DE3710274C1 - Process for producing a composite material - Google Patents

Process for producing a composite material

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Publication number
DE3710274C1
DE3710274C1 DE19873710274 DE3710274A DE3710274C1 DE 3710274 C1 DE3710274 C1 DE 3710274C1 DE 19873710274 DE19873710274 DE 19873710274 DE 3710274 A DE3710274 A DE 3710274A DE 3710274 C1 DE3710274 C1 DE 3710274C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
carrier material
carbon
casting
structured
sprue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19873710274
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Helmut Laczkovich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOERRENBERG EDELSTAHL GmbH
Original Assignee
DOERRENBERG EDELSTAHL GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DOERRENBERG EDELSTAHL GmbH filed Critical DOERRENBERG EDELSTAHL GmbH
Priority to DE19873710274 priority Critical patent/DE3710274C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3710274C1 publication Critical patent/DE3710274C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C6/00—Coating by casting molten material on the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment

Abstract

A process for producing composite materials in composite casting is to be indicated, in which the layer boundaries in the material no longer show separation surfaces. For this purpose, it is provided that, before the start of casting, the surface of the carrier material present in the solid form is structured and enlarged by mechanical treatment and that the structured surface is enriched with carbon by carburisation in a layer thickness which is to be preset.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundwerkstoffes im Verbundguß, bei welchem die Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes durch Auf­ kohlung mit Kohlenstoff angereichert und anschließend mit einem Angußwerkstoff umgossen wird.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite material in composite casting, in which the surface of the carrier material by opening coal enriched with carbon and then is cast with a sprue material.

Ein derartiges Verfahren ist aus der US-PS 28 98 251 bekannt; hierbei ist die Vorbehandlung des Träger­ werkstoffes auf eine Anreicherung mit Kohlenstoff beschränkt, wodurch der Liquiduspunkt des Träger­ werkstoffes im Hinblick auf ein gutes Anschmelzen der Oberfläche beim Vergießen gesenkt wird. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß mit dieser Maßnahme allein keine ausreichend innige Schmelzverbindung zwischen dem Trägerwerkstoff und dem anschließend aufgebrachten Angußwerkstoff herzustellen ist.Such a method is known from US Pat. No. 2,898,251 known; here is the pretreatment of the wearer material for an enrichment with carbon limited, thereby reducing the liquidus point of the wearer material with a view to good melting the surface is lowered during casting. It However, it has been shown that with this measure  alone not a sufficiently intimate fusion connection between the carrier material and the subsequently applied sprue material is to be produced.

Der Erfindung daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Ver­ fahren der eingangs genannten Art weiter im Hinblick darauf zu verbessern, daß Trägerwerkstoff und Anguß­ werkstoff beim Angießen eine noch innigere Verbindung eingehen, so daß die Werkstoff-Schichtgrenzen keine Trennflächen und somit natürlichen Schwachstellen mehr für die anschließende Bearbeitung oder Ver­ wendung der Verbundwerkstoffe bilden.The invention is therefore based on the object, a Ver continue driving of the type mentioned in view to improve that carrier material and sprue material when casting on an even more intimate connection come in, so that the material layer boundaries none Dividing surfaces and thus natural weak points more for subsequent editing or ver form the use of composite materials.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus dem Haupt­ anspruch. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiter­ bildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The solution to this problem arises from the main claim. Advantageous configurations and further education is marked in the subclaims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß vor dem Aufkohlungsprozeß die Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes durch mechanische Bearbeitung strukturiert und vergrößert wird. Hiermit ist der Vorteil verbunden, daß die nach der mechanischen Bearbeitung durchzuführende Aufkohlung eine größere Oberfläche erfaßt und daher entsprechend feiner und zielgerichteter durchführbar ist, und daß anderer­ seits sich aufgrund der Oberflächenstruktur eine innige gegenseitige Verzahnung des aufgebrachten Angußwerkstoffes mit dem Trägerwerkstoff ergibt.The method according to the invention is characterized by this from that before the carburizing process the surface of the carrier material by mechanical processing is structured and enlarged. This is the Advantage associated that the mechanical Carburizing to be carried out a larger one Surface captured and therefore correspondingly finer and more feasible, and that others because of the surface structure intimate interlinking of the applied Sprue material with the carrier material results.

Soweit in der DE-PS 8 62 346 bereits eine mechanische Behandlung der Oberfläche bei der Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes beschrieben ist, so ist diese mechanische Behandlung während des Umgießens vorge­ sehen, indem bei wiederholtem Tauchen oder Über­ gießen des Trägerwerkstoffes die jeweils aufeinander­ liegenden Schichten des Angußwerkstoffes miteinander durch Ziehen, Walzen oder Pressen verbunden werden sollen; die gewünschte innigere Schmelzverbindung der beiden Werkstoffe ist jedoch damit nicht erreich­ bar.As far as in DE-PS 8 62 346 already a mechanical Treatment of the surface in the manufacture of a Composite is described, this is mechanical treatment pre-cast see by repeated diving or over  pour the carrier material onto each other lying layers of the sprue material with each other by pulling, rolling or pressing should; the more intimate fusion desired however, the two materials cannot be reached bar.

Nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung soll ein Stahlrohr der Stahlqualität ST 45 oder auch ST 38 mit einem hochverschleißfesten Werkstoff umgossen werden, der als hochchromhaltiger Stahl einen Kohlenstoffgehalt bis zu 3,5% und einen Chromgehalt bis 35% sowie andere Legierungselemente, wie beispielsweise Molybdän, Wolfram, Vanadium, Kobalt, aufweist. Das Stahlrohr als Trägerwerkstoff wird zunächst einer mechanischen Behandlung unter­ zogen, in dem pyramidenartige Erhebungen von ungefähr 2 mm Höhe aus der Oberfläche des Stahlrohres heraus­ geschnitten werden, und zwar entweder durch Umrändeln oder durch das kombinierte Aufbringen eines Gewinde­ schnittes mit einem sich überlagernden Linksgewinde und einem Rechtsgewinde. Nach der so vorgenommenen Oberflächenvergrößerung wird die strukturierte Oberfläche in einer Schichtdicke bis 1 mm einem Aufkohlungsprozeß unterzogen, in dem das Träger­ material mit einem entsprechend geeigneten Kohlenstoff­ träger bis etwa 1% angereichert wird.According to an embodiment of the invention a steel pipe of steel quality ST 45 or also ST 38 with a highly wear-resistant material are cast around it, as high-chromium steel a carbon content up to 3.5% and one Chromium content up to 35% as well as other alloying elements, such as molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, Cobalt. The steel tube as a carrier material undergoes mechanical treatment first moved, in the pyramid-like elevations of about 2 mm height out of the surface of the steel pipe cut, either by knurling or by the combined application of a thread cut with an overlapping left-hand thread and a right-hand thread. After doing so Surface enlargement becomes the most structured Surface in a layer thickness of up to 1 mm Carburizing process in which the carrier material with a suitable carbon carrier is enriched until about 1%.

Nach dieser Vorbehandlung erfolgt das Angießen des hochverschleißfesten Werkstoffes bei einer Gießtemperatur zwischen 1500 und 1700°C, so daß sich aufgrund des durch die Kohlenstoffan­ reicherung entsprechend herabgesetzten Liquiduspunktes des Trägerwerkstoffes und der sägezahnähnlichen Oberflächenstruktur eine innige gegenseitige Verzahnung beim Angießen und somit ein entsprechend gutes Anschmelzen der Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes ergibt, so daß im Bereich der Schichtgrenze zwischen Trägerwerkstoff und Angußwerkstoff sich eine homogene innige Vermischung der Schmelzebestandteile ergibt.After this pretreatment, the casting is done the highly wear-resistant material at one Casting temperature between 1500 and 1700 ° C, so that due to the carbon enrichment according to reduced liquidus point of the carrier material and the sawtooth-like Surface structure an intimate interlocking  when pouring and therefore a correspondingly good one Melt the surface of the carrier material results so that in the area of the layer boundary between Carrier material and sprue material are homogeneous intimate mixing of the melt components results.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundwerkstoffes im Verbundguß, bei welchem die Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes durch Aufkohlung mit Kohlen­ stoff angereichert und anschließend mit einem Angußwerkstoff umgossen wird, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß vor dem Aufkohlungsprozeß die Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes durch mechanische Bearbeitung strukturiert und vergrößert wird.1. A method for producing a composite material in composite casting, in which the surface of the carrier material is enriched by carburizing with carbon and then cast with a sprue material, characterized in that the surface of the carrier material is structured and enlarged by mechanical processing before the carburizing process. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus der Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes durch spanende oder spanlose Verformung spitzen­ artige Erhebungen herausgeschnitten werden. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that from the surface of the substrate pointed by cutting or non-cutting deformation like surveys are cut out.   3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spitzenartigen Erhebungen durch Umrändeln oder kombinierten Gewindeschnitt herausgeschnitten werden.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the point-like elevations by knurling or a combined thread cut will. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kohlenstoffanreicherung bis zur Hälfte der Höhe der herausgearbeiteten Oberflächenstruktur des Trägerwerkstoffes bewirkt wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized characterized that the carbon enrichment up to half the height of the worked out Surface structure of the carrier material causes becomes. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die strukturierte Oberfläche des Trägerwerkstoffes bis 1% Kohlenstoffgehalt aufgekohlt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized characterized that the structured surface of the carrier material up to 1% carbon content is carburized. 6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-5 zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes aus einem Stahl der Qualität ST 45 als Trägerwerkstoff und einem hochverschleißfesten Werkstoff aus hochchromhaltigem Stahl mit bis zu 3,5% Kohlen­ stoff und bis zu 35% Chrom sowie anderen Le­ gierungselementen wie z. B. Molybdän, Wolfram, Vanadium, Kobalt als Angußwerkstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus der Oberfläche des ST 45-Stahls durch Umrändeln pyramidenartige Erhebungen von etwa 2 mm Höhe herausgeschnitten, die strukturierte Oberfläche anschließend in einer Schichtdicke bis etwa 1 mm und bis zu einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von etwa 1% aufgekohlt und danach der Angußwerkstoff mit einer Gieß­ temperatur von 1550-1700°C im Verbund­ guß vergossen wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5 Manufacture of a composite material from one Steel of quality ST 45 as a carrier material and a highly wear-resistant material high-chromium steel with up to 3.5% carbon fabric and up to 35% chrome and other Le yaw elements such. B. molybdenum, tungsten, Vanadium, cobalt as sprue material, thereby characterized in that from the surface of the ST 45 steel by knurling pyramid-like Cut out bumps of about 2 mm in height, then the structured surface in a layer thickness of up to about 1 mm and up to carburized about 1% carbon and then the sprue material with a casting temperature of 1550-1700 ° C in the network casting is poured.
DE19873710274 1987-03-28 1987-03-28 Process for producing a composite material Expired DE3710274C1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873710274 DE3710274C1 (en) 1987-03-28 1987-03-28 Process for producing a composite material

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873710274 DE3710274C1 (en) 1987-03-28 1987-03-28 Process for producing a composite material

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19807685A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-09 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method for producing a blank of a cylinder liner to be poured into a light metal crankcase of a lifting crank machine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR697297A (en) * 1929-06-15 1931-01-15 Ver Stahlwerke Ag Process for the manufacture of metals having a corrosion resistant layer
US2211922A (en) * 1937-08-12 1940-08-20 Clad Metals Ind Inc Method of producing clad metal products
DE862346C (en) * 1942-06-07 1953-01-08 Johannes Haag Process for the production of composite workpieces from mild iron and steel
US2898251A (en) * 1956-11-19 1959-08-04 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Aluminum coated steel article and method of producing it

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR697297A (en) * 1929-06-15 1931-01-15 Ver Stahlwerke Ag Process for the manufacture of metals having a corrosion resistant layer
US2211922A (en) * 1937-08-12 1940-08-20 Clad Metals Ind Inc Method of producing clad metal products
DE862346C (en) * 1942-06-07 1953-01-08 Johannes Haag Process for the production of composite workpieces from mild iron and steel
US2898251A (en) * 1956-11-19 1959-08-04 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Aluminum coated steel article and method of producing it

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19807685A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-09 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method for producing a blank of a cylinder liner to be poured into a light metal crankcase of a lifting crank machine
DE19807685C2 (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-11-09 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method for producing blanks of a cylinder liner consisting of a light metal alloy

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