DE4143026A1 - Central heating system for dwelling and commercial houses - is oil or gas fired with water as heating medium pumped around radiators for heating and for domestic use. - Google Patents

Abstract

The domestic heating system or commercial building heating system uses circulating water. The water is pumped (3) from the lower part of the boiler (1) to the radiators (5) and, as it cools, is returned from the radiator back to the upper part of the boiler. The hot water enters the lower part of the radiator and returns from the upper part. The pump is activated by a retard relay or thermostat to bring the heating up to room temperature. USE/ADVANTAGE - Central heating system uses low temperature boiler avoiding condensation build up.

Description

The invention relates to central heating systems for heating and / or process water with a liquid as heat transport medium z. B. water, especially for residential and commercial used houses that are heated with oil or gas and one Liquid circulation pump for transporting the heat transfer by means of.

Such boilers have to do justice to growing environmental awareness be by the efficiency of the legal exhaust gas regulations corresponds, and in addition, the exhaust gas heat as low as possible hold. This is caused by low temperature boilers and by Condensing boiler reached. In the condensing boiler, the Condensation heat of the exhaust gases is still used.

With the low-temperature boiler, the exhaust gases should be up to be cooled to the dew point. Cooling below the dew point causes the formation of aggressive condensates, which the Reduce the service life of the boiler or the boiler must run out corrosion-resistant material can be made, which is very expensive is. In addition, there is the problem of disposal the condensates.

Central heating was initially only with a liquid circulation built by gravity. This Circulation turned on its own due to the expansion of the warm Water, the warm water due to the lower specific weight increases while the cooled Water is returned to the bottom of the boiler. With the advent powerful pumps have been forced into circulation by means of a Circulation pump introduced. But one soon noticed that an undesirable effect in the boiler at low return temperatures Condensate formed.

If the cold return water is fed to the bottom of the boiler, it has the desire to stay down. This will form cold zones in the bottom of the boiler, in which condensate is preferred uses. The main heat is transferred during the heating phase but took place at the top while in the low temperature range should take place.

Mixing valves were then installed to control the return temperature not to let it sink too much. In addition, for example, are off the P 29 06 869.7 and P 28 17 538 bypass lines known, the return some of the warm water to the bottom of the boiler.

Furthermore, boilers with double-rib profiles are manufactured. However, the disadvantage of these boilers is the high manufacturing costs. Boilers with multiple walls have also been proposed, but they are also all expensive.

The invention has for its object conventional, inexpensive To make the boiler usable as a low-temperature boiler without the Disadvantages of the formation of condensate occur.  

This object is achieved with a central heating system plant of the type mentioned solved in that the heated liquid transport means (e.g. hot water) by means of the circulation pump in the bottom of the boiler and the heater ementen is guided, while the cooled medium, which from flows back to the radiators, the boiler above again is fed.

The advantages of the invention are that the Return cooled water returned to the top of the boiler yourself

• 1. immediately mixes with the hot water in the top of the boiler, and this prevents the formation of cold zones in the boiler. Also if the return temperature the dew point even significantly falls below, no condensate can form in the boiler because there are no surfaces in the boiler at which the dew point would fall below.
• 2. The cooled water is during the heating phase above in the most effective area of the boiler because the hot ones Always aim for flames. Therefore there arises there improved heat transfer due to the low boiler temperature and the increased temperature difference. The exhaust gases are optimally used and the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced, which leads to improved efficiency.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, this is shown below heated heating water taken from the boiler to a radiator fed from below and the return on top of the radiator taken.

The discharge of the heated water down into a radiator has the advantage that, especially with high radiators Temperature difference between the top and bottom is not that big. The warm water flowing into the radiator at the bottom warms the Radiator below more intense than already cooled water descends from above. Such radiators heat particularly in the Near the floor a little better due to the higher temperature.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention becomes a room temperature when starting Heating system the circulation pump only later due to a delay tion relay or a thermostat switch activated with a delay.

Each boiler must be started up once. Will during this start-up process no cold water to the boiler led, the lower temperature range in which theoretically could form a condensate, drive through quickly. As soon as the operating temperature is reached, the Heating circuit can be switched on. With this additional device the night reduction can optionally take place down to room temperature, without operational safety being compromised in any way. This is the only way to achieve minimal energy losses at night.

An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing is shown and described in more detail below:  

Fig. 1 shows a heating boiler 1 , in which the heat transfer port water is heated. The heated water is removed from the boiler at the bottom through line 2 and by means of the pump 3 , which can be located anywhere in the heating water circuit, passed through an optional gravity check valve 4 to at least one radiator 5 . There it gives off part of its heat and is conducted back through line 6 to the top of the boiler.

Claims (3)

1. Central heating system for heating and / or domestic water with a liquid as a heat transfer medium such. B. water, especially for residential and commercial houses, which are heated with oil or gas, and with a liquid circulation pump ( 3 ) for transporting the heat transfer medium, characterized in that the heated liquid transport medium (z. B. hot water) by means of the circulation pump ( 3 ) removed at the bottom of the boiler ( 1 ) and passed to the heating elements ( 5 ), while the cooled medium, which flows back from the radiators ( 5 ), is returned to the boiler ( 1 ) at the top. 2. Central heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heated heating water removed from the bottom of the boiler ( 1 ) is fed to a radiator ( 5 ) from below and the return line at the top of the radiator ( 5 ) is removed. 3. Central heating system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that when starting the heating located at room temperature, the circulation pump ( 3 ) is switched on later by a delay relay or a thermostat switch.