DE3939935A1 - Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding - Google Patents

Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding

Info

Publication number
DE3939935A1
DE3939935A1 DE19893939935 DE3939935A DE3939935A1 DE 3939935 A1 DE3939935 A1 DE 3939935A1 DE 19893939935 DE19893939935 DE 19893939935 DE 3939935 A DE3939935 A DE 3939935A DE 3939935 A1 DE3939935 A1 DE 3939935A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
recesses
machining
hardening
crank
side face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19893939935
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3939935C2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl Ing Deschler
Hans Dipl Ing Gebhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority to DE19893939935 priority Critical patent/DE3939935A1/en
Publication of DE3939935A1 publication Critical patent/DE3939935A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3939935C2 publication Critical patent/DE3939935C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/06Milling crankshafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/18Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P13/00Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P2700/00Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
    • B23P2700/07Crankshafts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Producing a crank shaft consists of forging the shaft and then machining the recesses (4), the moving surface (5) and the side faces (3) simultaneously with a tool (6). The radius of the recesses is very small and after machining of the recesses and side faces to their finished dimensions, the surface (5) is finish ground immediately after the surface hardening process. ADVANTAGE - The cost of prodn. is reduced without harming the durability of the crank shaft.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kurbelwelle gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentan­ spruches 1.The invention relates to a method of manufacture a crankshaft according to the generic term of the patent saying 1.

Die Herstellung einer Kurbelwelle geht im allgemeinen von einen Schmiederohling aus, der einer Vergütung mit nach­ folgender spanabhebender Bearbeitung unterzogen wird.The production of a crankshaft generally starts from a forged blank, which after a remuneration with is subjected to the following machining.

Nach MTZ, Heft 44 (1983) 3 ist es bekannt, den Kurbelzapfen an seinen Enden mit radialen Eindrehungen zu versehen. Eine radiale Lauffläche des Kurbelzapfens ist mit einer Material­ zugabe für die abschließende Oberflächenbearbeitung versehen, die in einem Walzen mit anschließendem Schleifen besteht. Die Eindrehungen werden zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte und zur Verfestigung durch Rollen gewalzt, die sich durch die Verwendung eines sogenannten Spreizstahles auch in die seit­ lichen Anlaufflächen der Kurbelwangen eindrücken. Ab­ schließend wird die radiale Lauffläche und die seitlichen Anlaufflächen durch Schleifen auf Endmaß bearbeitet. Ein derartiges Bearbeitungsverfahren des Kurbelzapfens hat den Nachteil, daß beim Walzen der Durchmesser der Rollen natür­ lich nicht beliebig klein gewählt werden kann, so daß die tragende Fläche des Kurbelzapfens durch die relativ großen Radien der Eindrehungen nicht unerheblich geschmälert wird. According to MTZ, Issue 44 (1983) 3, it is known the crank pin to be provided with radial recesses at its ends. A radial tread of the crank pin is made of one material allowance for the final surface treatment, which consists of rolling followed by grinding. The Twists are used to improve the surface finish and rolled for solidification by rollers which are formed by the Use of a so-called expansion steel also in the Press in the contact surfaces of the crank webs. From the radial tread and the side closes Contact surfaces machined to final dimensions by grinding. A Such processing method of the crank pin has the Disadvantage that the diameter of the rollers naturally when rolling Lich can not be chosen arbitrarily small, so that the bearing area of the crank pin due to the relatively large Radii of the twists is not insignificantly reduced.  

Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht in der notwendigen Nacharbeit der seitlichen Anlaufflächen, was zu einer Kostensteigerung der Herstellung führt.Another disadvantage is the necessary rework of the lateral contact surfaces, which leads to an increase in costs the manufacturing leads.

Ausgehend vom Herstellungsverfahren gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu­ grunde, den Fertigungsaufwand bei der Herstellung von Kurbel­ wellen zu senken, ohne daß die Dauerfestigkeit Schaden er­ leidet.Based on the manufacturing process according to the generic term of claim 1, the invention is the object reasons, the manufacturing effort in the manufacture of crank lower waves without damaging the fatigue strength suffers.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1.This task is solved by the characteristic features of claim 1.

Durch die auf Fertigmaß gebrachten Eindrehungen bei gleich­ zeitiger Bearbeitung der Anlaufflächen wird eine nachträg­ liche Bearbeitung der Anlaufflächen durch Schleifen über­ flüssig, was durch Einsparung eines Arbeitsganges zu einer Reduzierung der Fertigungskosten führt. Dadurch, daß die Lauf­ flächen des Kurbelzapfens und der Bereich der Eindrehungen induktiv oberflächengehärtet werden ergibt sich trotz der Eindrehung kein Verlust an Dauerfestigkeit, da die Spannung an der Eindrehung durch die Kerbwirkung zwar um den Faktor der Formzahl erhöht wird, von der Erhöhung der zulässigen Spannung als Folge der Härtung jedoch überkompensiert wird.Thanks to the screwed-in dimensions at the same time early processing of the contact areas will be a retrospective processing of the contact surfaces by grinding over liquid, which can be achieved by saving one operation Reduction of manufacturing costs leads. Because the barrel surfaces of the crank pin and the area of the turns are inductively surface hardened despite the Screwing in no loss of fatigue strength because of the tension at the indentation by the notch effect by a factor the number of forms is increased by the increase in the permissible However, tension as a result of the hardening is overcompensated.

Ein weiteres Merkmal der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß das spanabhebende Werkzeug ein Formfräser oder Formdrehstahl ist.Another feature of the invention is characterized by this from that the cutting tool is a form cutter or Forming tool is.

Mit derartigen Werkzeugen wird die Eindrehung des Radius und zugleich die Bearbeitung der Anlaufflächen in axialer Richtung vorgenommen.With such tools, the turning of the radius and at the same time machining the contact surfaces in the axial Direction.

Eine Kröpfung einer Kurbelwelle hergestellt nach dem erfin­ dungsgemäßen Verfahren ist in einer Zeichnung dargestellt.A crankshaft crank made according to the inventions The method according to the invention is shown in a drawing.

Die Kröpfung wird gebildet aus den beiden Kurbelwangen 1, einem Kurbelzapfen 2 und seitlichen Anlaufflächen 3. Bei der Herstellung der Kurbelwelle wird der Kurbelzapfen 2 des Rohlings mit einem spanabhebenden Werkzeug 1 bearbeitet. Dieses Werkzeug kann ein Formdrehstahl oder ein Formfräser sein. Erfindungsgemäß muß das Werkzeug definierte Schneiden aufweisen, welche in einem Arbeitsgang die Eindrehungen 4 und eine Lauffläche 5 herstellen und die seitlichen Anlaufflächen 3 bearbeiten. Während die Eindrehungen 4 und die Anlaufflächen 3 mit dem Werkzeug 6 auf Fertigmaß bearbeitet werden, läßt man auf dem Kurbelzapfen 2 eine Schleifzugabe für die Lauffläche 5. Nach der Bearbeitung mit dem spanabhebenden Werkzeug 6 - bei­ spielsweise ein Formfräser oder Formdrehstahl - erfolgt eine Oberflächenhärtung der Lauffläche 5 und der Eindrehungen 4. Anschließend wird nur noch die Lauffläche 5 geschliffen.The crank is formed from the two crank webs 1 , a crank pin 2 and lateral contact surfaces 3 . In the manufacture of the crankshaft, the crank pin 2 of the blank is machined with a cutting tool 1 . This tool can be a form turning tool or a form cutter. According to the invention, the tool must have defined cutting edges, which produce the indentations 4 and a running surface 5 and machine the lateral thrust surfaces 3 in one operation. While the indentations 4 and the contact surfaces 3 are machined to the finished dimension with the tool 6 , a grinding allowance for the contact surface 5 is left on the crank pin 2 . After machining with the cutting tool 6 - for example a form cutter or form turning tool - the surface of the tread 5 and the indentations 4 is hardened. Then only the tread 5 is ground.

Durch die Oberflächenhärtung wird die durch die Eindrehungen 4 hervorgerufene Spannungserhöhung durch erhöhte Festigkeit über­ kompensiert.Due to the surface hardening, the increase in tension caused by the indentations 4 is compensated for by increased strength.

Durch die Eindrehungen wird die Bearbeitung des Übergangsradius von der Lauffläche 5 zur Anlauffläche 3 überflüssig, so daß besonders bei Reparaturen den Werkstätten die Nacharbeit der Laufflächen 5 wesentlich erleichtert wird. Die Anlaufflächen 3 werden nur noch durch den Formfräser oder den Formdrehstahl bearbeitet, ein Schleifen hat sich als nicht notwendig erwiesen.Due to the screwing in, the machining of the transition radius from the tread 5 to the thrust surface 3 is superfluous, so that the repair of the treads 5 is made considerably easier, particularly for repairs. The contact surfaces 3 are only machined by the form cutter or the turning tool, grinding has not proven to be necessary.

Da die Eindrehungen 4 kleiner sind als die üblicherweise ver­ wendeten Übergangsradien ist die tragende Lauffläche 5 breiter, was sich durch geringere Flächenbelastung der Lauffläche und damit durch geringeren Verschleiß bemerkbar macht.Since the indentations 4 are smaller than the transition radii usually used, the load-bearing tread 5 is wider, which is noticeable by lower surface loading of the tread and thus by less wear.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kurbelwelle, bei der ein Kurbelzapfen nach dem Schmieden und anschließendem Ver­ güten einer spanabhebenden Bearbeitung mit Schleifzugabe auf einer Lauffläche unterzogen wird und die Übergänge vom Kurbelzapfen zu seitlichen Anlaufflächen von Kurbelwangen radiale Eindrehungen aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eindrehungen (4) bei gleichzeitiger Bearbeitung der Lauffläche (5) und der seitlichen Anlaufflächen (3) der Kurbelwangen (1) mittels eines spanabhebenden Werkzeuges (6) mit definierten Schneiden vorgenommen werden, daß der Radius der Eindrehungungen (4) sehr klein gewählt wird, und daß nach der spanabhebenden, auf Fertigmaß gebrachten Bearbeitung der Eindrehungen (4) und der Anlaufflächen (3) eine Oberflächen­ härtung erfolgt und die Lauffläche (5) durch Schleifen auf Endmaß gebracht wird.1.Method for producing a crankshaft, in which a crank pin is subjected to machining with grinding allowance on a tread after forging and subsequent hardening and the transitions from the crank pin to the lateral thrust faces of crank cheeks have radial recesses, characterized in that the recesses ( 4 ) with simultaneous machining of the tread ( 5 ) and the lateral contact surfaces ( 3 ) of the crank webs ( 1 ) by means of a cutting tool ( 6 ) with defined cutting edges, that the radius of the recesses ( 4 ) is chosen to be very small, and that After the machining of the turned parts ( 4 ) and the contact surfaces ( 3 ) is finished, the surface is hardened and the running surface ( 5 ) is brought to its final dimensions by grinding. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spanabhebende Bearbeitung durch einen Formfräser oder einen Formdrehstahl erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that machining by a form cutter or a turning tool is made.
DE19893939935 1989-12-02 1989-12-02 Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding Granted DE3939935A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893939935 DE3939935A1 (en) 1989-12-02 1989-12-02 Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893939935 DE3939935A1 (en) 1989-12-02 1989-12-02 Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3939935A1 true DE3939935A1 (en) 1991-06-06
DE3939935C2 DE3939935C2 (en) 1993-03-18

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DE19893939935 Granted DE3939935A1 (en) 1989-12-02 1989-12-02 Producing crank shafts - by machining simultaneously moving surface, side face, and recesses between surface and faces followed by hardening and final grinding

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DE (1) DE3939935A1 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999017899A1 (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-15 Widia Gmbh Cutter insert, milling tool and use of the milling tool
WO2003062654A1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-31 Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for machining crankpins of a crankshaft
DE10218630A1 (en) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Sandvik Ab Milling cutter with fine adjustment
DE19922046C2 (en) * 1998-05-19 2003-11-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method of forming a crankshaft and method of manufacturing a crankshaft
WO2004014600A1 (en) 2002-08-06 2004-02-19 Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for finishing crankshafts for motor vehicle engines
US7882633B2 (en) * 2004-11-26 2011-02-08 Niles-Simmons Industrieanlagen Gmbh Method for machining shaft bearing seats
US9358605B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-06-07 Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method and production line for machining a crankshaft
CN111531338A (en) * 2020-06-19 2020-08-14 重庆美心翼申机械股份有限公司 Crankshaft machining method
CN111644949A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-09-11 大连理工大学 Polishing device for crankshaft of diesel engine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19739366A1 (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-18 Kennametal Inc Side milling cutters and a suitable insert
DE102010025132B4 (en) 2009-07-14 2022-01-13 Volkswagen Ag Method of manufacturing a crankshaft

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2209945A1 (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-09-13 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CRANKSHAFT AND A CRANKSHAFT MANUFACTURED AFTER THAT
DE2448118A1 (en) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Crankshafts with hardened fillets between web and journals - and pins are roll-hardened after final turning
DE2142324C3 (en) * 1971-08-24 1978-08-17 Prince Machines Ltd., Kingston- Upon-Thames, Surrey (Grossbritannien) Crankshaft grinding machine
DD142858A5 (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-07-16 Gfm Fertigungstechnik METHOD FOR PROCESSING CRANKSHAFTS
DE2913865A1 (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-10-23 Daimler Benz Ag Crankshaft in IC engines, esp. for motor vehicles - where journals and fillets are surface hardened, and then middle zone of journals is tempered to permit inexpensive straightening of shaft
DE2138599C2 (en) * 1971-08-02 1983-02-03 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Process for surface hardening of crankshafts for motor vehicles

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2138599C2 (en) * 1971-08-02 1983-02-03 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Process for surface hardening of crankshafts for motor vehicles
DE2142324C3 (en) * 1971-08-24 1978-08-17 Prince Machines Ltd., Kingston- Upon-Thames, Surrey (Grossbritannien) Crankshaft grinding machine
DE2209945A1 (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-09-13 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CRANKSHAFT AND A CRANKSHAFT MANUFACTURED AFTER THAT
DE2448118A1 (en) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Crankshafts with hardened fillets between web and journals - and pins are roll-hardened after final turning
DD142858A5 (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-07-16 Gfm Fertigungstechnik METHOD FOR PROCESSING CRANKSHAFTS
DE2913865A1 (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-10-23 Daimler Benz Ag Crankshaft in IC engines, esp. for motor vehicles - where journals and fillets are surface hardened, and then middle zone of journals is tempered to permit inexpensive straightening of shaft

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Motortechnische Zeitschrift 44, 1983, Heft 3, S.97-102 *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999017899A1 (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-15 Widia Gmbh Cutter insert, milling tool and use of the milling tool
DE19922046C2 (en) * 1998-05-19 2003-11-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method of forming a crankshaft and method of manufacturing a crankshaft
WO2003062654A1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-31 Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for machining crankpins of a crankshaft
DE10218630A1 (en) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Sandvik Ab Milling cutter with fine adjustment
WO2004014600A1 (en) 2002-08-06 2004-02-19 Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for finishing crankshafts for motor vehicle engines
US7827684B2 (en) 2002-08-06 2010-11-09 Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for finish-machining crank shafts for motor car engines
US7882633B2 (en) * 2004-11-26 2011-02-08 Niles-Simmons Industrieanlagen Gmbh Method for machining shaft bearing seats
US9358605B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-06-07 Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method and production line for machining a crankshaft
CN111644949A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-09-11 大连理工大学 Polishing device for crankshaft of diesel engine
CN111644949B (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-07-16 大连理工大学 Polishing device for crankshaft of diesel engine
CN111531338A (en) * 2020-06-19 2020-08-14 重庆美心翼申机械股份有限公司 Crankshaft machining method

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