DE412671C - Process for refining mineral oils, original tars and the like like - Google Patents
Process for refining mineral oils, original tars and the like likeInfo
- Publication number
- DE412671C DE412671C DEH95357D DEH0095357D DE412671C DE 412671 C DE412671 C DE 412671C DE H95357 D DEH95357 D DE H95357D DE H0095357 D DEH0095357 D DE H0095357D DE 412671 C DE412671 C DE 412671C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- tars
- sodium
- mineral oils
- original
- oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G19/00—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42B—PERMANENTLY ATTACHING TOGETHER SHEETS, QUIRES OR SIGNATURES OR PERMANENTLY ATTACHING OBJECTS THERETO
- B42B5/00—Permanently attaching together sheets, quires or signatures otherwise than by stitching
- B42B5/04—Permanently attaching together sheets, quires or signatures otherwise than by stitching by laces or ribbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C9/00—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons
- C07C9/14—Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons with five to fifteen carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Raffination von Mineralölen, Urteeren u. dgl. In der Patentschrift 374928 wird ein Verfahren beschrieben zur Raffination von Mineralölen, Urteeren u.d91. durch Erhitzen der öle mit Natrium; ferner wird in der Patentschrift 299691 eine Reinigung von Teerölen als Mineralölersatz patentiert, die darauf beruht, daß Teeröle (Steinkohlenteeröle, Braunkohlenteeröle, H#olzt.eer u. dgl.) als Rohöl oder in Form ihrer Destillate, gegebenenfalls unter Wasserstoffdruck, mit mehr oder weniger fein verteilten oder leicht schmelzbaren Metallen, Metallegierungen usw. behandelt, und im Anschluß an diese Vorbehandlung nach Belieben einer katalytischen Hydrierung unterworfen werden. Bei diesem Patent dienen also als Ausgangsmaterial Teeröl.e, darunter sind, wie aus der Literatur, vor allem den Arbeiten von F r a n z F i s c h e r »Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Kenntnis der Kohle (Band; I bis III)«# S c h e i t h a u e r »Die Sch-#velteere«, H o 1 d e »Die Untersuchungen der Kohlenwasserstofföle und -fette« hervorgeht, die bei hoher Temperatur aus Steinkohleoder Braunkohle erhaltenen, mehr oder weniger aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltenden Destillate zu verstehen. Das Patent 299691 arbeitet auch mit Wasserstoff unter Druck, um eine möglichst weitgehende Hydrierung zu erzielen. Aus der Patentschrift geht auch hervor, wie diese Natriumbehandlung im wesentlichen gedacht ist, daß man nämlich die Teeröle mit Natrium, Eisen, Nickel erwärmt, und über diesen Metallen abdestilliert, oder indem man die Dämpfe in die erhitzten genannten Stoffe leitet.Process for the refining of mineral oils, ancient tars and the like. by heating the oils with sodium; Furthermore, in patent specification 299691 a cleaning of tar oils is patented as a mineral oil substitute, which is based on the fact that tar oils (coal tar oils, lignite tar oils, wood tar and the like) as crude oil or in the form of their distillates, possibly under hydrogen pressure, with more or treated less finely divided or easily fusible metals, metal alloys, etc., and then subjected to this pretreatment at will to a catalytic hydrogenation. In this patent thus serve as starting material Teeröl.e, including, as in the literature, especially the works of F ra nce F ischer "Collected Essays on the knowledge of the coal (band; I to III)« # S cheithauer "The Sch - # velteere «, H o 1 d e» The investigations of hydrocarbon oils and fats «emerges to understand the more or less aromatic hydrocarbons containing distillates obtained at high temperature from hard coal or lignite. Patent 299691 also works with hydrogen under pressure in order to achieve the greatest possible hydrogenation. The patent also shows how this sodium treatment is essentially intended, namely that the tar oils are heated with sodium, iron, nickel, and distilled off over these metals, or by passing the vapors into the heated substances mentioned.
Demgegenüber beruht das neue Verfahren darauf, daß man Destillate von Mineralölen und Urteeren, also bei niedriger Temperatur erhaltenie Produkte, die frei von aromatischen Kohlünwasserstoffen sind, mit Alkalimetallen erhitzt unter Einleiten von indifferenten Gasen, wie Wasserstoff, Leuchtgas, Erdgas, Stickstoff, aber ohne Druckerhöhung, oder daß man auf andere Weise den Zutritt von Luftsauerstoff während der Erhitzung mit Natrium verhindert. Bei dem neuen Verfahren ist es also nicht auf weitgehendste Hydrierung, sondern hauptsächlich auf Abschluß von Luftsauerst#off abgesehen, da dieser bei Temperaturen von 2ooo in vielen Fällen schädlich wirkt. Der Erfolg zeigt sich besonders auch bei Braunkohlenurteeren, da diese nach der Natriumbühandlung nun nicht mehr, wie bei dem Verfahren des Hauptpatents, eine Emulsion bilden, sondern - besonders bei einer Nachbehandlung mit Luft bei gewöhnlicher oder etwas erhöhter Temperatur - ein filtrierfähiges Produkt al#geben.In contrast, the new process is based on the fact that distillates of mineral oils and primal tars, i.e. products obtained at low temperature that are free from aromatic hydrocarbons, are heated with alkali metals while introducing inert gases such as hydrogen, luminous gas, natural gas, nitrogen, but without increasing the pressure , or that the entry of atmospheric oxygen during the heating with sodium is prevented in some other way. The aim of the new process is therefore not the most extensive hydrogenation, but mainly the closure of atmospheric oxygen, since this is harmful in many cases at temperatures of 2,000. The success is particularly evident in the case of lignite tars, since after sodium treatment they no longer form an emulsion, as in the process of the main patent, but - especially when post-treated with air at normal or slightly higher temperatures - give a filterable product .
An Stelle von Natrium kann man auch Natriumamalgam, Natriumalkoholat und andere lockere Natriumverbindungen anwenden. Als Nachbehandlung können noch andere bekannte Verfahren dienen.', Zur Ersparnis von Natrium kann man auch vor der Natriumbehandlung die phenolartige'n' Stoffe durch Ausschütteln mit Natronlauge entfernen.Instead of sodium one can also use sodium amalgam, sodium alcoholate and other loose sodium compounds. As a follow-up treatment Other known processes can also be used. '' To save sodium, one can Also before the sodium treatment, the phenol-like substances by shaking them out with Remove caustic soda.
Beispiel i.Example i.
In einem eisernen Kessel werden i kg Braunkohlenurteerdestillat unter Einleiten von Wasserstoff auf 22o0 erhitzt, es #entweicht Schwefelwasserstoff. Nach kurzem gibt man So g Natrium zu -, worauf die Entwicklung von Schwefelwasserstoff sich verstärkt und hält 3 Stunden bei der Temperatur 2oo bis 23o' unter Wasserstoffeinleiten. Nach Abkühlen des Öles auf 5o' leitet man 1/2 Stunde Luft ein nach Entfernung des überschüssigen Natriums und filtriert das erkaltete öl. In an iron kettle, 1 kg of lignite tar distillate is heated to 220 ° while passing in hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide escapes. After a short time, so g of sodium are added - whereupon the evolution of hydrogen sulphide intensifies and is maintained for 3 hours at the temperature of 200 to 23o 'while passing in hydrogen. After the oil has cooled to 50 ', air is passed in for 1/2 hour after the excess sodium has been removed and the cooled oil is filtered.
Beispiel 2. Steinkohl#enurteerdestillat wird mit der doppelten Menge Natrium vom Beispiel i, im übrigen wie in diesem erwärmt, dann das überschüssige Natrium entfernt und das Öl durch Wasser von den lö3lichen Natriumverbindungen abgeschieden. Die Ausbeute an alkaliunlöslichen Ölen ist hierbei bedeutend höher als nach dem Verfahren des Hauptpatents 374928. Example 2. Coal tar distillate is heated with twice the amount of sodium from example i, otherwise as in this, then the excess sodium is removed and the oil is separated from the soluble sodium compounds by water. The yield of alkali-insoluble oils is here significantly higher than in the process of main patent 374928.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH95357D DE412671C (en) | 1923-11-28 | 1923-11-28 | Process for refining mineral oils, original tars and the like like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH95357D DE412671C (en) | 1923-11-28 | 1923-11-28 | Process for refining mineral oils, original tars and the like like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE412671C true DE412671C (en) | 1925-04-23 |
Family
ID=7167260
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEH95357D Expired DE412671C (en) | 1923-11-28 | 1923-11-28 | Process for refining mineral oils, original tars and the like like |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE412671C (en) |
-
1923
- 1923-11-28 DE DEH95357D patent/DE412671C/en not_active Expired
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