DE4209577A1 - Asbestos and mineral wool disposal - has container for material to be filled with wet concrete to cover and seal it - Google Patents

Abstract

Disposal of hazardous materials, esp. asbestos or mineral wool, involves loading the waste into a container (1,2) for transport to final disposal. The material in the container is immersed in a mixt. (14) of a hardening material e.g. wet concrete and/or cement with water. The added hardening material (14) is pref dried and set to give a firm bond with the container (1,2) and/or the hazardous material. The dangerous material is initially loaded into sacks (11) pref. of plastics on site and then laid in the container (1,2) with no attempt to break it down or shredding. The added sealant material (14) is vibrated to give the required density and/or the vibration is applied mechanically. The outer wall of the container (1,2) carries a data marking. As the wet sealant (14) is fed to the container (1,2), the feed continues until the water level (15) reaches the upper side edge (7,16) and/or the upper side of the container (1,2). The container (1,2) has a lid of a dense material with a hinge with a rod passing through the sleeves of the hinge body. The base (2) can be separate to set the hollow body (1) without a base and/or join them with iron straps. The base (2) has a projecting edge for support on the floor, and the lid can be locked by a padlock hasp. The container can be divided into a number of hollow sections, each with its own base. The container gives a brick shape. The body (1) and lid (3) are made of a concrete base material. The body (1) has a number of stepped sections at the interior of the upper side and/or externally at the lower side. ADVANTAGE - The system allows safe disposal of the hazardous material and sealing in hardened blocks for safety, which can be used as filling or construction e.g. acoustic insulation.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the disposal of Ge fuels, especially asbestos or mineral wool, in which filled into a transportable container and in it for final storage in a landfill or the like be animals. The invention further relates to a method for the production of transportable molded articles, the derar contain dangerous substances by keeping a solid shape nis is used in which the hazardous substance (s) are incorporated be filled. Finally, the invention relates to a Be Relationship to carry out the procedures mentioned.

It is known to be dangerous substances like asbestos, above all Spray asbestos, with inter alia water and cement and pour it out and let it harden in the shape of a cube. However, this is done in a self-contained, process technically complex and therefore expensive special Investments. The waste disposal cast in it hard into cubes Then the body must not have dangerous particles escape into the environment, surrounded with plastic films will. However, these tear easily due to the fact that in the Special system resulting in sharp cube edges. Furthermore is the additional effort of a shredder machine is not necessary manoeuvrable because the hazardous substances are fed into the Special plant must be crushed.

The so-called "barrel-in-barrel" method is also known: The hazardous substance is first placed in a smaller barrel  fills. This is then placed in a larger barrel, and the free space between the outer wall of the smaller barrel and the inner wall of the larger barrel is usually poured out with concrete. As material for the barrels are mostly used plastic, of all dings - especially in view of the chemical aggressiveness of hazardous substances - not particularly stable or permanent is. The cardboard materials often used for the barrels decompose particularly quickly. In any case, still Remaining concrete partition can hold its shape and stable containment of the hazardous substance already therefore do not guarantee, because the interior che hazardous substance neither solidified in itself nor chemically new tralized is still made inert.

This results in the Pro on which the invention is based blem, an easy and cheap feasible option for the disposal of hazardous substances, especially asbestos create that with a low cost of equipment and also is feasible on site and high security at Final storage results.

The solution is in a disposal process with the proposed features proposed according to the invention, that in the container the hazardous substance with one or more ren formable and curable additional substance mixtures, at for example wet concrete and / or cement and water, mixed becomes. With this method you can already in the container on site with the hazardous substances and the mixture of additives can be linked and hardened. A previous crushing or other processing not necessary anymore. Within the scope of the invention Molded body production process with the aforementioned  Features accordingly proposed that in the container the hazardous substance with one or more moist and ver malleable additional substance mixtures, for example wet concrete and / or cement and water, and then the mixture is dried until the additive mixture has hardened and deal with the container and / or the hazardous substance firmly connected. The moldings produced in this way can then as a means of transport or medium for the contained therein serve hazardous substance and be disposed of without digging is necessary. Side wall and bottom of the Container form a safely surrounding vessel with compact ter design, which may only be in the area its top opening a cover, for example art fabric cover, needs.

After a special training of the invention, the Ge Fuel essentially unchanged on site removed and filled into one or more sacks that then placed in the container. The sacks can be then cement or water or concrete into one "masonry" solid structure as it were. Especially if that Bags made of durable plastic are unnecessary a cover-like cover during final storage or Plastic covering the top opening of the container. On the one hand, the hazardous substances are from the sacks largely tightly encased, which then also from the hardened mixture of additives (mortar or concrete) are stabilized and densely surrounded.

To accelerate the curing and compaction process gen, it is advisable to the mixture in the vessel To set vibrating frame or a known concrete Immerse the vibrating bottle. This will cause vibrations  sent to the batch, which leads to the compression is changed.

It is within the scope of the invention that the outer wall of the Container, especially after further processing to the transportable disposal moldings, as information carriers ger is used, for example, for ge asbestos common international hazard identification "a" on the Outer wall is marked. For example, in High or low pressure processes are carried out.

The additive substance mixture used is advantageous ner deformability so wet or damp that it is Forms liquid level. It will be convenient long in the container until the liquid spittle gel the top of the page and / or the top of the loading ratio has reached. By using the liquid level closes the upper edge, results after drying and hardening a flat top, so that the resul moldings for disposal, especially as fillers or building material for example for soundproof walls.

Also within the general inventive idea the use of a specifically designed container in that it has a lid made of dense material is provided, the detachable and / or on the container hollow body is removably attached. This results in the poss not within the container Permanent dangerous goods, possibly filled in plastic sacks, safe to transprotect. The additional mixture of substances can then, for example, only be turned on at the final storage location fills and can be dried to harden. The lid will previously approved and can be used for further dangerous goods transports  be reused. On the other hand, it is also possible the additive substance mixture in the container on site fill, close it with the lid and then to bring to a jogger or to the repository, where then - after hardening - the lid for the rest use is removed.

In a concrete implementation in the case of the invention Ratio between lid and hollow body a hinge Binding arranged, a share attached to the lid kidney sleeve and a hinge rod, which the Hinge sleeve and the hollow body longitudinally displaceable through puts. The lid should be removed for reuse the hinge rod is pulled out of the sleeve and then removed the lid.

A separate one is particularly advantageous for the container Bottom part provided on which the bottomless in such a case Hollow body placed and fi by connecting elements can be fixed. Are suitable as connecting elements preferably iron body penetrating hollow body and bottom part ben.

After a special training, the container is out a plurality of hollow bodies produced, which in Ab cuts are arranged on top of each other. The advantage is that such a container with depending on the type adjustable height application can be formed. Preferential the hollow bodies have mutually covering floor plans on. Every hollow body is in a special training provided its own bottom part so that a container ent stands in different chambers for example differently sorted hazardous substances is structured.  

In many cases it is desirable to use the containers and / or de stack the hollow body sections on top of each other. That serves an embodiment of the invention, according to which the hollow body for Forming contact areas on its top with a or more gradations facing the interior of the container gene and / or on its underside with one or more, gradations facing the outside of the container is provided. Are the gradations and the result contact surfaces of several containers molded in the same dimensions, so the bottom with their outer gradation complementary to the inner gradation who put on the top of another container the, where the inner and outer gradations form each other conclusively add. As a result, the stability and Transportability of a stack of several on top of each other placed containers increased. The lower outer gradation is also great for a separate Bottom part with peripherally projecting edge put on will.

In order to produce the waste disposal Shaped body, the desired firm connection of the additional Mixture of substances, preferably be made of mortar or concrete stands, are to be promoted after further training Invention of the hollow body (along with the bottom part) and given if the cover is made of concrete as the base material. On due to the hygroscopic properties of the concrete filled, moist additive mixture quickly water withdrawn, so that the drying and curing process accelerated and at the same time an intimate connection between the container and hardened additive mixture is achieved.

More details, features and benefits based on the invention result from the following description exercise of preferred embodiments and based on the Drawings.

These show in

Fig. 1 is a perspective-exploded depicting lung of a container according to the invention with starting a sophisticated cover,

Fig. 2 in elevation of a modified receptacle with hinged on and the cover is closed,

Fig. 3 in elevation of the container shown in FIG. 2 without a lid,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view according to marking IV in Fig. 2, and

Fig. 5 shows a further modification of the ratio Be invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the container for forming Dispose of confining a moldings, the outer wall forming Hohlkör per 1 which is mounted on a bottom part 2. To close the open-top container, a lid 3 with a handle 4 is provided. The cover 3 is dimensioned in length and width so that it can be placed on the mounting surface 5 to cover the upwardly open container who can. This results from an internal step 6 with an upper, outwardly offset inner edge 7 .

Referring to FIG. 2, the bottom of the hollow body 1 is provided with an outer gradation 8, there is another, seen from the outward exposed contact surface. 9 Via this, the hollow body 1 is placed on the projecting edge 10 of the bottom part 2, which is designed separately in the example. The edge 10 and the outer gradation 8 are designed complementary to each other and complement each other so as to be flush with the closed container wall.

It is also within the scope of the invention, hollow body and Bo to manufacture the part in one piece.

According to FIG. 2, a plurality of plastic bags 11 are inserted into the container, which are each filled with hazardous materials such as asbestos. The lid 3 is pivotally connected via a hinge connection 12 to the hollow body 1 and closed by means of a padlock 13 for transport to an end storage site.

According to FIG. 3, the cover 3 is removed and an additive substance mixture 14 , for example mortar, is added to the bags 11 . This has been poured in largely liquid form until the liquid level 15 is flush with the lower inner edge 16 , which belongs to the upper inner gradation 6 of the hollow body 1 , so that the cover 3 can still be put on for further transport. If the container is already at the final storage location, the addition of additive substance mixture 14 can be increased until the liquid level 15 reaches the upper inner edge 7 of the inner gradation 6 . In this case, there is a molded article containing a hazardous substance with a flat top.

According to Fig. 4 of the lid 3 is attached to the narrow side of a hinge sleeve 17, inserted into a hinge shaft 18 in its longitudinal direction and can be pulled out is disposed. In the wall of the hollow body 1 is formed a bore 19 aligned with the hinge sleeve 17 , which is also penetrated by the hinge rod 18 and together forms the hinge joint 17 , 18 , 19 . After the hinge rod 18 has been pulled out of the hinge sleeve 17 , the cover 3 can be removed from the upper opening of the container, as shown in FIG. 3.

According to FIG. 5, the container can be carried Aufeindersetzen or stacking a plurality of separately hergestell ter hollow body 1 a, 1 b, 1 c form. Here, the complementary inner and outer extensions 6 , 8 complement each other at the upper and lower edges of the hollow body by 1 a, 1 b, 1 c in a form-fitting manner to complete the tight container wall. The respective lower and upper edges 20 , 21 of the separate hollow bodies are flush with one another and form a seal. In the lower outer step 8 of the lowermost hollow body, the front edge 10 of the sole base plate 2, as shown in the example, is positively and sealingly engaged. Alternatively, each of the hollow bodies 1 a- 1 c can also be provided with its own integrated base part.

The invention is not based on the use of a container ses in cuboid or cube shape according to drawings limits. Containers in are also useful, for example Cylindrical shape.

Claims (17)

1. A process for the disposal of hazardous substances, in particular asbestos or mineral wool, in which these are filled into a trans portable container ( 1 , 2 ) and transported therein to the final position, characterized in that in the container ( 1 , 2 ) the hazardous substance with one or more formable and curable additional substance mixtures ( 14 ), for example wet concrete and / or cement and water, is mixed. 2. A process for the production of hazardous substances, in particular asbestos or mineral wool, containing transportable shaped bodies ( FIG. 3) with a solid molded container ( 1 , 2 ) into which the hazardous substance or substances are filled, characterized in that in the Container ( 1 , 2 ) of the Ge fuel mixed with one or more moist and deformable additional substance mixtures ( 14 ), for example wet concrete and / or cement and water, and then the quantity is dried until the additional substance mixture ( 14 ) is cured and has firmly attached to the container ( 1 , 2 ) and / or the hazardous substance. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hazardous substance is initially removed essentially unchanged in one or more bags ( 11 ) preferably filled in plastic, which are then placed in the container ( 1 , 2 ). 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hazardous substance, taken directly on site, unprocessed, in particular uncrushed, is placed in the container ( 1 , 2 ). 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, since characterized in that the mixture to its compression shaken and / or exposed to mechanical vibrations becomes. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer wall of the container ( 1 , 2 ) is marked for carrying information (a). 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, where in the filled additive mixture ( 14 ) forms a liquid speed mirror ( 15 ), characterized in that the additive mixture ( 14 ) is added until the liquid level ( 15 ) the upper Side edge ( 7 , 16 ) and / or the top of the container ( 1 , 2 ) reached. 8. Shaped body ( Fig. 3), manufactured according to one of claims 2-7, used as a filler or building material, for example for soundproof walls. 9. Container ( 1 , 2 ) for performing the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a on the container hollow body ( 1 ) detachably and / or removably attached lid ( 3 ) made of dense material. 10. Container according to claim 9, characterized by a hinge connection ( 12 ) between the lid ( 3 ) and hollow body ( 1 ), which has a hinge sleeve ( 17 ) attached to the lid ( 3 ) and a hinge rod ( 18 ) which the hinge sleeve ( 17 ) and the hollow body ( 1 ) is longitudinally displaceable ( 22 ) ( 19 ). 11. Container according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by a separate bottom part ( 2 ) which is designed to put on the optionally bottomless hollow body ( 1 ) and / or is connected to the latter preferably via iron struts. 12. Container according to claim 11, characterized in that the bottom part ( 2 ) has a projecting attachment edge ( 10 ). 13. Container according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized by a padlock ( 13 ) between the hollow body ( 1 ) and cover ( 3 ). 14. Container according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized by a plurality of separately manufactured and from section by section superimposed hollow body ( 1 a, 1 b, 1 c), each of which may have its own bottom part. 15. Container according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized characterized by a cube shape. 16. Container according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the hollow body ( 1 ) and optionally the lid ( 3 ) are made of concrete as the base material. 17. A container according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the hollow body ( 1 ) for forming seating surfaces ( 5 , 9 ) on its top with one or more ren, internally formed gradations ( 6 ) and / or its underside is provided with one or more gradations ( 8 ) formed from the outside.