DE419700C - Method for generating relief images - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON OCTOBER 6, 1925.

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

- JVi 419700 CLASS 57c GROUP

Method for generating relief images. Patented in the German Empire on January 4, 1925.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing of series of pictures, which carry the pictures in the form of reliefs. Such illustrated tapes are suitable for reproduction in black and white. They can also be appropriately colored and then used in a variety of ways. For example, the images can be saved as ■ Printing forms are used to transfer to another illustrated book after the suction process to be transferred. The images can also take cover separately on a screen projected with each other by an additive process, or they can be each other superimposed and projected onto a screen according to a subtractive method.

The relief of the images can be created in different ways. With certain Processes, which can be described as indirect relief processes, are the bands

which is exposed from the layer side, and the exposed sections are removed, after the unexposed portions have been hardened to prevent them from leaching out to make resilient. In this case, the unexposed layer sections remain on the image tape in the Form of reliefs, which approximately represent the counterpart to the exposed parts of the xo layer. In other procedures, which can be referred to as indirect relief processes, the films are made by the substrate is exposed through and the unexposed parts of the layer are washed away, after the exposed emulsion sections have been cured, so that the exposed emulsion sections are in the mold left behind by reliefs.

In the production of static images in relief, you have to wash out of emulsions caused by bathing the panels or films in hot water. Even though this method for single images, as you would with the recording of stationary objects wins, is useful, it is not enough for the production of cinematographic Film. For example, if the film is steady in the longitudinal direction through a container is moved through with liquid, as one does with cinematographic films When passing through developing container o. The like. To do, then step often strips on the film tape parallel to the direction of movement through the liquid on, d. H. vertical stripes appear on the film. In addition, the detachment takes place the emulsion too slowly, especially if it is to take place in a stage which the development and hardening of the emulsion in the same continuous process follows. In addition, a very large amount of dissolving liquid is needed for the sharply delimited dissolving out of emulsions, so that one must constantly supplement the solution. Although the solution is only water, so will the process is uneconomical just by heating water in sufficient quantities.

The subject of the invention now forms an improved method and an apparatus to carry out the same to treat cinematographic films so that the dissolving out of emulsions faster and can be effected more cheaply and that sharper and clearer images are obtained while at the same time reducing the tendency to form streaks and others Irregularities on the film.

The washing out of emulsions according to the invention is carried out in such a way that one after suitable Preparation of the film for the washing process, the washing or dissolving liquid allowed to flow over the film surface, the film preferably being continuous in one direction is moved which is opposite to the direction in which the liquid flows over the film surface. on this way the film becomes steady with the flow of liquid exposed, and each section of the film comes in increasingly fresher liquid, in which it is directed against the flow of liquid. Although the stream of Dissolving liquid can be passed through a trough or a pipe through which the film is moved, the dissolving liquid is preferred passed over the film surface in a thin stream that is just deep enough to completely cover the film. The best way to do this is to guide the film in a path, one section of which increases, be it perpendicular, be it at a certain inclination to the horizontal, and that the flow of liquid in the The ascending section of the track descends due to gravity along the ascending track Section of film that follows this section of the path. When the amount of dissolving liquid is appropriately regulated, then the liquid flow covers the film over its go entire width, especially if the film is guided on a very steep path.

Although the washing out of emulsion exclusively in the manner indicated can be done by a stream of liquid, the film is expediently initially through a bath of dissolving liquid is passed through it to soften that part of the emulsion which is to be dissolved out, and in this way the dissolution of the emulsion prepare. The degree to which the dissolution process in the liquid bath proceeds can be within wide limits can be varied, but in each case the leaching of the emulsion is caused by the mentioned Liquid flow; accomplished. If the film is passed through a bath of liquid, then it becomes expedient when stepping over over the surface of the bath immediately upwards and counter to the mentioned liquid flow, the Current flows down along the film and pours into the bath. The flow of liquid in this way supplements the mass of the bath liquid, which the latter comes from the bottom layer is diverted to the extent that new liquid enters. The flow of liquid carries with it all solids that are on the surface of the bath at the point where the Film emerges from the bath liquid, float because the liquid flow when hitting the surface of the bath

Tends to spread and therefore moves away from the film, creating the floating matter on the surface of the bath can be prevented from adhering to the film.

The aforementioned flow of liquid is stirred by its progressive movement *, whereby the dissolving out of emulsion is facilitated and improved. These

ίο Agitation of the flowing liquid is favored by the perforation of the film, which directs the current diagonally inwards towards the center of the film seeks.

After the film has passed through the liquid stream, the upper j Liquid adhering to the surface preferably blown away in a direction which is both transverse and longitudinal running inclined to the film, d. H. in a direction inclined to both the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the film is, whereby the complete removal of the superficially attached fluid is very great is promoted without the film becoming streaked, while an air stream, which is inclined only in the transverse direction of the film or only in its longitudinal direction, neither to cause a complete removal of the adhering liquid nor the occurrence able to avoid banding. The air is preferably from a elongated nozzle or opening blown onto the film, which is essentially transverse to the Film tape is directed, wherein the opening is preferably made adjustable to the To be able to change the inclination of the air flow against the surface of the film.

The above-mentioned liquid flow is directed against the film preferably through nozzles directed whose mouths are at the edges of the film. In case of treatment In the case of double films or films with double image layers, the same nozzles are preferably used to control the flow of liquid to be directed partly against one and the other side of the film. i

For the purpose of illustrating \ is on the accompanying drawing, a execution j

Approximate form of a device shown as they are used according to the invention can.

Fig. Ι shows an elevation of the device, j Fig. 2 is a section along line 2-2 I

a Fig. 1.;

Fig. 3 is a section along line 3-3 j

Fig. 2.:

Fig. 4 is a section along line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is an end view of the liquid nozzles. ,

Fig. 6 is a section along line 6-6 of Fig. 2.

The embodiment of the invention chosen for illustration is shown in FIG Connection to a machine for continuous development, bleaching and fixing of cinematographic films. Such an apparatus usually has one Row of containers through which the film is continuously moved one behind the other. In Fig. Ι two such containers are shown, which are denoted by 1 and 2. Other containers which still belong to such an apparatus and which than lying to the right of the containers 1, 2 think are left out. In the container ι the film occurs over roll 3, turns then downwards and runs over the roller 4 to then upwards to Go to role 5 and then in the container 2 also first downwards to Roll 6 and then up to roll 7. The role 7 turns the film to the left and enters a drying chamber or another, the further one Film treatment chamber. According to the present invention, the container ι a washing container and the container 2 be a dissolving container, which the latter with an overflow pipe 8 is provided which opens into the container at its bottom and the liquid overflows at its upper end at 9.

The above-mentioned liquid nozzle preferably has an opening 10 which is located on Edge of the film is located so that the liquid is directed against the film from the side will. When the film has a layer on both sides and one on both sides If the dissolving liquid is to be treated, then the nozzle opening is preferably placed so that that it is divided by the film plane in the middle, as shown in Fig. 5, so that the liquid simultaneously against both sides of the film from the same opening is judged. To adjust the film opposite the nozzle opening, there are guides provided which are adjacent to the nozzle opening. These tours are with the Embodiment shown in the drawing attached to the nozzle itself and firmly connected to it and have the shape of flanges 11, 12, which between them expose a channel 13 for receiving the film. The flanges 11, 12 are designed in this way and arranged to contact the film only at points 14 and 15 so that the film is centered with respect to the nozzle opening without the guide members on the film touch a larger area. The flanges 11 and 12 only reach up to the film perfor-

The position of which is indicated in Fig. 2 at 16, so that the surface is not in contact with the part of the film that carries the images. By tilting the nozzle against the film path, as shown in Fig. 5, the ends of the flanges serve as bearings for guiding the film, and the nozzle mouths are inclined against the film web so that an adequate amount of water against both Pages of the film is straightened even if the film is a little wrinkled and as a result does not lie exactly in the plane which is defined by the leading edges 14 and 15 will. In the embodiment shown in the drawing are exactly with each other matching nozzles are provided on opposite sides of the film and through pipe sections 17, 18 to a common Feed pipe 19 connected.

. The nozzles 10 are arranged directly above the container 2 with the dissolving liquid, so that the film runs essentially perpendicularly from the container to the nozzles, which is particularly useful when

as when the film is treated on both sides shall be. The required distance of the nozzles from the container depends on the strength of the flow of liquid, of its temperature, of the speed of the film movement and from the degree to which the dissolution of emulsion in the container 2 has been prepared. The distance but must in any case be large enough to wash out the solution Allow emulsion completely until the film reaches the nozzles.

A suitable Lösefiüssigkeit for the emulsion of the film consists of water at a temperature of 50 ⁰ C, the water being fed in an amount such that a stream of liquid flows along both sides of the film from the nozzles to the container 2, which flow to the film surfaces only needs to have a small height, but must cover the entire width of the film. If the flow of liquid is properly adjusted, then both sides of the film can be completely covered over the entire distance of the nozzles from the container 2 without the liquid flowing off at the edges of the film.

In the illustrated embodiment of the device, the film intervenes opposing air nozzles 20 through immediately after being between the Liquid nozzles 10 has passed through. The air nozzles exist in a preferred one Embodiment of two tubular parts which run parallel to each other on opposite sides of the film and which at 21 with the two branches 22 ! a wider tube 23 are connected, 'the ends of which, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 can be seen . is, the ends of the tubes 20 receives. On the inside of the tubes 20 are longitudinal slots 24 are provided, which are directed against opposite sides of the film tape, f η the tubes 20 tubes 25 are suitable used, which have narrow longitudinal slots 26. The tubes 25 are at their bottom Ends open (Fig. 2) and at their upper; Ends closed, the latter with Handle 27 are provided, which over the! open ends of the outer tubes 20 protrude. With the help of the handles 27, the inner tubes can be rotated to the ί direction of the slots 26 and thus the inclination of the air jet emerging from the nozzles against the film.

A valuable feature of the invention is the inclined arrangement of the air nozzles the film in such a way that the nozzles face both the transverse direction and the The length of the film is inclined, with the preferred degree of inclination in Fig. 2 is shown. Apart from the inclined arrangement of the tubes, the position the slots 26 preferably also by setting by means of the handle 27 so determines that the air flows both downwards and in the sense of Fig. 2 to the left be judged. With such an arrangement, essentially the whole becomes superficial Any adhering liquid is blown off the film, and it will also occur from streaks on the films such as those created by air jets according to prior arrangements. If the Tubes 20 would be directed horizontally parallel to the transverse direction of the film so that they would blow the water down along the film, then one would find that the film has a tendency to have longitudinal stripes after its drying. if the air nozzles on one edge of the film would be positioned horizontally across Blow over the film, there would be a tendency for uneven removal of the liquid adhering to the surface, and there could possibly be a considerable amount of liquid on it sticking to the film, especially near the edge of the film that comes from the air nozzles is absent.

The operation of the device is as follows: The film is, as mentioned above, moved continuously through the device. As the film passes through the container 2, the gelatin becomes which should be removed, softened and can also be removed to a certain extent will. The container is thereby with

Water of about 50 ° C kept filled. When the film from the surface of the liquid emerges in the container 2 and moves upwards towards the nozzles 10, then both sides of the film become hot under the action of the rapidly flowing stream Exposed to water. This flow of water experiences a natural agitation its own movement and is also stirred by the perforation of the film, which the water from both sides inwards towards the center of the film seeks to deflect, so that the water in the current is constantly stirred will. The consequence of this is that the softened gelatin is carried on quickly and that the Film, when it passes the nozzles 10, is completely freed from soft gelatin and the shows hard gelatin in sharply defined relief. Because the edge portions of the film are not are exposed, the gelatine is completely washed away at the edges, and the The celluloid base of the gelatine is completely free from outside the perforation Gelatin. After the film has passed between the nozzles 10, it arrives; between the nozzles 20, where the liquid adhering to the surface is blown away so that the film is dried quickly can if he is on it by a dry | chamber is guided. The container 2 can continuously be filled with hot water Tube which opens into it, either at its upper or lower end or also fed in the middle. As a rule, however, this is sufficient on the film from the nozzles 10 downward flowing water.

The method described above and the apparatus serving the same allows emulsions to be dissolved quickly and thoroughly from the film layer and requires only a small fraction of that amount of hot for this purpose Water used for the same purpose; in other previously known methods required i that is. |

Claims (9)

Patent Claims:, i. Method for generating relief | images on a photographic film, the exposed and unexposed sections of which are made differently soluble, characterized in that the λόπ layer mass is determined for the dissolving out ^! running hot water or some other dissolving liquid along the film surface in order to wash out the soluble layer mass as quickly and completely as possible. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the film is steadily opposite the direction of the flow of washout liquid is moved to continue exposure to new film sections suspend the flow of liquid. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the action The film to be exposed to the liquid flow is moved upwards, while the liquid is in a thin layer flows downwards under gravity. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the liquid the film is fed from its opposite edges so that it is on both side surfaces in the the entire width of the film. 5. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the Liquid adhering to the surface of the film is blown off after the film has passed the point at which it is with comes into contact with the flow of liquid. 6. device for processing photographic film with liquid, characterized in that the film guide is designed so that the Film results in an ascending section of the track to which a device for loading of the associated film section is assigned with liquid. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the mouthpieces of the liquid feed line directed against the side walls of the film section following the ascending path are. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mouthpieces of the feed line carry guide flanges for the film walls and slot-shaped ones between the flanges Have openings. 9. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the irrigation device a blowing device for blowing off liquid adhering to the surface of the film is upstream, which allows an air or gas flow against the film obliquely to its surface and at the same time to its longitudinal axis to judge. 1 sheet of drawings.