DE4106232A1 - DAMPING MEDIUM - Google Patents

DAMPING MEDIUM

Info

Publication number
DE4106232A1
DE4106232A1 DE4106232A DE4106232A DE4106232A1 DE 4106232 A1 DE4106232 A1 DE 4106232A1 DE 4106232 A DE4106232 A DE 4106232A DE 4106232 A DE4106232 A DE 4106232A DE 4106232 A1 DE4106232 A1 DE 4106232A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oil
damping medium
natural
medium according
biodegradable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE4106232A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Willi Dipl Ing Ressel
Hans-Rainer Dipl Ing Speckamp
Lothar Dipl Ing Ginzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dorma Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority to DE4106232A priority Critical patent/DE4106232A1/en
Priority to PCT/DE1992/000140 priority patent/WO1992015657A1/en
Publication of DE4106232A1 publication Critical patent/DE4106232A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M105/14—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms polyhydroxy
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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    • C10M159/02—Natural products
    • C10M159/06—Waxes, e.g. ozocerite, ceresine, petrolatum, slack-wax
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/006—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium characterised by the nature of the damping medium, e.g. biodegradable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
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    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a damping fluid for use preferably in hydraulic door-closing and vibration-damping devices. The fluid is biodegradable and hence not harmful to the environment.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Dämpfungsmedium wie es haupt­ sächlich in Türschließern bzw. Schwingungsdämpfern für Fahrzeuge verwendet wird. In beiden Fällen ist in einem geschlossenen Gehäuse ein Dämpfungsmedium vorhanden, wel­ ches zum einem die Schließgeschwindigkeit der Tür beein­ flußt und zum anderen die durch die Unebenheit der Straße hervorgerufenen Schwingungen abbaut und somit die darüber befindliche Karosserie nahezu in einer Ruhestellung hält. Dabei setzt sich die Dämpfungseinrichtung vorwiegend aus einer Kolben-Zylindereinheit mit überstrom- und Bypass- Kanälen zusammen. Innerhalb des Zylinders befindet sich ein Dämpfungsmedium, welches heute vorwiegend aus einem Öl besteht. An das Öl werden heute ganz besondere Anforderun­ gen gestellt. Es darf z. B. keine Korrosion an den umgeben­ den Materialien auftreten und es muß das Öl in einem sehr großen Temperaturbereich von ca. -40°C bis +60°C seine Viskosität beibehalten.The invention relates to a damping medium as ever mainly in door closers or vibration dampers for Vehicles is used. In both cases is in one closed housing a damping medium available, wel ches affect the closing speed of the door flows on the other hand through the unevenness of the road caused vibrations and thus the above body located almost in a rest position. The damping device is mainly exposed a piston-cylinder unit with overcurrent and bypass Channels together. Is inside the cylinder a damping medium, which today mainly consists of an oil consists. There are very special requirements for oil today opposed. It may, for. B. no corrosion on the surrounding the materials occur and it has to be the oil in a very wide temperature range from approx. -40 ° C to + 60 ° C Maintain viscosity.

Um den Forderungen gerecht zu werden, werden heute Mine­ ralöle eingesetzt bzw. synthetische Öle. Diese Öle sind in der Handhabung und für den Betrieb eines Türschließers bzw. Schwingungsdämpfers ohne größere Probleme zu handha­ ben. Jedoch stellen diese Öle eine Gefahr für die Umwelt dar, und zwar in dem Augenblick, wo der Türschließer bzw. der Schwingungsdämpfer nicht mehr gebraucht wird und ent­ sorgt werden muß. Das innerhalb des Türschließers bzw. Schwingungsdämpfers befindliche Öl wird nicht biologisch abgebaut und es kann dadurch z. B. eine Verseuchung oder Verunreinigung des Trinkwassers hervorgerufen werden. To meet the demands, mine today ralöle used or synthetic oils. These oils are in handling and for the operation of a door closer or vibration damper to handle without major problems ben. However, these oils pose a threat to the environment at the moment when the door closer or the vibration damper is no longer needed and ent must be taken care of. That inside the door closer or Oil in the vibration damper is not biological degraded and it can z. B. contamination or Pollution of the drinking water can be caused.  

In der Fachzeitschrift "Die Bauwirtschaft" Heft 34, aus dem Jahre 1958 auf der Seite 758 ist ein Türschließer be­ schrieben, der mit einer chemischen Substanz gefüllt ist.In the trade magazine "Die Bauwirtschaft" Issue 34, from 1958 on page 758 is a door closer wrote that is filled with a chemical substance.

Die japanische Patentschrift 1-51 488 A beschreibt Glykole, welche als Dämpfungsmedium verwendet werden. Ferner werden in dem Buch von Dieter Klarmann, "Schmierstoffe und ver­ wandte Produkte" aus dem Jahre 1982 auf den Seiten 50 bis 52 synthetische Schmierstoffe beschrieben.Japanese patent specification 1-51 488 A describes glycols, which are used as damping medium. Furthermore in the book by Dieter Klarmann, "Lubricants and ver applied products "from 1982 on pages 50 to 52 synthetic lubricants described.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Dämpfungsmedium zu finden, welches auf der Basis nativer Öle aufgebaut ist, die nicht toxisch und biologisch abbaubar sind, wobei je­ doch eine bestimmte Viskosität und ein ausreichendes Schmierverhalten vorhanden sein müssen.The object of the invention is to provide a damping medium find which is based on native oils, which are non-toxic and biodegradable, whereby each but a certain viscosity and sufficient Lubrication behavior must be present.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß als Dämpfungsmedium natürlich biologisch abbaubare Öle verwen­ det werden. Diese Öle können auch mit mehrwertigen Alkoho­ len (=Glykolen) und/oder Glykoläthern sowie Polyglykolen und Polyglykoläthern vermischt werden, um die physikali­ schen Daten des Dämpfungsmediums zu beeinflussen. Diese Beeinflussungen liegen insbesondere in der Veränderung des Erstarrungspunktes, der Viskosität, der Dichte, des Siede­ punktes und der Schmierwirkung. Die durch die Modifizie­ rung der natürlichen Öle entstehenden Esteröle können ebenso mit Erfolg eingesetzt werden. Diese Esteröle ent­ stehen dadurch, daß z. B. eine natürliche Fettsäure mit einem ein- oder mehrwertigen Alkohol unter Druck, Hitze und/oder Zusatz von Katalysatoren die chemische Vereste­ rungsreaktion eingeht. Dabei sind alle organischen Sub­ stanzen, die aus den Hauptelementen Kohlenstoff, Wasser­ stoff, Sauerstoff und Stickstoff gebildet werden, grund­ sätzlich biologisch abbaubar. Dieser Abbau von organischen Substanzen erfolgt in der Regel durch Zersetzung mit Mi­ kroorganismen. Diese Mikroorganismen sind in der Regel Bakterien, Hefen, Pilze und Einzeller aller Art. Jedoch ist die Abbaubarkeit aller Stoffe in der Regel in einem hohen Maße von äußeren Faktoren abhängig. Diese Faktoren sind insbesondere Zeitdauer des Abbaus, Voraussetzung für das Leben von Mikroorganismen und klimatische Vorausset­ zungen.The object is achieved in that as Damping medium, of course, use biodegradable oils be det. These oils can also be used with polyhydric alcohol len (= glycols) and / or glycol ethers as well as polyglycols and polyglycol ethers are mixed to give the physi to influence the data of the damping medium. These Influences lie in particular in the change of Freezing point, viscosity, density, boiling point point and the lubricating effect. The by the modification ester oils that are produced from natural oils can also be used with success. These ester oils ent stand in that z. B. with a natural fatty acid a mono- or polyhydric alcohol under pressure, heat and / or addition of catalysts to chemical residues reaction. All organic sub punch out the main elements carbon, water substance, oxygen and nitrogen are formed, reason additionally biodegradable. This breakdown of organic Substances usually take place through decomposition with Mi microorganisms. These microorganisms are usually  Bacteria, yeasts, fungi and all types of single cells. However is the degradability of all substances usually in one highly dependent on external factors. These factors the duration of the dismantling is a prerequisite for the life of microorganisms and climatic requirement tongues.

Von besonderer Wichtigkeit ist, daß das verwendete natür­ liche Öl ein entsprechendes Oxidationsverhalten hat, d. h. es muß entweder ein nicht trocknendes bzw. schwach trock­ nendes natürliches Öl sein. Dieses ist deshalb wichtig, damit das Öl nicht nach einer gewissen Gebrauchszeit an­ fängt zu verharzen. Nimmt man z. B. Rapsöl, welches von Na­ tur aus halbtrocknend ist, so muß es durch eine bestimmte Raffination oder Behandlung mit einem Katalysator und Druck und Erhitzung so behandelt werden, daß es ein nicht trocknendes Verhalten bekommt. Diese Behandlung muß evtl. auch mit anderen natürlichen Ölen durchgeführt werden. Ein weiterer entscheidender Gesichtspunkt ist der Erstar­ rungspunkt. Da die Dämpfungsmedien auch bei Minustempera­ turen eingesetzt werden müssen, ist es wichtig, daß der Erstarrungspunkt des natürlichen Öles nach Möglichkeit weit unter 0°C liegt. Aufgrund dieser beiden Grundvoraus­ setzungen ist das Spektrum der in Frage kommenden natürli­ chen Öle bereits ganz enorm eingeengt worden. Trotzdem gibt es aber natürliche Öle, die diese beiden Vorausset­ zungen erfüllen. Insbesondere sind dieses Sonnenblumenöl, Mandelöl, Rapsöl, Traubenkernöl, Weizenkeimöl, Avocadoöl, Pfirsichkernöl, Klauenöl und ganz besonders Rizinusöl. Um jedoch ein gutes Dämpfungsverhalten des Dämpfungsmediums zu erreichen, ist es auch möglich, diese vorgenannten na­ türlichen Öle zu mischen.It is of particular importance that the natural Liche oil has a corresponding oxidation behavior, d. H. it must either be non-drying or slightly dry natural oil. This is important so that the oil does not turn on after a certain period of use starts to gum up. If you take z. B. rapeseed oil, which from Na is semi-drying, it has to go through a certain Refining or treatment with a catalyst and Pressure and heating are treated so that it is not a gets drying behavior. This treatment may have to can also be done with other natural oils. Another crucial aspect is the star point. Because the damping media even at sub-zero temperatures must be used, it is important that the Freezing point of the natural oil if possible is far below 0 ° C. Because of these two basic requirements Settlement is the spectrum of the natural oils have been reduced enormously. Nevertheless but there are natural oils that require these two meet tongues. In particular, these are sunflower oil, Almond oil, rapeseed oil, grape seed oil, wheat germ oil, avocado oil, Peach kernel oil, claw oil and especially castor oil. Around however, good damping behavior of the damping medium to achieve, it is also possible to achieve the aforementioned na to mix door oils.

Ferner kann das physikalische Verhalten der Öle dadurch geändert werden, daß ihnen in einem gewissen Prozentsatz mehrwertige Alkohole, Glykole oder Glykoläther zugesetzt werden. Hier eignen sich besonders Polypropylenglykol, Po­ lyäthylenglykol mit einer niederen Molekularmasse, Propan­ diol, Butandiol, Polyethylenglykoldimethylether, Butyldi­ glykol und Butylglykol.It can also affect the physical behavior of the oils be changed to them in a certain percentage polyhydric alcohols, glycols or glycol ethers added  will. Polypropylene glycol, Po are particularly suitable here low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, propane diol, butanediol, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, butyldi glycol and butyl glycol.

Da jedoch einige der vorgenannten Substanzen oder auch Ge­ mische aus mehreren Substanzen ein gewisses aggressives Korrosionsverhalten gegenüber den sie umgebenden Materia­ lien haben, ist es in der Regel notwendig, einen Inhibitor hinzuzufügen, der das Korrosionsverhalten vermindert. Als besonders geeignet haben sich hier Phosphate und basische Stickstoffverbindungen herausgestellt. Durch das Mischen der verschiedenen Substanzen, natürliche Öle untereinander oder mit den vorgenannten Alkoholen, Glykolen oder Glykol­ äthern, kann auch die Viskosität des Dämpfungsmediums ein­ gestellt werden. Sollte bei den natürlichen Ölen das Schmierverhalten nicht ausreichend sein, so können auch hier noch natürliche Wachse zugesetzt werden.However, since some of the aforementioned substances or Ge mix a certain aggressive from several substances Corrosion behavior towards the surrounding materia lien, it is usually necessary to have an inhibitor add, which reduces the corrosion behavior. As Phosphates and basic ones are particularly suitable here Highlighted nitrogen compounds. By mixing of different substances, natural oils among themselves or with the aforementioned alcohols, glycols or glycol ether, the viscosity of the damping medium be put. Should that be the case with natural oils Lubrication behavior may not be sufficient, so can natural waxes are added here.

Als ein besonders gutes Dämpfungsmedium hat sich ein Ge­ misch von Butyldiglykol mit einem Prozentsatz bis zu 60% Rizinusöl erwiesen.A Ge has proven to be a particularly good damping medium mix of butyl diglycol with a percentage up to 60% Castor oil proven.

Claims (16)

1. Dämpfungsmedium für hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder- Einheiten, insbesondere Türschließer und Schwin­ gungsdämpfer für Fahrzeuge, wobei der Kolben als Dämpfungskolben arbeitet und gemäß den Bewegungen des Türflügels oder der Radaufbaumasse ein Dämp­ fungsmedium aus einem Druckraum durch einen dros­ selnden Kanal in einen einen geringeren Druck auf­ weisenden Speicherraum fördert, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein natürliches, biolo­ gisch abbaubares Öl ist.1. Damping medium for hydraulic piston-cylinder units, in particular door closers and vibration dampers for vehicles, the piston working as a damping piston and according to the movements of the door leaf or the wheel mass, a damping medium from a pressure chamber through a throttling channel into a lower pressure promotes pointing storage space, characterized in that the damping medium is a natural, biodegradable oil. 2. Dämpfungsmedium nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein nicht trock­ nendes bzw. schwach trocknendes natürliches Öl ist.2. damping medium according to claim 1, characterized records that the damping medium is not a dry natural oil. 3. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Sonnen­ blumenöl, Mandelöl, Rizinusöl, Traubenkernöl, Wei­ zenkeimöl, Avocadoöl, Pfirsichkernöl, Klauenöl oder Rapsöl ist.3. damping medium according to claims 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is a sun flower oil, almond oil, castor oil, grape seed oil, white zenkeimöl, avocado oil, peach kernel oil, claw oil or Rapeseed oil is. 4. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Gemisch aus verschiedenen natürlichen, biologisch abbaubaren Ölen ist.4. damping medium according to claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is a mixture from various natural, biodegradable Oiling is. 5. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem oder mehreren Gly­ kolen ist. 5. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oil (s) and one or more Gly kolen is.   6. Dämpfungsmedium nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem oder mehreren Polyglykolen ist.6. damping medium according to claim 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oil (s) and one or more Is polyglycols. 7. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem oder mehreren mehrwertigen Alkoholen ist.7. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oil (s) and one or more polyhydric alcohols. 8. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Ölen und einem oder mehreren Polyethylenglykolen mit niederer Molekularmasse ist.8. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oils and one or more Is low molecular weight polyethylene glycols. 9. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem oder mehreren Propandiolen ist.9. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oil (s) and one or more Propanediols. 10. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem Butandiol ist.10. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo is biodegradable oil (s) and a butanediol. 11. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem Polyethylenglykol­ dimethyläther ist. 11. Damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo biodegradable oil (s) and a polyethylene glycol is dimethyl ether.   12. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dämpfungsmedium ein Öl oder Esteröl aus einem oder mehreren natürlich, biolo­ gisch abbaubaren Öl(en) und einem Butyldiglykol ist.12. damping medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the damping medium is an oil or Ester oil from one or more natural, biolo is biodegradable oil (s) and a butyl diglycol. 13. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 12, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß Inhibitoren zugesetzt werden.13. damping medium according to claims 1 to 12, there characterized in that inhibitors are added will. 14. Dämpfungsmedium nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß natürliche Wachse zugesetzt werden.14. damping medium according to claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that natural waxes are added will. 15. Dämpfungsmedium nach einem der vorhergehenden An­ sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Phosphate zuge­ setzt werden.15. Damping medium according to one of the preceding An sayings, characterized in that phosphates added be set. 16. Dämpfungsmedium nach einem der vorhergehenden An­ sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß basische Stick­ stoffverbindungen zugesetzt werden.16. Damping medium according to one of the preceding An sayings, characterized in that basic stick compounds are added.
DE4106232A 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 DAMPING MEDIUM Ceased DE4106232A1 (en)

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