwässerten Pellets durch eine Loch platte oder ein Lochsieb gepreßt werden. Die noch feuchten Papierfaser-Pellets können sodann mit CaO-Pul ver eingepudert und unter Bildung eines offenporigen Filterblocks zuammengebacken werden. Um den Filterblock eine vorgegebene Gestalt zu geben, können die Papierfa ser-Pellets vor dem Einpudern mit CaO-Pulver in eine entsprechende Form eingelegt werden.Alternatively, the pulp can be too wide rer Moisture release and formation of paper fiber Pellets are pressed, in particular extruded. To the foamy pulp can be used for this purpose Formation of the partially dewatered pellets through a hole plate or a perforated screen can be pressed. The still moist paper fiber pellets can then be mixed with CaO-Pul powdered and forming an open pore Filter blocks are baked together. Around the filter block To give a predetermined shape, the paper fa water pellets before powdering with CaO powder in a appropriate form can be inserted.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Papierfaser-Pellets vor der CaO- Zugabe dem dickflüssigen schaumigen Papierfaserbrei zugesetzt werden. Das CaO-Pulver kann in diesem Falle durch vorheriges Bestäuben der Papierfaser-Pellets in den schaumigen Papierfaserbrei eingebracht werden.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the paper fiber pellets before the CaO Add the viscous, foamy paper pulp be added. The CaO powder can in this case by previously dusting the paper fiber pellets in the frothy paper pulp can be introduced.
Durch den gebrannten Kalk wird das im Papierfaserbrei bzw. in den Papierfaser-Pellets enthaltene Restwasser gebunden. Es verfestigt sich unter Bildung von Kalzium hydroxid und bildet allmählich einen von der Einbring seite aus fester werdenden Block. Dieser Block ist offenporig, weil die vorhandenen Luftblasen im Block verbleiben und den mit Kalziumoxid beladenen Preßluft strom durchlassen. Die offenporigen Luftblasen gewähr leisten die spätere Luftdurchlässigkeit des Filters.The burnt lime turns it into paper pulp or residual water contained in the paper fiber pellets bound. It solidifies to form calcium hydroxide and gradually forms one of the feed side of solidifying block. This block is open-pored, because the air bubbles in the block remain and the compressed air loaded with calcium oxide let electricity through. The open-pore air bubbles guarantee achieve the later air permeability of the filter.
Beim Kalziumoxid-Eintrags lagert sich überschüssiges Kalziumoxid in den Poren ein, das beim späteren Filter vorgang zur Bindung von Wasser oder organischen Sub stanzen geeignet ist und die Bindeaktivität des Filters bestimmt.Excess accumulates with the calcium oxide entry Calcium oxide in the pores, which in the later filter process for binding water or organic sub punching is suitable and the binding activity of the filter certainly.
Der Filterblock kann nun in scheibenförmige oder wür felförmige Filterkörper zerschnitten werden. Auch ein Zerbrechen in Form von kleinen schüttfähigen Filterkör pern zur Herstellung eines Schüttfilters ist möglich.The filter block can now be disc-shaped or Wür Filiform filter bodies can be cut. Also a Break up in the form of small pourable filter particles pern for the production of a bulk filter is possible.
Bei nachlassender Bindeaktivität ist eine Regeneration der Filterkörper durch Beaufschlagung mit CaO-Pulver möglich, das mit der zu reinigenden Abluft oder mit Reinluft in einem Regenerationslauf eingetragen werden kann. Die Schüttfilter unter Verwendung von Filterbruch gewährleisten eine große Porösität und damit eine hohe Luftdurchlässigkeit. Durch geeignete Wahl der Schütt höhe kann ein solcher Schüttfilter den zu erzielenden Abluftwerten angepaßt werden.If the binding activity decreases, regeneration is necessary the filter body by applying CaO powder possible with the exhaust air to be cleaned or with Clean air can be entered in a regeneration run can. The bulk filter using broken filter ensure a high porosity and thus a high level Air permeability. By suitable choice of the bulk Such a bulk filter can be the height to be achieved Exhaust air values can be adjusted.
Durch die Verwendung von Papierfasern und die hohe Po rösität der Filterkörper ist deren Dichte relativ nied rig: Sie liegt beispielsweise bei 0,1 bis 0,3 g/cm3. Wegen der geringen Dichte des Filtermaterials können auch für Großfilteranlagen relativ einfache und dünn wandige Filterbehälter aus Metall, Kunststoff oder Holz verwendet werden. Weiter kann es sich als kostengünstig erweisen, wenn statt einer Großfilteranlage kleinere Filterbehälter am Entstehungsort der Abgase aufgestellt werden, deren Abluft gegebenenfalls zusammengefaßt und über einen gemeinsamen Schornstein abgeführt werden kann.Due to the use of paper fibers and the high porosity of the filter body, their density is relatively low: for example, it is 0.1 to 0.3 g / cm 3 . Because of the low density of the filter material, relatively simple and thin-walled filter containers made of metal, plastic or wood can also be used for large filter systems. It can also prove to be cost-effective if, instead of a large filter system, smaller filter containers are set up at the point of origin of the exhaust gases, the exhaust air of which, if necessary, can be combined and discharged via a common chimney.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich zur Herstel lung von Filterkörpern zur Filtration fettiger oder ölhaltiger Abluft. Eine weitere Verwendungsart besteht in der Filtration von mit organischen Geruchsstoffen beladener Abluft insbesondere von Räucherei- und Röste rei-abgasen. Die meist sauren, in wäßrigen oder orga nischen Dämpfen mitgeführten Geruchsstoffe werden beim Durchtritt durch die Filterkörper vor allem durch das freie Kalziumoxid wirksam gebunden. Die Papierfaser- Pellets können grundsätzlich auch noch anderweitig, z. B. als Ersatz von Rindenmulch oder als Einstreu zum Aufsagen von Flüssigkeiten in Ställen oder von Öl ver wendet werden. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß die Papierfasern relativ schnell verrotten und dadurch Nährstoffanteile in den Boden einbringen können. Bei der Papierfaserbreiherstellung werden zweckmäßig die aufgeschwemmten, schwermetallhaltigen Farbpartikel de kantiert und entsorgt. Druckerschwärze ist als solche nicht schwermetallhaltig und kann unbedenklich in einem Recyclingdünger verbleiben.The method according to the invention is suitable for manufacturing filter bodies for the filtration of greasy or exhaust air containing oil. Another type of use exists in the filtration of organic odors laden exhaust air, especially from smokehouse and roast exhaust fumes. Mostly acidic, in aqueous or orga African vapors carried odors are Passing through the filter body especially through that free calcium oxide bound effectively. The paper fiber Pellets can also be used in other ways, e.g. B. as a replacement for bark mulch or as bedding for Announcement of liquids in stables or of oil ver be applied. It should be borne in mind that the Paper fibers decompose relatively quickly and as a result Can bring nutrients into the soil. At the pulp production are expediently the suspended, heavy metal color particles de edged and disposed of. Ink is as such does not contain heavy metals and can be used in one Recycling fertilizers remain.
Falls die Filterkörper im industriellen Bereich, bei spielsweise in Lackierstraßen, zum Einsatz kommen, ist in den meisten Fällen eine Weiterverwertung als Dünge mittel nicht mehr möglich. In diesem Falle kann das Filtermaterial zusammen mit den in ihm enthaltenen Stof fen, wie Lack, Farben und dergleichen verbrannt werden. Beim Verbrennungsvorgang verbrennen das im Filtermate rial enthaltene Papier und eventuelle organische Be standteile heraus, so daß Kalk übrigbleibt. Der Kalk fällt dann beispielsweise als körniger Niederschlag in Form einer Schlacke an, die gegebenenfalls rezykliert werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäßen Filterkörper können auch im Kraftfahrzeugbereich, beispielsweise als Abgas filter für Dieselmotoren, eingesetzt werden. Zusammen fassend ist folgendes festzustellen: Die Erfindung be zieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von porö sen Filterkörpern, bei welchem Papier und/oder Pappma terial mit Wasser versetzt und unter Lufteintrag zu einem schäumigen Papierfaserbrei gerührt oder geschla gen wird und bei welchem anschließend der schaumige Papierfaserbrei unter Bildung eines offenporigen Fil terblocks getrocknet oder gehärtet wird. Zur Härtung des Filterblocks kann in den zuvor eingedickten und mit Preßluft beaufschlagten Papierfaserbrei Kalziumoxid- Pulver in stöchiometrischem Überschuß eingetragen werden.If the filter body in the industrial area, at for example in painting lines in most cases it can be used as fertilizer medium no longer possible. In this case it can Filter material together with the substance contained in it how paint, paints and the like are burned. This burns in the filter mat during the combustion process paper and any organic contents out so that lime remains. The lime then falls into, for example, as a granular precipitate Form of a slag that recycles if necessary can be. The filter body according to the invention can also in the motor vehicle sector, for example as exhaust gas filters for diesel engines. Together In summary, the following can be stated: The invention be relates to a process for the production of porö sen filter bodies, with which paper and / or cardboard mixed with water and air intake a foamy pulp of paper pulp stirred or closed and which is followed by the frothy one Paper pulp to form an open-pored fil terblocks is dried or hardened. For hardening of the filter block can be in the previously thickened and with Compressed air pressurized pulp calcium oxide Powder are entered in stoichiometric excess.
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4207233A DE4207233A1 (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Prodn. of porous filter body for exhaust gas - by saturating paper and/or cardboard material with water, stirring and drying or hardening obtd. foamed pulp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4207233A DE4207233A1 (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Prodn. of porous filter body for exhaust gas - by saturating paper and/or cardboard material with water, stirring and drying or hardening obtd. foamed pulp |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE4207233A1 true DE4207233A1 (en) | 1993-11-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4207233A Withdrawn DE4207233A1 (en) | 1992-03-07 | 1992-03-07 | Prodn. of porous filter body for exhaust gas - by saturating paper and/or cardboard material with water, stirring and drying or hardening obtd. foamed pulp |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE4207233A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0671504A1 (en) * | 1994-02-11 | 1995-09-13 | Schweitzer, Jacob | Process for making a foamed material from waste paper and similar material |
US5707579A (en) * | 1994-02-11 | 1998-01-13 | Schweitzer, Vodermair & Schimmer-Wottrich Gbr | Process for producing foamed material from waste paper and the like |
DE19742266A1 (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-05-06 | Ludger Dr Steinmann | Upgrading of chemical and energy raw materials by reaction with low-value raw materials |
AT405847B (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1999-11-25 | Zellform Ges M B H | METHOD FOR PRODUCING BLANKS OR SHAPED BODIES FROM CELLULOSE FIBERS |
EP1380401A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-01-14 | Suzuki Kogyo Co. Ltd. | Apparatus for producing foamed moldings, and method for producing laminated foamed moldings and foamed moldings produced thereby |
US8222021B2 (en) | 2003-04-29 | 2012-07-17 | Ching-Ping Tseng | System and process for treating waste gas employing bio-treatment technology |
US11255051B2 (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2022-02-22 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Fibrous sheet with improved properties |
US11313061B2 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2022-04-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens |
US11591755B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2023-02-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Paper tissue with high bulk and low lint |
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DE3916131A1 (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1990-11-22 | Andreas Zeyen | Cheap oil-absorbing fibrous cleaning material prodn. from waste paper - by soaking in water, loosening and removing filler, pulverising and drying |
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DE3916131A1 (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1990-11-22 | Andreas Zeyen | Cheap oil-absorbing fibrous cleaning material prodn. from waste paper - by soaking in water, loosening and removing filler, pulverising and drying |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5707579A (en) * | 1994-02-11 | 1998-01-13 | Schweitzer, Vodermair & Schimmer-Wottrich Gbr | Process for producing foamed material from waste paper and the like |
EP0671504A1 (en) * | 1994-02-11 | 1995-09-13 | Schweitzer, Jacob | Process for making a foamed material from waste paper and similar material |
AT405847B (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1999-11-25 | Zellform Ges M B H | METHOD FOR PRODUCING BLANKS OR SHAPED BODIES FROM CELLULOSE FIBERS |
US6379594B1 (en) | 1996-09-16 | 2002-04-30 | Zellform Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for producing workpieces and molded pieces out of cellulose and/or cellulose-containing fiber material |
DE19742266A1 (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-05-06 | Ludger Dr Steinmann | Upgrading of chemical and energy raw materials by reaction with low-value raw materials |
EP1380401B1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2016-07-27 | Suzuki Kogyo Co. Ltd. | Method for producing foamed moldings |
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