DE4040316C2 - Process for the microbial growth-inhibiting treatment of surfaces of technical objects and hollow bodies for the limitation of liquid or gaseous media - Google Patents
Process for the microbial growth-inhibiting treatment of surfaces of technical objects and hollow bodies for the limitation of liquid or gaseous mediaInfo
- Publication number
- DE4040316C2 DE4040316C2 DE4040316A DE4040316A DE4040316C2 DE 4040316 C2 DE4040316 C2 DE 4040316C2 DE 4040316 A DE4040316 A DE 4040316A DE 4040316 A DE4040316 A DE 4040316A DE 4040316 C2 DE4040316 C2 DE 4040316C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- limitation
- gaseous
- fluorinated
- microbial growth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5018—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with fluorine compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/67—Biocides
- C04B2103/69—Fungicides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur keimwachs tumshemmenden Behandlung von Oberflächen von technischen Gegenständen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie auf einen Hohlkörper gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 3.The invention relates to a method for germ wax anti-tumble treatment of surfaces of technical Objects according to the preamble of claim 1 as well on a hollow body according to the preamble of claim 3.
Um das Wachstum von Bakterien, Sporen und Pilzen einzudämmen bzw. vollständig zu verhindern, ist es bekannt, von Befall bedrohte Bereiche technischer Oberflächen mit bakterizi den bzw. fungiziden Anstrichstoffen zu beschichten. Derar tige antimikrobielle Beschichtungen sind mit erheblichem Aufwand verbunden und nur für frei zugängliche Oberflächen geeignet, da sie von Zeit zu Zeit erneuert oder bei mecha nischen Beschädigungen ausgebessert werden müssen. Mit Hilfe der in den Anstrichstoffen befindlichen bakterizid oder fungizid wirkenden Bestandteile wird das Keimwachstum an der entsprechenden Oberfläche gehemmt, um den darunter liegenden Körper zu schützen.To curb the growth of bacteria, spores and fungi or to prevent it completely, it is known to be infested endangered areas of technical surfaces with bacterici to coat the or fungicidal paints. Derar term antimicrobial coatings are significant Effort connected and only for freely accessible surfaces suitable as it is renewed from time to time or at mecha niche damage must be repaired. With Help of the bactericide contained in the paints or fungicidal components, the germ growth inhibited on the corresponding surface, around the one below to protect lying bodies.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur keimwachstumshemmenden Behandlung von Oberflächen von technischen Gegenständen zu schaffen, das zur Anwendung an schwer oder im Betrieb nicht mehr zugänglichen Ober flächen, insbesondere solchen von Hohlkörpern, geeignet ist und mit wenig Aufwand das Keimwachstum in mit den be handelten Oberflächen in Berührung gelangenden flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Medien einschränkt. Ferner liegt ihr die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hohlkörper derart auszugestal ten, daß seine mit strömenden oder ruhenden flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Medien in Berührung gelangenden Ober flächen eine wachstumshemmende Wirkung auf in den Medien enthaltene Keime ausüben.The invention has for its object a method for the anti-germ growth treatment of surfaces of to create technical objects that apply on waiters that are difficult to access or in operation Surfaces, especially those of hollow bodies, are suitable is and with little effort the germ growth in with the be acted surfaces in contact with liquid and / or gaseous media. Furthermore, you lie the task of designing a hollow body in this way that its with flowing or still liquid and / or gaseous media coming into contact areas have a growth-inhibiting effect on the media exercise contained germs.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie einen Hohlkörper gemäß Anspruch 3. Hinsichtlich wesentlicher weiterer Ausgestaltungen wird auf die Ansprüche 2 und 4 verwiesen.The invention solves this problem by a method according to Claim 1 and a hollow body according to claim 3. With regard to essential further configurations referred to claims 2 and 4.
Die Erfindung schafft auf besonders einfache und effektive Weise die Möglichkeit zur Hemmung von Keimwachstum in fließenden oder ruhenden flüssigen oder gasförmigen Medien, die mit technischen Oberflächen in Berührung stehen, wie das insbesondere bei Hohlkörpern, z. B. Behältern oder Rohr leitungen bzw. Kanälen sowie Armaturen, der Fall ist. Über raschenderweise wird durch eine Fluorierung der Oberfläche derartiger Bauteile das Wachstum insbesondere von Legionel len gehemmt, was für Heizungs- und/oder Lüftungsanlagen von erheblicher Bedeutung ist, deren Kanäle bzw. Leitungen in steigendem Umfange aus verschiedensten Werkstoffen be stehende Begrenzungsflächen für die Wärmeträger- bzw. Belüf tungsmedien darbieten. Eine Fluorierung, deren Durchführung mit einfachen Mitteln möglich ist, erbringt eine signifikante Wachstumshemmung, wie sie in Fällen, in denen das Medium, z. B. durch seine Temperatur, einem starken Keimwachstum Vorschub leistet, besonders erwünscht ist.The invention creates particularly simple and effective Way in inhibiting germ growth in flowing or stationary liquid or gaseous media, that are in contact with technical surfaces, such as that particularly in the case of hollow bodies, e.g. B. containers or pipe lines or ducts and fittings, the case is. About Surprisingly, fluorination of the surface such components, the growth of Legionel in particular len inhibited what for heating and / or ventilation systems is of considerable importance, their channels or lines increasingly in various materials standing boundary surfaces for the heat transfer or ventilation present media. A fluorination, the Implementation is possible with simple means significant inhibition of growth, such as in cases in which the medium, e.g. B. by its temperature, one strong germ growth, particularly desirable is.
Ganz besonders sind fluorierte Kunststoffoberflächen, vor allem solche aus vernetztem Polyäthylen, für Trink- und Brauchwasserversorgungen, Heizungs- und Kühlanlagen etc., geeignet, Gefahren aus Keimwachstum für Benutzer erheb lich zu reduzieren.Fluorinated plastic surfaces are very special all those made of cross-linked polyethylene, for drinking and Process water supplies, heating and cooling systems etc., suitable to raise dangers from germ growth for users to reduce.
Gerade in Warmwasser-Versorgungssystemen mit längeren Inter vallen der Wasserentnahme, wie das in häufig weitverzweigten Netzen in Hotels, Heimen, Wohnkomplexen etc. der Fall sein kann, ist beispielsweise die Gefahr des Legionellen- Wachstums bei ruhendem Medium in Zweigleitungen bei entspre chenden Warmwassertemperaturen besonders hoch. Mit dem Einsatz von innenseitig fluorierten Rohren kann in solchen Leitungsnetzen das Legionellenwachstum auch in ruhendem Warmwasser gehemmt werden, wie Versuche ergeben haben, ohne daß damit eine sonstige Beeinträchtigung der Wasser qualität einhergeht. Dies gilt auch für Medien, die Klima anlagen durchströmen, da die keimwachstumshemmende Wirkung auch in gasförmigen Medien feststellbar ist.Especially in hot water supply systems with longer inter vallen of water withdrawal, as in the often widely ramified Networks in hotels, homes, residential complexes, etc. is, for example, the risk of legionella Growth with stationary medium in branch lines at corre spond hot water temperatures are particularly high. With the Use of inside fluorinated tubes can be used in such Line networks the Legionella growth even in dormant Hot water is inhibited, as tests have shown without any other impairment of the water quality goes hand in hand. This also applies to media, the climate flow through plants, as the germ growth inhibiting effect is also detectable in gaseous media.
Das Fluorieren von Kunststoff oberflächen von Gegenständen wie Leitungen und Behältern ist an sich bekannt, jedoch dient das bekannte Fluorieren zur Erhöhung der Diffusionsdichtigkeit (EP-A-02 67 441, DE-C-24 01 948, DE-A-35 29 870) bzw. des Randschichtwiderstandes (DE-C-26 44 508) oder der chemischen Beständigkeit (DE-A-38 21 015).The fluorination of plastic surfaces of objects such as pipes and containers is known per se, but that serves known fluorinating to increase the diffusion tightness (EP-A-02 67 441, DE-C-24 01 948, DE-A-35 29 870) or the Boundary layer resistance (DE-C-26 44 508) or the chemical Resistance (DE-A-38 21 015).
Bekannt ist auch die bakterizide bzw. fungizide Wirkung in chemischen Halogenverbindungen (DE-A-14 19 962, DE-A 27 56 031, DE-37 06 376), jedoch nur zu Konservierungs- bzw. Schutzzwecken, insbesondere von Holzkörpern, durch Zusatz in Außenbeschichtungen.The bactericidal or fungicidal action is also known in chemical halogen compounds (DE-A-14 19 962, DE-A 27 56 031, DE-37 06 376), but only for preservation purposes or protective purposes, especially of wooden bodies Additive in exterior coatings.
Schließlich ist ein Verfahren zur Beseitigung von Bakterien, Pilzen, Viren usw. in Kühltürmen bekannt (DE-OS 36 23 594), bei dem Rauchgas aus dem fossilen Verbrennungsbereich den Kühlturmabgasen in bestimmten vorgegebenen Dosierungen als Rohgas oder, wechselwirkend dosiert, in SO₂ und/oder NOx-Belastungen zugeführt wird, um die Erreger abzutöten.Finally, a method for eliminating bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc. in cooling towers is known (DE-OS 36 23 594), in which flue gas from the fossil combustion area, the cooling tower exhaust gases in certain predetermined dosages as raw gas or, interactively, in SO₂ and / or NO x pollution is supplied to kill the pathogen.
Bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Halogenisierung der Begrenzungsflächen werden diese einem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Behandlungsmittel ausgesetzt, das beispielsweise 20 bis 30% Fluor enthält. Der Anteil an Fluor im Behand lungsmittel wird vom Material der Begrenzungsfläche des zu behandelnden Bauteils bestimmt, wobei für Oberflächen aus Kautschuk oder Gummi ähnlich niedrige Anteile wie bei Kunststoffen genügen, während höhere Anteile bei metal lischen und keramischen Werkstoffen erforderlich sind. Die Dauer der Einwirkung des Halogens auf die Oberfläche kann über eine erhöhte Temperatur des Behandlungsmittels verkürzt werden, wobei Erhöhungen auf 90 bis 140°C in Abhän gigkeit vom Material eine vorteilhafte Reduzierung der Behandlungszeit bewirken, insbesonders dann, wenn das Be handlungsverfahren mit einem Druck von 2,5 bis 6 bar auf das Behandlungsmittel realisiert wird.When performing the halogenation process of the boundary surfaces they become a liquid or exposed to gaseous treatment agents, for example Contains 20 to 30% fluorine. The proportion of fluorine in the treatment is from the material of the boundary surface of the component to be treated, whereby for surfaces made of rubber or rubber similar low proportions as in Plastics are sufficient, while higher shares in metal mical and ceramic materials are required. The duration of exposure of the halogen to the surface can about an elevated temperature of the treatment agent can be shortened, increasing to 90 to 140 ° C depending the material an advantageous reduction of the Effect treatment time, especially if the Be process with a pressure of 2.5 to 6 bar the treatment agent is realized.
Die Durchführung der erfindungsgemäßen Behandlung an keim wachstumsgefährdeten Bauteilbegrenzungsflächen ist nicht nur wirkungsvoll, wenn beispielsweise Rohre, Leitungen, keramisches Zubehör o. dgl. sanitäre Bauteile vor ihrem Einbau halogeniert werden, sondern auch dann, wenn Bauteile bereits in Gebrauch sind. Dann ist eine nachträgliche Be handlung der Begrenzungsflächen ebenfalls durchführbar, wozu die Begrenzungsfläche vorher einer gründlichen Säube rung, z. B. einem Entkalkungs- und Entrostungsvorgang, zu unterziehen ist.Carrying out the treatment according to the invention on germ growth-prone component boundary surfaces is not only effective if, for example, pipes, lines, Ceramic accessories or the like. Sanitary components in front of your Installation halogenated, but also when components are already in use. Then there is a subsequent Be action of the boundary surfaces also feasible, why the boundary surface beforehand a thorough cleaning tion, e.g. B. a descaling and rust removal process undergo.
Bei einem Vorliegen unterschiedlicher Materialien an gleich zeitig zu behandelnden Begrenzungsflächen wird eine zuver lässige keimwachstumshemmende Behandlung erreicht, wenn die Behandlungsparameter auf das reaktionsträgste Material abgestimmt werden.If there are different materials on the same boundary surfaces to be treated in time will be a ver casual antimicrobial treatment achieved when the treatment parameters for the least reactive material be coordinated.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4040316A DE4040316C2 (en) | 1990-09-08 | 1990-12-17 | Process for the microbial growth-inhibiting treatment of surfaces of technical objects and hollow bodies for the limitation of liquid or gaseous media |
EP91121322A EP0491279A1 (en) | 1990-12-17 | 1991-12-12 | Process for the treatment of surfaces of technical elements and hollow bodies designed for the containment of liquid or gaseous media, for reducing microbial growth on said surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4028631 | 1990-09-08 | ||
DE4040316A DE4040316C2 (en) | 1990-09-08 | 1990-12-17 | Process for the microbial growth-inhibiting treatment of surfaces of technical objects and hollow bodies for the limitation of liquid or gaseous media |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4040316A1 DE4040316A1 (en) | 1992-03-12 |
DE4040316C2 true DE4040316C2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=6413925
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4040316A Expired - Fee Related DE4040316C2 (en) | 1990-09-08 | 1990-12-17 | Process for the microbial growth-inhibiting treatment of surfaces of technical objects and hollow bodies for the limitation of liquid or gaseous media |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE4040316C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102011009468A1 (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Innovent E.V. | Use of polymer surfaces functionalized by fluorination or oxyfluorination in the presence of water for generating an antimicrobial effect |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1419962A1 (en) * | 1958-09-25 | 1969-06-04 | Solvay Werke Gmbh | Film-forming wood-protecting paints and impregnating agents on a dispersion basis |
US3862284A (en) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-01-21 | Air Prod & Chem | Process for producing blow molded thermoplastic articles having improved barrier properties |
US3998180A (en) * | 1975-04-07 | 1976-12-21 | Union Carbide Corporation | Vapor deposition apparatus including fluid transfer means |
DE2756031A1 (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1979-06-28 | Bayer Ag | 1-HALOGEN-1-PROPIN-3-OLE, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THEIR USE AS FUNGICIDES |
DE3523594A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-03-12 | Hoelter Heinz | Process and apparatus for preventing bacteria and fungi in the region of cooling towers, in particular for preventing the legionnaires' disease - Legionella |
DE3529870A1 (en) * | 1985-08-21 | 1987-02-26 | Basf Ag | METHOD FOR REDUCING THE PERMEATION OF BLOW-MOLDED HOLLOW BODIES MADE OF THERMOPLASTIC PLASTICS |
DE3637459A1 (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-19 | Hewing Gmbh & Co | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PLASTIC PROFILES WITH A FLUORED LAYER |
DE3706376A1 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-09-08 | Desowag Materialschutz Gmbh | Process for the preservation of wood and derived timber materials |
DE3821015A1 (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1989-12-28 | Phoenix Ag | Hose |
DE3832417A1 (en) * | 1988-09-23 | 1990-03-29 | Espe Stiftung | METHOD FOR TREATING PINE PRINTS AND AQUEOUS AQUEOUS DISINFECTANT SOLUTIONS FOR THIS |
-
1990
- 1990-12-17 DE DE4040316A patent/DE4040316C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE4040316A1 (en) | 1992-03-12 |
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