DE3707546A1 - 2-D rotating toy - Google Patents

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

The following describes a rotary toy which is mainly characterized by the fact that can be rotated around axes of rotation. The rotating bodies have characteristic shapes. At Rotations around the axes of rotation becomes the original Arrangement of the rotating bodies to each other destroyed (before preferably rotations by at least 2 rotations axes required). To find the original arrangement some intelligence is required.  

The axes of rotation are preferably parallel to one another other, d. H. the orthogonal (= right angle) too associated rotary planes related to these axes of rotation are inevitably either in the same level or parallel to each other. In the following, those cases are preferred wrote in which the rotating planes in the same Level.

A real body that is preferably planar on the surface and is not yet very limited in the x and y planes (corresponding to the coordinate system), but preferably has relatively limited dimensions in the z plane (e.g. one Plate or disk or the like.) Is penetrated by real (or theoretical) rotating bodies, the respective axis of rotation of which is preferably identical to the respective axis of rotation.

The shape of the rotating body is basically be sweet, but preferably the requirements designed speaking.

These rotary bodies preferably partially or partially penetrate one another, so that common penetrating bodies are formed ( FIGS. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25).

These penetrating bodies are then modified into rotating bodies and correspond in the z -axis to the dimension described above, ie they are preferably relatively narrowly limited in space in this direction.

When using differently shaped rotating bodies, other shapes are possible, so that a flat surface does not necessarily have to be present in the z axis (claim).

Are z. B. balls used as a rotating body, which then form common penetrating bodies, so can the modified rotating body ent speaking spherical upper or in parts have areas.

Other variations are described in this Ent standing by way possible.

The shape of the rotating body is in principle arbitrary, but is preferably constant in groups (e.g. Fig. 1: DK 1 and DK 2 form identical rotating bodies in groups; Figs. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25; etc. are correspondingly comparable ).

The diameter of the rotating body in common Penetration areas are therefore also prince Any, preferably, at least groups wise, constant.

The position of the axes of rotation to each other is in principle arbitrary, but preferably arranged at least in groups, ie the axes of rotation are z. B. preferably hexagonal or equilateral triangular or square to each other, preferably parallel to each other ( Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25).

In the simplified form (in the paper plane) in drawings, the origin of the rotating bodies in the as yet unmodified form is comparable to mutually penetrating circles ( FIGS. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25).

The common, from the intersecting circles formed areas, are mutually exclusive penetrating rotating bodies comparable. These penetrating bodies become rotating bodies modified.

As an example, planar (flat) penetration bodies are to be modified into rotating bodies. If the paper of FIG. 1 were to be cut, these parts (marked accordingly) could be rotated about the respective (previous) center point in such a way that the original arrangement would be destroyed. Orderly rotations of these individual pieces of paper would not be possible.

Transferred to the penetration bodies created in the manner described above, this means
that orderly rotary movements must be made possible
that the penetrating body (hereinafter also referred to as rotating body) must be able to be guided from a rotating path of a rotating axis into a rotating path of another axis of rotation without the overall band of the rotating body falling apart.

It would also allow for gradual Rotational movements are an advantage.  

These penetrating bodies are modified into rotating bodies in the following way:
First, a holding device is required to prevent the rotating bodies from falling out. The rotating bodies can either be held on the lower surface, on the side surfaces ( FIGS. 22, 23, 24) or on the surface ( FIGS. 4, 5: part AP (= outer plate); FIG. 6; parts 7, 19 ; Fig. 10, 12, part 20 ; Fig. 13, 14: part AP ; 17, 18: dP) .

Furthermore, he is usually a guiding apparatus required, the regulated and orderly Drehbe enable movements around the respective axes of rotation should, as well as a transfer of rotating bodies Turning path into another. This guide is preferably called Guideway realized around the respective axis of rotation, this guideway in the form of a rail or can be realized differently.

Management and holding functions are preferred combined together so that z. B. a leadership and Holding rail, the z. B. as a T-shaped recess can be realized, take on this task can.

These guiding and holding elements can be attached to the Surfaces of the rotating body are attached, for. B. on the bottom, on the edge surfaces or on the Surface of the respective rotating body.

The implementation can therefore be very different Have shapes that are all for themselves or in groups or combined serve the same purpose, namely Holding and management function.  

A guide and posture would be on the edge surfaces possible according to the tongue and groove principle.

Attitude and guidance would be at the bottom speaking of a T-shaped recess conceivable.

With all of these constructions, don't forget be that at all times a regulated, flawless Rotation of all rotating bodies around the respective rotation axes must be possible.

In the case of the off described according to the above principle leadership add up due to the (necessary) Tolerances the margins so that an equal timely, controlled turning u. Sometimes or often to mutually wedging rotation can lead bodies.

The invention shown in the following description reduces these disadvantages and improves the regulated, orderly rotation of the rotating body. Furthermore, after systematic further development, a greater variation of the variants to be described below (e.g. FIGS. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25) is possible.

Using a template-like construction, the rotating bodies are rotated and guided in an orderly and controlled manner about the respective axis of rotation, and if necessary. also centered (e.g. Fig. 3; 9; 12: part S) .

This is done for each axis of rotation and associated rotating body.

FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective sketch of such a template.

In this example, projections ( FIG. 3, part Z) engage in recesses provided in the respective rotating bodies.

When using such stencils there is an additional one Attachment of a centering option partial.

The template has z. B. a cone-shaped protrusion on the underside, the central axis of which is identical to the axis of rotation. (For example Fig. 9: Part MZ (= "center pin")). This peg-shaped construction engages in a corresponding recess (correspond to FIG. 1, part DK 3 ).

Conversely, a recess in the bottom the template in the area of the axis of rotation to an ent talking cone-shaped construction put on will.

With such constructions, the template only perform rotary movements.

The next step is another improvement achieved in that the rotary movements only or are largely feasible step by step.

The incremental rotary movements are identified by "step elements" (SE) .

Fig. 2 shows a saw-tooth "step element; represents, in other examples, a hemispherical protrusion is shown, which sinks in a hemispherical recess at characteristic locations and these positions as" retreat "indicates (eg 13, 17, 18.. , 23, 23: each part SE) .

In the construction of the rotating bodies through mutually penetrating rotating bodies, the adjacent axes of rotation are preferably not penetrated, so that in these cases residual bodies remain ( Fig. 1, part DK 1 ; ( Fig. 7, 8, 15, 21, 25)).

These residual bodies are then preferably stationary anchored in the bottom plate and preferably only one degree of freedom, namely the rotation around the respective axis of rotation.

These residual bodies are then preferably stationary anchored in the bottom plate and preferably only one degree of freedom, namely the rotation around the respective axis of rotation.

( Fig. 21 represents a special case, since this variant can be equipped, for example, so that only the innermost circle is rotated. Other, comparable constructions apply analogously.)

The shape of this fixed residual body is prince p arbitrary. With regular or in groups regular arrangement of regular or groups of regular rotation bodies arise so regular residual body.

These residual bodies take on leadership functions and if necessary also hold function.

On these or in these residual bodies and / or guide elements attached, e.g. B. after Tongue and groove principle or otherwise.

So that the templates described above are centered can be z. B. in this residual body (or more) recess in which a a pin or the like attached to the template engages or vice versa (see above).

Furthermore, this recess (or protrusion) preferably has a characteristic shape, so that the residual body (RK) takes part in the rotation in the same way.

( Fig. 12: Part 25 engages in recess 26. )

For transferring the torque to the rotating body are basically any, non-positive Ele suitable.

Preferably, these rotary power transmission elements are arranged so that the construction of the respective rotating body arrangement is adapted, in the rotating body arrangement according to FIG . B. a normal hexagon (and corresponding recess) is suitable for this (not shown), since in this case the turning steps to be carried out can each be carried out in 60 degree steps (hence a hexagon here, for example). (Comparable e.g. Fig. 7, 8,21, 25).

If, on the other hand, the axes of rotation are arranged square to each other (e.g. Fig. 15, 16), then in this case a square (and the associated cut-out) is appropriate.

So that z. B. the pins of the template in the corresponding rotating axis belonging rotating body to be able to intervene in a force-fitting manner de, (e.g.) recesses in the rotating bodies required Lich.

In the event that the templates are fixed in the area of the residual body (corresponding to Fig. 1, part DK 3 ), these templates should not interfere with each other, ie in these cases the diameters of the templates are preferably so small that they Do not hinder neighboring templates from rotating.

Description based on the drawings

Fig. 1. Rotating rotational body (DA) rotating body with the radius r form common penetration body (DK 1 and DK 2 ), which are modified to rotating bodies (DK 1 and DK 2 ).

In the area of the axes of rotation (DA) districts are left out, which are not penetrated by the rotating bodies (DK 3 ).

An edge (R) is attached around the rotating body to hold and guide the rotating body.

The residual bodies (DK 3 ) which are not penetrated by the rotating bodies are anchored in a fixed position in the base plate and can only rotate about the respective axis of rotation (DA) .

Claim:
The following are variable: The position of the axes of rotation relative to one another.
The number of axes of rotation.
The radii.
The number of rotating bodies per axis of rotation.
The form resulting from the above conditions
of the edge.

Fig. 11. The rotating bodies describe trajectories (hereinafter also called trajectories).

Bodies corresponding to FIG. 1 and the penetrating formed as a result of mutual penetration, which are formed from rotary body, cut or touching this rotational paths, little least in some areas.

The center of the rotating body of the rotating body DK 1 of FIG. 1 describes the rotating path FB 1 of FIG. 11, which is then modified to form a guideway (FB) .

The center of the rotating body of the rotating body DK 2 of FIG. 1 describes the rotating path FB 2 of FIG. 11, which is then or can be modified into a guideway (FB) .

Fig. 7 (RING VERSION 1). Compared to FIG. 1, each axis of rotation (DA) is now assigned two different rotational bodies with two different radii (r 3 and r 4 ), which partially intersect in groups.

In this example, 4 different rotating bodies are formed in this way (DK 4 , DK 5 , DK 6 , DK 7 .

The residual body ( RK) , which is not penetrated by the rotating bodies, is in turn anchored in the base in the base plate so that only rotary movements about the respective axis of rotation (DA) are possible.

These rotating bodies in turn describe character istic trajectories that touch or to cut.

Fig. 8 (RING VERSION 2). Compared to Fig. 7 (ring version 1), the radii are now in a different relationship to each other, so that the shape of the penetrating body (DK 8 to DK 11 ) takes on a different shape.

The outer shape of the residual body (RK) , which was not penetrated by the rotating bodies, has not changed significantly.

Vari is not shown in these examples ation of the positional relationships of the axes of rotation to one another. This results in completely new variants if the Axes of rotation z. B. are to each other like corner points of a square or otherwise.

(Claim)
The following are therefore variable:
Number of rotating bodies per axis of rotation
Radii of the body of revolution
Position of the axes of rotation to each other

Fig. 10. The individual rotating bodies must be held and guided.

Very simple (and probably also very inexpensive) this task is technically solved in that outwards, i.e. on the surface side of the Rotating body, a transparent or largely transparent plate or the like attached which holds the rotating body and at ent speaking modification can also lead.

If the rotations of the rotating body are possible from above should be in the area of the axes of rotation in this clear plate requires recesses Lich.

The rotating body can then manually around the respective Axes of rotation.

Fig. 10 shows an example of a possible shape of this transparent outer plate. Recesses are provided around the axes of rotation (DA) so that there is a point of attack for rotation in this area.

There are recesses on the edge of this plate for fastening shown (e.g. by screwing or similar or different).

The shape of the transparent plate is essential depending on the selected rotating bodies (An number of axes of rotation, position of the axes of rotation to one another, Number of rotating bodies per axis of rotation, through knife etc.).

Fig. 12 shows an example of a possible edge construction of the part shown in Fig. 10: part 21 ( Fig. 12) is the region of the fastening in the lower part (UT) ; Part 20 ( Fig. 12) represents the transparent outer plate (corresponding to Fig. 10). Part 23 is the area of the recess.

Fig. 15. The axes of rotation can, for. B. be assigned to each other quadratically. Depending on the radius dimensioning, differently shaped rotating bodies result (DK 12 , DK 13 , DK 14 ).

The shape of the residual body (RKQ) , which takes on a characteristic shape due to the square arrangement of the axes of rotation, is essentially constant.

From the dimensioning of the rotating body, the position of the axes of rotation to each other, the number of axes of rotation (etc.), the essential shape of the Randkon construction (R) depends on which management tasks, if necessary. also holds function.

Fig. 16. The centers of the rotating bodies be different paths.

Fig. 16 shows the rotary trajectories of the centers of the rotating body DK 13 (Fig. 15). These trajectories touch at characteristic points.

At these locations, the rotating bodies in question can be transferred from one turning path to another. The rotating tracks belonging to the other rotating bodies of FIG. 15 are not shown in FIG. 16, but in principle the structure is comparable.

The other trajectories are preferably ver different layers assigned to a "hooking" to keep it as low as possible.

If stencils are used, on some or all of the rotation formed into guideways tracks are waived.  

Fig. 2. With rotations around the respective axes of rotation (DA) , the geometric conditions repeat themselves - depending on the construction chosen (examples: FIGS . 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25) - according to specific angles of rotation ( e.g. after every 60 degrees or after 90 degrees or after 180 degrees or otherwise).

In order to always have the same turning increments hold, it is beneficial if the respective Rotation steps pre-selected by a suitable device will give or if after a certain turn step z. B. a snap or the like can follow.

For this purpose, the required angles of rotation are given by z. B. a gradual snap, z. B. Fig. 2nd

In this example, e.g. B. a sawtooth-like, circular element with its projections into the recesses of Fig. 2 and is forced to adhere exactly to the turning increments. Example: Fig. 4: The part VZo (= toothing above) snaps into the recesses of the part VZu (toothing below), the part VZu corresponds approximately to the sawtooth part of FIG. 2.

The same effect can of course also be achieved in other ways, e.g. B. also by the fact that hemispherical projections engage in hemispherical recesses and these elements are then attached in the angle steps required in each case (e.g. FIG. 6: part 14 ; FIGS. 13, 17, 18, 23, 24: part SE (= Step element)).

Fig. 3. The template-like constructions can be fixed in place or can also be mobile. With a suitable construction, the rotating bodies are rotated uniformly, simultaneously and in an orderly manner about the respective axis of rotation.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the possible shape of a mobile template, which may be introduced into the rotating body of the relevant axis of rotation. The projections Z engage in corresponding recesses of the respective rotating body, and center them if necessary. then also. With the handle (HG) , the rotary body can then be rotated around the axis of rotation in the selected rotary steps using this template.

After completing the rotation, the template is then pulled out again and with her in another Rotation axis also rotated as required.

Fixed or largely fixed "templates" are in principle and functionally comparable to this construction.  

Fig. 9. The centering of the template (S) is facilitated by the fact that a suitable centering device is placed in the center of the template in the axis of rotation, for example as in Fig. 9 the part MZ (= center pin). this pin-like projection (or comparable construction) is sunk in a corresponding recess, which is located in the middle of the stationary residual body (RK) .

In order to enable rectified and uniform rotary movements of this residual body (RK) , this "central pin" (MZ) is preferably not round in cross section, but preferably also divided into corresponding angles according to the respective construction, for. B. shaped like a hexagon, which then fits into a corresponding hexagonal recess, which is in the residual body (RK) be (claim); this lends itself to con struction according to FIGS . 1, 7, 8, 21, 25. On the other hand, a square is useful for constructions according to FIG. 15 (claim).

Since the template has to be pressed in, the manual attack should be able to be carried out accordingly easily, therefore the handle (HG) has a tapered shape ( FIGS. 9, 6, 12, 17). In Fig. 12, the mobile template (S) is shown in a set. The part 25 of the template engages in the recess 26 of the residual body (RK) .

When the template is lowered further, the peg-like projections (Z) (or comparable elements) engage in the corresponding recesses (A) of the respective rotating bodies. A rotational locking movement about the respective axis of rotation with the aid of the template (S) is thereby made possible for the rotating bodies.

Fig. 4. The rotating body (DK) must be held and guided in the rotating tracks, and can be rotated ge.

The rotary movements are carried out either purely manually or with the aid of a template-like construction, which can be either stationary or mobile (e.g. accordingly Fig. 3, 9) (or by another suitable construction).

It makes sense to use the turning tracks with the Guideways (depending on the type of construction) other combined.

In a simple and presumably also inexpensive manner, the rotating bodies (DK) are preferably held by a transparent layer, which is preferably designed as a parallel plate (disk or the like).

Fig. 4 shows a transparent outer plate (AP) which holds the rotating body.

In this transparent plate recesses are formed on the underside , which, designed as guide tracks , represent the upper guide tracks (FBo) of the rotating body or some rotating bodies. The upper guide elements (FEo) , which are attached to the top of the rotating bodies in question, and thus also the rotating bodies in question are guided in these upper guideways.

Furthermore, lower guide elements (FEu) are attached to the underside of the rotating body or (in groups) to some of the rotating bodies, which are guided in the lower guideways (FBu) and thus the (possibly in groups) associated rotating body (DK) .

The lower guideways are preferably in the lower part (UT) .

So that the rotating body can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation, a (in this example) stationary "template" (S) is integrated, which can be rotated about the relevant axis of rotation, preferably step by step.

The attachment in the lower part is in principle arbitrary (this also applies to the other examples); it can e.g. B. done by a screw element (SR) . The fixed template must be fixed so that preferably (step by step) rotations around the respective axis of rotation are possible.

For the purpose of rotating the rotating body (DK) , the template (S) is lowered along the axis of rotation into the rotating body (DK) , so that the peg-shaped projections (or the like) (Z) are brought into the corresponding savings (A) from the rotating body in a torque-locking manner can be.

For this purpose (in this example) the spring must be overcome by the spring (F) , which then returns the template to its starting position after the rotation has been completed. When lowering the template, upper toothings (VZo) engage in corresponding recesses on the underside (VZu) (corresponding to Fig. 2), so that each time the template (S) certain rotation increments are prescribed.

Fig. 5. According to the example of Fig. 1, there are different rotating bodies in groups (in example Fig. 1: DK 1 and DK 2 ).

These rotary bodies, which are different in groups, can be assigned groups of different rotary tracks (e.g. FIG. 11).

These turning tracks are then made out of guideways formed so that guide elements are guided in them will.

In FIG. 5, a group of rotating bodies (DK) has an upper guide track (DBO), another group has been allocated a lower guide rail (FBU). In this way, the guideways do not intersect in one plane, so that u. U. "Hooking" can occur less easily.

The lower part of the template (SU ) is integrated into the lower part (UT) by a screwing element (SR) .

Other corresponding figures and examples apply analogue.  

Fig. 6. When using template-like constructions, combinations can be carried out as follows:
For example, a rotating body arrangement as shown in Fig. 1 Darge is attached to one side of a corresponding pad, on the other, opposite side, for. B. constructed a rotating body arrangement according to FIG. 15.

Is a template-like construction so ge builds that when rotating a template around a be axis of rotation also matched these rotary movements to the Are transferred to the opposite side, so arise guessed the various possibilities of playing winding.

However, preferably only a single turn axis modified in this way.

According to the lowest common denominator then of course only possible turning steps, each are also technically permissible (inter alia depending on the selected rotating body type), d. H. on the one hand are z. B. 60 degree steps possible on the other e.g. B. 90-degree steps result in the station wagon nation 180 degree steps.  

Fig. 6 shows an example of such a con construction, which allows rotary movements with template support to be carried over to the opposite side.

This template is so concentrated that the parts 5 o (o = above) and 5 u (u = below) are essentially identical and are coupled together by a plug and screw connection (or the like).

Alone, the top part already forms as even the lower part is an essential part of each because of the game (claim). In this example are two, preferably different, rotation games have been combined.

The upper template (So) is pressed into the rotating body, the lower template (Su) is pulled into the rotating body (claim). The "double stencil" is returned to the rest position by a spring ( 13 ).

Description of FIG. 6

• 1. Recess for screw and / or nut that runs through the axis of rotation ( 17 ).
• 2. Handle for pushing in (part 5 o is pushed in and part 5 u is pushed out).
• 3. Long screw recess
• 4. Square or comparable device for transmitting the torque from part 2 to part 5 (center of picture).
  Conversely, the torque / force transmission from part 15 (lower edge of the image) via part 4 to the lower part 5 takes place .
  Part 4 is only used to transfer torque to the neighboring parts and can therefore in principle (in the functional framework) take any other form, provided that the power transmission is guaranteed.
• 5. Multifunctional part:
  Transmission of the torque transmission of the pressure force Transmission of the torque by means of part 9 locking in predetermined angles by part 6 (part 6 is locked in recess 14 and is released by pressure).
• 6. Hemispherical bulge, which in connection with the recess part 14 has the function of a step element (SE) , so that with regular arrangement of these step elements, the hemispherical bulge, z. B. engages after 60 degrees in the recess 14 and thereby the rest positions of the rotating body are always set at rotatable locations.
  In the upper part ( 5 o) if necessary. Such a bulge ( 8 ) can be dispensed with, but since parts 5 o and 5 u are constructed (approximately) identically, this results in savings in production.
• 7. Clear plate that holds the underlying rotating body (part 10 ). In this part you can the recesses in the guideways (e.g. as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5: part FBo) can also be integrated.
  This transparent outer plate preferably has recesses in order not to hinder the attack of the peg-shaped bulges (Z) of the respective template (S) on the respective rotating bodies; these recesses are therefore preferably round (accordingly Fig. 10).
  The template-like construction is held in depth ( 5 ) by the base part ( 18 ) and rotatably guided about its own axis.
  In the periphery, i.e. in the area of the transparent plate (part 7 on the top; part 19 on the bottom), this template ( 5 o and 5 u) is also supported orthogonally (= at right angles) to the axis of rotation by the transparent plate itself.
• 8. Pin-shaped projections on the "template".
  Function: These projections engage in corresponding recesses on the rotating bodies and are used for non-positive engagement on these.
• 9. Recess in the rotating bodies in which the peg-shaped projections ( 8 ) engage.
• 10. Rotary body with recess ( 9 ).
• 11. screwing (fastening or the like., The still is to be modified).
• 12.Clamping ring (snap ring or the like)
• 13. Spring. The projections ( 8 ) pressed into the recesses ( 9 ) of the rotary body are returned to the rest position by the spring force ( 13 ).
• 14. Hemispherical recess in the base part ( 18 ); this recess is repeated in regular order and has the function of a step element. The protrusion ( 6 ) of the "template" engages in this recess ( 14 ) after certain rotation step angles (for example after every 60 degrees or 90 degrees or otherwise).
• 15. Lower handle. This handle is pulled when activated and therefore differs in shape from the upper handle ( 2 ).
• 16. Recess for screw or the like (analogous to part 1 ).
• 17. Recess for long attachment, e.g. B. long screw or the like., Central axis (DA) preferably corresponds to the axis of rotation.
• 18. Base part with modified and further modifi cutouts.
• 19. Lower transparent plate (analogous to upper transparent plate ( 7 ) with, if necessary, corresponding recesses for the guide elements of the rotating bodies.
  Function: posture and leadership. The plate must be transparent or at least partially transparent or largely transparent.

Fig. 17. Normally, the rotating bodies are rotated on the surface around the respective axis of rotation. The friction creates forces that cause the rotating body to get more in order during the rotations.

This, acting on the rotating bodies Reibungsver Lusts can be diminished by the underground and the "ceiling" in the area of the rotating body is the same sensible and at the same time around the same axis of rotation be twisted.

If such constructions are assigned to each axis of rotation, the respective maximum size of such a rotatable "saucer" (dUT = rotatable lower part) can only extend to the adjacent rotatable "saucer", so that the neighboring ones are not hindered in the rotational movement.

Fig. 17 shows the example of such a construction:

With the handle (HG) the template (S) is pressed into the construction against the spring force (Fi = spring inside), the pin-like projections (Z) are pushed through the recesses of the rotatable upper part (dOT) and into the recesses (A ) the rotating body (DK) is pushed in.

Then the rotation around the respective axis of rotation takes place around the desired angle, which is also feasible in accordance with the selected construction. The angle of rotation is specified by a step element (SE) , in which a hemispherical bulge is pressed into a corresponding recess by the spring force of the outer spring (Fa) .

These step elements repeat, depending on selected design, e.g. B. after 60 degrees or after 90 Degree or otherwise, so after turning around this Angle a preferred snapping of the crotch elements takes place and thus also the template in question, so that the cone-like protrusions after each Rotation from the rest position immediately hit the recesses on the rotating bodies.

In principle, this construction is suitable for any type of rotating body, e.g. B. for rotating body constructions according to FIGS. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21st

A construction on this basis can preferably be used, however, especially in the case of rotating bodies with an additional ring construction (for example corresponding to FIGS. 7, 8, 21).

FIG. 14 shows an example of such a rotating support part (part rotatable DB = base).

The template (S) can be used both stationary and mobile.

In the case of the mobile template are preferred pin-like projections for each of the rotating bodies provided, if necessary. even in groups.

In order to impart an orderly rotating sequence to the rotating bodies, if necessary. also guideways are integrated, in the example Fig. 17 with FBo (= guideway above) and FBu (= guideway below).

Some (principally not restricted) of these guideways can also run through the rotatable lower part (dUT) (e.g. FBu) . These tracks are then also twisted, but otherwise remain largely anchored around the respective axis of rotation.

Fig. 11. The centers of the rotating body of the example shown in Fig. 1 describe different paths. These trajectories are shown in FIG. 11. The path FB 2 is described from the center of the rotating body DK 2 , the path FB 1 from the center of the rotating body DK 1 . The webs FB 1 intersect at characteristic locations, the webs FB 2 touch at characteristic locations.

The corresponding rotating bodies can be found at these locations switch from one turning path to another.

So that these trajectories are not too much for ver confusion, e.g. B. due to design difficulties and / or "hooking" in practical use wear, these rotary tracks (guideways) preferably different levels (layers) assigned.

The rotating bodies are z. B. as shown in Fig. 19a, 19b, 19c and 20a, 20b, 20c, provided with appropriate guide elements, so that these guide elements in groups once in the upper (FEo) and in groups to the other in a lower guide track (rotary track) will.

The same applies in the other examples.  

Fig. 18. The template-like structures can - instead of being pressed into the rotating bodies - also be drawn into them.

In the example in FIG. 18, the handle (HG) is pulled against the spring force (F) , the peg-like projections of the template (S) being drawn into the savings (Z) from the rotating body. Then the rotation around the relevant axis of rotation (DA) takes place . After releasing the handle (HG), the template springs back into the rest position due to the spring force (F) , which is specified by the step elements (SE) .

The rotating bodies are held by the transparent plate (dP) and guided through the integrated guideways (FBo) (if necessary in groups). The template neck (SH) is additionally held by an additional body (dP-Rk) integrated in the transparent plate (dP) and similar to the residual body described at the beginning. This part corresponds in shape to the respective residual bodies (RK ; accordingly Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25). In addition, this part (dP-RK) forms the boundary of the rotating body in the direction of the respective axis of rotation and is then shaped accordingly.

In this area, however, is the transparency not necessarily required.

In the examples Fig. 6, 13, 14, 18) scha blonen-like constructions are drawn into the rotating body.

In Fig. 18, the lower part (UT) shows lower guideways (FBu) in which the rotating bodies are guided with the lower guiding elements.

Fig. 13 differs from Fig. 18 in that these lower guideways (FBu) are not listed here.

Fig. 21 (and partly 25). The shape of the penetrating body-forming rotating body is in principle arbitrary (claim), the number of rotating bodies per axis of rotation is in principle arbitrary (claim), the number and arrangement of the rotating axes is in principle arbitrary, the radii of the rotating bodies are in principle arbitrary.

In the Figs. 21 and 25, circular rings 7 partially penetrate in a regular arrangement.

The centers are ordered to each other like that Corners of equilateral triangles.

The centers of the outer circles are hexagonal to each other; at its center lies a seventh center (with the associated residual body RKi ( FIG. 21)).

When the variables are varied, a multitude of other formations arise, so FIG. 21 represents a basic example (claim).

The circular rings can also be like the Olympic Rings can be arranged (claim) or otherwise (Claim).

In the present examples ( Fig. 21 and 25) 7 circular rings partially penetrate each other and form in this way (corresponding to each other penetrating rotary body) the penetration body, which then if necessary. be modified to rotating bodies.

In the example ( FIGS. 21 and 25), rotations in 60-degree steps are required, so that during rotations the rotating bodies DK 15 and DK 16 ( FIG. 21) remain in the respective circular ring and cannot change to another.

Only the rotary body DK 17 ( Fig. 21) can be rotated against each other and brought into disorder, so that a certain intelligence is required to find the original union order.

By means of a simple additional device, the rotary bodies DK 15 and DK 16 ( FIG. 21) are now also able to be rotated in a disorder, as follows:
The inner circle (in the area RKi = residual body inside) is also designed to be rotatable, whereby the residual body RKi remains stationary and can only be rotated about its own axis of rotation.

If the dimensions are appropriate, there remain additional residual bodies, ie those that are not penetrated by the circular rings designed as rotary bodies: ZRKi (= additional residual body inside) and ZRKa (= additional residual body outside). In a broader sense, the edge also represents a residual body, since it is not penetrated by the penetrating bodies.

Now these remnants are formed to holding leadership elements, z. B. according to the tongue and groove principle (in FIGS. 22 and 23) ( FIG. 23 shows an example: the part ZRKa corresponds to the part ZRKa of FIG. 21 and in this example takes on a guiding and holding function) or T- or L-shaped or different.

In the example ( FIG. 21), the parts RKa (= residual body outside), TRKa and ZRKi are then stationarily fixed on the ground (or in the base or comparable) and are preferably not rotatable. The edge R now also takes over the guiding and holding function (e.g. according to the well-known tongue and groove principle).

The shape of the edge is variable and depends largely according to the manner of the constructed Rotating bodies and their number and dimensions, d. H. it is a dependent variable size.

Preferably only the residual body Rki (residual body inside) can be rotated about its own axis of rotation, preferably in 60-degree steps, but is otherwise stationarily stationed.

Now (of course after appropriate modification!) All circular rings can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation (DA) , preferably in 60-degree steps (variable size).

In addition, the inner circle content of the inner circle belonging to the RKi can be rotated about its axis of rotation (DA) .

This way everyone in the annulus can get themselves located rotating body one after the other in total Un be put in order.

It is to be expected that in the simple, above shape described the rotating body of the simple could oppose manual manipulation; in in this case, if necessary. a support to ge regulated, orderly, simultaneous rotary movement sensible, e.g. B. by using a "template".  

To FIG. 25. FIG. 25 differs from FIG. 21, inter alia, in that now all channel contents and all contents of the circular ring can be rotated about the respective axes of rotation or a plurality of axes of rotation. For this purpose, additional rotating bodies are formed.

The previously designated largely stationary in FIG. 21 with ZRKi are now further modified to rotating bodies and can then be rotated about the respective axes of rotation.

In principle, all variations are possible. H. it can e.g. B. the rotating body or some of the rotating bodies are twisted against each other by not all possible axes of rotation really to such be formed.

So it is z. B. possible to do without the innermost axis of rotation ( Fig. 25) and twist only the outer circles and circular rings.

Furthermore, it is e.g. B. possible to twist three - preferably non-intersecting - outer circles and circular rings ( Fig. 25) on "saucers" (see Fig. 24) and the three other - preferably non-intersecting - circles and circular rings from above twist.

The described "Scha blonen "is used.

The templates acting from below then become preferably integrated into the "saucer" that stencils from above then in "Ober Plate".  

Preferably, the "saucer" with the inte stencils designed so that they match the "Top plates" have identical shapes (thereby Cost savings).

The top plate and the integrated associated Stencils are preferably transparent around the View of the rotating body should not be affected gene.

The size of the saucer and saucer reached preferably each functional maximum size, d. H. they are at most so large that they are just against each other do not hinder each other.  

Fig. 14. FIGS. 7, 8 and 21, 25 represent rotating bodies in circles and circular rings (other comparable examples are not listed for the sake of clarity, but are in principle not much different because of the similarity).

It is envisaged that the inner circles around the Allow the respective axis of rotation to rotate, furthermore only the circular rings around the relevant axes of rotation and also if necessary. both, ie circular rings and Circle.

In principle, they are purely manual Rotations of the associated rotating bodies possible.

As already described several times, it can be assumed go that the use of a template-like Kon structure for rotating the rotating body offer advantages can.

For this purpose a kind of double stencil is used Commitment.

This template can be both mobile and stationary or be largely stationary.

It can be from above or from below or from both Sides are used.

Fig. 14 shows an example of the double A set from below.

By pulling the handle HG 1 , the template S 1 with its cone-like projections Z is drawn into the corresponding recesses of the respective rotating bodies, which (so) belong to the circular ring described.

With the handle HG 2 , the inner template S 2 is drawn and its pin-like projections Z are drawn into the relevant recesses of the rotating body belonging to the inner circle.

When the template-like construction S 2 is rotated by means of the handle HG 2 , a rotatable base part DB is simultaneously and forcefully rotated about the axis of rotation concerned.

This part DB is e.g. B. held by a snap ring SR (or the like).

In this rotatable base (DB) , which is functionally comparable ver with the rotatable lower part (dUT) of Fig. 17, and with the rotatable lower part UK (= sub-circle) of Fig. 23 and Fig. 24, if necessary. Integrated guideways (FB = lower guideway), in which the rotating bodies or some of the rotating bodies run in groups with their guide elements.

The stencils are pressed into the lower part (drawn in) by springs (or comparable) F 1 and F 2 .

The spring force F 2 is preferably stronger than that of the spring F 1 , the travel of the spring F 1 is preferably longer than that, so that when the template S 2 is activated, the template S 1 cannot move out of its rest position so that when the template S 1 is activated, the template S 2 does not move out of its rest position.

In addition, the template S 2 should also be activated if the handle HG 1 is pulled harder and longer (in the direction of the axis of rotation DA) .

The snap ring SR 2 prevents the template S 2 from falling into the lower part UT .

In this example, all rotating bodies can be held towards the outside by an outer, transparent plate AP .

As already described, if necessary guideways can also be integrated. These transparent plates are in the edge part held.  

Figure 19a, b., C and 20a, b, c. Fig. 1 shows a possible example of a Anord voltage of rotary bodies. The modified rotating body belonging to this example is shown in the game 19 and 20 (each a to c).

In this example, the upper and lower guide elements (FEo and FEu) belonging to the upper and lower guideways are assigned in groups.

For the rotationally positive attack of the stencil-like structures, corresponding recesses (A) in the rotating bodies are required in this example (shown in FIGS . 19a, c and 20a, c). This arrangement of the guide elements applies in principle to all rotating bodies, if necessary. modification is required.

Fig. 22. Fig. 21 shows rotating bodies running in circles and circles. The rotating bodies running in the circular rings could be attached according to FIG. 22, that is to say according to the known tongue and groove principle (cf. part NF) .

Adjacent rotating bodies are then indicated accordingly fits.

Fig. 23. In the rotating body arrangement according to Example Fig. 21 and z. T. Fig. 25 (other examples are comparable) could simplify and u. U. improvement can be brought about, e.g. B. that both the circular rings and the inner circles or these structures are rotated about the respective axis of rotation.

So z. B. the complete inner ring ( Fig. 21, 25) including the inner circle in some cases can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation. The number and arrangement of these structures according to Fig. 23 (and comparable Fig.) Is limited by the fact that neighboring circles must not be mutually obstructing one another.

Applied to the example of FIGS. 21 and 25, this means that z. B. three of the outer circular rings ( Fig. 21) including the associated inner circles on a "saucer" (part UK of Fig. 23) could be rotatably supported about the axes concerned.

Or z. B. only the innermost annulus with the inner associated circle ( Fig. 21, 25). These rotatable lower parts are then assigned the step elements described (SE) .

The part ZRKa (additional residual body outside) is comparable to that of the same name in FIG. 21.

However, since only the rotating bodies in the circular rings are effectively rotated against each other, some residual bodies that cannot be rotated relative to one another remain in the inner circular ring according to FIG. 23 ( FIG. 21: parts ZRKi and ZRKa) .

To also get this "residual body" into the rotating body happen to include these parts as Penetrating body of the inner circles now too Rotating bodies are modified.

This can e.g. . As shown in FIG 24 take place: belonging to the inner circle of rotation bodies are supported on the lower part and rotated UK, belonging to the annular rotary body are mounted on the lower part UR.

For example, 3 non-intersecting circles and Circular rings twisted against each other in this way will.

In addition, this construction can then be provided with template-type turning aids (e.g. according to FIG. 14) in this lower level.

As a further support, the other three outer, non-intersecting circles can then be provided with rotary aids from above, so that, for. B. only the inner annulus and circle are not equipped with an additional turning aid (e.g. according to Fig. 25).

Claims (71)

1. 2-D rotary toy, in which through each other partially or in groups partially or completely or in groups completely penetrating rotating body, any shape, preferably in an ordered form, the axes of rotation are preferably parallel to each other, but in principle in any arrangement, but preferably in an orderly, regular order or in groups in a different order, form penetration bodies ( Fig. 1: DK 1 , DK 2 ; Fig. 7: DK 4 , D 5 , D 6 , DK 7 ; Fig. 8: DK 8- 11 ; Fig. 15: DK 12 , DK 13 ' , DK 14 ; Fig. 21: DK 15 , DK 16 , DK 17 ; Fig. 25: in principle analog) preferably so that the penetrating body forming rotating body in this area all or in groups or individually have a smaller radius than the distance between adjacent axes of rotation to each other, although a larger radius is also possible, so that preferably a residual body (e.g. Fig. 1, 7, 8: each part: RK ; Fig. 1 5, part RKQ ; Fig. 21, parts: RKi and RKa, ZRKi and ZRKa ; Fig. 25 analog) remains, which is not penetrated by the rotating bodies, characterized in that these penetrating bodies are then modified to rotating bodies (z. B. Fig. 19a, b, c and 20a, b, c) and thereby characterized in that these rotating bodies are held and / or guided in or under a transparent (or largely transparent) plate (disk, layer or the like) (e.g. Fig. 10) (e.g. Fig. 4, 5 : Part AP ; Fig. 6: Parts 7 and 19; Fig. 12: Part 20 ; Figs. 13 and 14: Part AP ; Fig. 17, 18: Part dP) where then this transparent plate preferably has recesses in the area of the axes of rotation , ( Fig. 10) in this area to rotate the rotating body belonging to the respective rotating axis about this axis, so that some or groups of some or all of the rotating bodies in the rotating tracks, if necessary. are guided by guide elements (FEo) guided in the guideways (cf. example FIGS. 11, 16). 2. 2-D rotary toy, according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent plate (disc or the like.) Preferably on the underside is largely or completely or partially flat. (Example: Fig. 10; Fig. 4, 5: part AP ; Fig. 6: part 7, 19 Fig. 12: part 20, 23 ; Fig. 14: part AP) . 3. rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the transparent plate (Disc or the like) on the underside not undef things must be essentially plan, but also e.g. B. can be curved or round or shaped differently can be. 4. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotating bodies are preferably moved only in one plane (z. B. in the mathematical xy plane, but not in the direction z axis: hence the chosen name "2-D rotary toys"; 2-D means "two-dimensional"). 5. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that (real or theoretical) rotating body, the axes of rotation (= axes of rotation) are parallel to each other, cut in one plane and form penetrating bodies there, which then real rotating bodies are formed ( Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25 are only examples, the number of other examples is in principle unlimited). 6. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of Rotational body is arbitrary.   7. 2-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the number of rotating bodies per axis of rotation is arbitrary ( Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25). 8. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the location of the Rotation axes to each other is arbitrary, preferably each but appears orderly and regulated and / or appears in groups. 9. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the radii of the Rotational body is arbitrary, but preferably is the same size or is the same size in groups. 10. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the radii of the rotating bodies are preferably kept so small or are kept so small in groups that their radius is smaller (or smaller in groups) than the distance from neighboring Centers to each other ( Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25), so that residual bodies preferably remain in the region of the axes of rotation, which are not penetrated by the rotating bodies ( Figs. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25). 11. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that these residual bodies are largely anchored so that they can essentially only make rotary movements about their respective axis of rotation (z. B. Fig. 1, 7, 8, 15, 21, 25). 12. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the rotary tracks can be assigned to different layers, preferably so that if necessary. assignment in groups. ( Fig. 4, 5: parts FBo and FBu (= guideway above and below); Fig. 12: part 22 ; Fig. 13, 14, 17, 18: part FBo) : The drawings mainly show two layers. 13. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the ring version 1 ( Fig. 7) and in the ring versions 2 and 3 ( Fig. 8, 21 and 25) in modified variants in a deeper layer preferably some of the rotating body (Dk) according to the Fig. 1 is shown, rotated, preferably with a template-like construction ( Fig. 6, 13, 14, 18: part S) , which is preferably initially for locking and if necessary center the rotating body in the direction of the rotating axis is pulled (or pressed), preferably against spring force. 14. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that if necessary. a ge layered structure is possible, ie in the deepest layer z. B. the simplest structure of rotary bodies, for. B. according to Fig. 1. With increasing the number of "intersecting circles", z. B. corresponding to Fig. 7; 8, 21, 25, the further construction of the rotating bodies takes place in the upper layers (comparable to FIG. 24). 15. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the further layers in whole or in part or widely are largely or partially transparent.   16. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that some parts or elements have the same shapes (eg Fig. 6: part 5 o ( o = above) corresponds to part 5 u (u = below), so that these parts can be non-positively connected to each other both above and below, in order to set the upper rotating body in rotation when rotating on part 5 o , at the same time the lower rotating body with the part 5 u rotated with (compare accordingly also description, inter alia to Fig. 25). (Note: By simultaneously rotating the rotating body in the same direction with the opposite side of this relevant axis of rotation (preferably only a single axis of rotation is ver changes), a combination game can be achieved with a significantly higher level of difficulty, there may be a different arrangement on one of the two sides (e.g. according to Fig. 7 or 8 or even only , and is required to Fig. 1) so that both sides are to reach back to the end of the game the output order, it is u. U. on either side of recovered the original ordered arrangement, at the same time but, by the associated rotation axis of Fig. 6 on the opposite side u. Total chaos may be created, so that the required simultaneous original arrangement on both sides may only be found with the greatest difficulty.) 17. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the case of two-sided use preferably the rotary steps are the same size on both sides (e.g. on one side each result 60 degree steps, on the other hand, are then 60-degree steps are also recommended, but not absolutely necessary). 18. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the turning steps when used on both sides (according to FIG. 6 are different on both sides (z. B. on one side according to FIG. 1, on the opposite side according to FIG. 15. In this case, 180-degree steps are then required in this axis of rotation). 19. 2-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the transparent layer which is intended to hold the rotary body does not necessarily have to be flat, but can in principle be shaped arbitrarily, preferably so that it is itself the rotating body-forming rotating bodies largely or completely or partially form-fitting adapts so that the rotating body form the rotating body z. B. can also be mutually penetrating rings (z. B. sausage-like rings, etc.) and the penetrating bodies are then modified in the manner described to rotating bodies ( Fig. 7, 8, 21, 25). 20. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the transparent plate ( Fig. 10) ( Fig. 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18) preferably fixed at the edge with the base part is connected. 21. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the rotating body can be assigned ver different levels and a layered structure of the rotating body is carried out so that, for. B. in the deepest layer of the structure as in Fig. 1, and this rotating body then the basis for the overlying rotating body, the z. B. are arranged according to FIGS. 7, 8, 21, represent, then again preferably the rotary movements are carried out with "templates". 22. Rotary toy , according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the rotating body or some of the rotating body groups have guide elements (z. B. Fig. 19 and 20: parts FEo and FEu) , which are guided in the guideways and thus also guide the associated rotating body. 23. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the guide elements or some of the guide elements are assigned to the rotating bodies or to some of the rotating bodies in groups (e.g. FIGS . 19a, 19b, 19c; 20a, 20b, 20c) so that z. B. these guiding elements can also be assigned to different layers (levels) or can be assigned to different layers in groups (e.g. Fig. 18: part FBo and part FBu (= guideway above and below), so that e.g. in groups the guide elements can run in groups in different guideways ( FIG. 11) ( FIG. 11). 24. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that on the rotating bodies at characteristic points (z. B. Fig. 19a and 20a: each part A (= recess)) z. B. recesses are attached, in which the peg-like projections (z. B. Fig. 18: part Z (other Fig. Analog)) of the template-like structures can be lowered to the rotational connection. 25. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the rotating body z. B. also from mutually penetrating balls can be developed, in which case the Rotating body u. U. not just in one level, but gfls. moved against each other in 3 dimensions. 26. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that in the case when the rotating bodies from penetrating balls ent be wrapped, the base plate preferably in the loading the rotating body is largely form-fitting is adjusted.   27. A rotary toy according to claim 1 to 26, in which through each other partially or partially in groups or completely or completely in groups penetrating rotating bodies, basically any shape, preferably in an ordered form, the Ro tion axes preferably parallel to each other stand, in principle but in any order, but preferably in a regulated, orderly manner order, or in groups in a regulated, orderly manner order, or in groups in a different order order, Form penetrating bodies, preferably so that the penetrating body spare areas of the rotating body, which are not penetrated by the rotating bodies will, characterized in that these penetrating bodies then become rotating bodies modes be infected or so with suitable other constructions be let  and the penetrating body rotating bodies preferably have an annular shape, the inner and outer ring diameter prince can be arbitrary, and the ring cross section can in principle be arbitrary can, but preferably a regular cross section having, e.g. B. a circular or part-circular Has cross-section, or has a rectangular cross-section, as well as the number and Arrangement of the axes of rotation of the rotating body forming, rotational body can be arbitrary e.g. B. also so that several rotational bodies per Ro tion axis may be present however, preferably ordered and limited in number is and the whole construction, d. H. the penetration body held and guided by suitable elements will, preferably so that the whole construction if necessary. partially or largely or completely covered becomes through a preferably largely transparent Cover, which are preferably largely or partially or Completely form-fitting to the respective turning path adapts to the respective rotating bodies,  so that this transparent construction and / or can take on a management function where necessary. in this transparent "envelope" or "Partial envelope" also guideways corresponding to z. B. the tongue and groove principle can be attached and that if necessary. also on the transparent over roof can be dispensed with, e.g. B. in that the rotating body after the groove Spring principle can be held and guided or z. B. ge in a T or L-shaped bracket hold and can be led and these holding and guiding elements in ent speaking on the penetrating bodies, as well as at a suitable point in the respective shoot track are attached, preferably in the location of the center of the rotating body or other holding and guiding structures possible are and if necessary. in a variant, the rotating body characteristic shape of penetrating bodies lose and z. B. assume a spherical shape can, preferably so that they are in the rotation Lanes described body can run and if necessary. can also be led e.g. B. by suitable guide elements.   28. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the rotating body in characteristic trajectories run, and these trajectories at characteristic locations to guide ways modes can be fected so that in this leadership then pave the appropriate leadership elements of each because the rotating body can run these guide elements z. B. according to the known Tongue and groove principle or T- or L-shaped or otherwise be formed. 29. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the rotating body characteristic locations from a trajectory one Axis of rotation into another trajectory of another Axis of rotation can be transferred.   30. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that if necessary. also on the no practical shaping of the guideways can be, especially when using "Stencils"; however, preferably guideways are formed which are then preferably characteristic Locations (depending on the respective construction) run in such a way that some or groups some or more or all of the guideways in the transparent outer shell, preferably wise as recesses, as well as some of the leadership tracks are assigned to another level (cf. corresponding figures, cf. Description). 31. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that the rotating body points preferably have guide elements in the area of the respective body center (see. Examples Fig. 19a, b, c and 20a, b, c). 32. Rotary toy according to claim 1 to 31, characterized in that the rotating body can also run completely in circular-shaped paths ( Fig. 7, 8, 21, 25) and these paths intersect or touch or group according to the penetrating rotating bodies described Cut or touch wisely. 33. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that the penetrating bodies are modified to rotary bodies, preferably so that they according to the tongue and groove principle ( Fig. 22: area NF ; Fig. 23, 24 accordingly) held or led. 34. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the rotating body is held and guided in the lower part (housing, base element or the like.) ( Fig. 22, 23, 24: part UT) ( Fig. 4, 5th ; Figure 6 is designed as an intermediate part 18). 35. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the number of mutually penetrating rotating bodies ( Fig. 21, Fig. 7, 8 corresponding) is in principle arbitrary, but preferably limited. 36. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that the arrangement of the axes of rotation is in principle arbitrary, but preferably ordered ( Fig. 7, 8, 21, 25). 37. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 36, characterized in that - comparable to FIG. 21 - all rotating bodies located in the respective circular rings can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation, preferably step by step (in the example of FIG. 21 preferably in 60 Degree steps). 38. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that if necessary. in addition to the rotations of the rotating bodies in the circular rings, at least one inner circle can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation, in the example preferably the inner circular content of the associated inner residual body (RKi = residual body inside). 39. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 38, characterized in that for rotating the inner circle, preferably using only the inner circle content ( Fig. 21, belonging to the area RKi ge), the circle content, preferably completely, preferably with one underground rotatably ge superimposed further circuit (Fig. 23: part UK (= lower circle) corresponding to FIG. 24) can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation (DA), preferably stepwise, wherein the step elements by steps (Fig. 23 : Part SE ; Fig. 24 accordingly) can be determined. 40. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that the rotating body also in, preferably transparent or largely see through or partially see through, Guiding and holding elements guided and held can be.   41. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 40, characterized in that these leadership and Holding elements in principle largely ge can be shaped, but preferably z. B. plan are or are wholly or partially tunnel-like, so e.g. B. a largely rectangular tunnel cross-section or an arcuate cross-section or a round cross cut or some other shape. 42. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the rotating body in front are preferably shaped so that the surface Ge velvet contour is largely smooth, d. H. the sum all rotating bodies largely result in a smooth upper area. 43. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 42, characterized in that the surface of the Rotating body largely or partially or in some Areas or groups of some of the rotating bodies or they can all be shaped differently on the surface can, e.g. B. projections or recesses for can have better manual attack.   44. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that some or all or some or all of the rotating bodies in groups can have suitable devices at characteristic locations for the non-positive engagement of a suitable device, so that the rotating bodies are uniform and at the same time in an orderly manner can be rotated about the respective axis of rotation; that can e.g. B. by a suitable device as shown in Fig. 3 and 9 (mobile stencils) (in Fig. 12 is a mobile stencil in use Darge provides), are performed. (Correspondingly ver comparable devices are shown in Fig. 4: Part Z represents a peg-shaped projection of this template-like device; Fig. 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 are corresponding). 45. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 44, characterized in that in the case when some of the rotating bodies or all or some of the rotating bodies have devices for non-positive engagement at characteristic locations, a rotating template-like device is present for these rotating bodies allows a torque-proof attack on the relevant axis of rotation, this template-like construction if necessary. be anchored stationary in the subsurface (in the lower part, base part, housing or the like) ( Fig. 4: part S ; likewise corresponding to Fig. 5; Fig. 6: part So (= template above) and part Su (= template below ) 13, 14 (part of S 1 and S 2;;). Fig. 17, 18), but rotations around the respective axis of rotation are possible, or it may be a mobile stencil-like structure the rotating force-locking engagement enable (Fig. 3, 9; in Fig. 12 in use represents Darge). 46. rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that z. B. in a construction on the rotating body in the arrangement according to z. B. 25, the circular rings can be rotated (comparative bar with Fig. 21) and in addition not only some of the circle content (see. Fig. 21) but all circle content, constructed as a rotating body can be rotated against each other (group-specific) Fig. . 47. Rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 46, characterized in that these rotating bodies with mobile or stationary or in groups or mobile and fixed "templates" around the ever because the axis of rotation can be rotated. 48. rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 47, characterized in that z. B. only the - belonging to the outer circles and circular rings ( Fig. 25) - rotating bodies are rotated about the relevant axes of rotation, and the rotating bodies of the inner circle and circular ring are rotated by rotations around the outer axes of rotation (e.g. Fig. 25). 49. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized in that in groups for some of the axes of rotation or several or all of the Rotary axes "templates" for turning the rotating bodies or some of the rotating bodies can be used.   50. rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 49, characterized in that these templates so probably from above as well as from below can attack the rotating body. 51. rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that z. B. only the inner circles or some of the inner circles with "Scha blonen" are rotated (z. B. according to Fig. 25). 52. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 51, characterized in that the rotating body or some of the rotating bodies in groups from above and / or twisted in groups from below with "templates" will. 53. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 52, characterized in that z. B. three of the circles and circular rings ( Fig. 25) are rotated from below with "templates", and the other three of the circles and circular rings ( Fig. 25) are rotated from above with "templates", preferably so that these " Stencils "do not prevent each other in the function, z. B. in that only every second of these circles and circular rings are rotated from below and the others from above about the respective axis of rotation. 54. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 53, characterized in that the rotatable circles and circular rings from below ver then preferably in the feasible area (ie mutual functional impairment must not take place) with "saucers" (see. Fig. 23, 24th ) can be rotated around its own axis. 55. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 54, characterized in that the described grouped arrangements of the "stencils" and the "saucers" (eg FIGS. 23, 24) can in principle be transferred to any other rotating body arrangement. 56. rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 55, characterized in that the "stencils" can be integrated into the "saucer" (see. Fig. 23, 24). 57. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 56, characterized in that the template-like structures preferably for manual attack have a handle (or the like), which is preferably shaped differently, depending on whether pulled ( Fig. 6 (part 15 ), Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 18) or pressed ( Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 (part 2 ), Fig. 9, Fig. 12, Fig. 17) got to. 58. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 57, characterized in that the templates rever sibel in or attached to the rotating body can become a temporary torque. 59. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 58, characterized in that for the transmission of the torque during rotary movements suitable connecting elements ensure non-positivity (z. B. Fig. 13: the pin-shaped projection Z of the template-like construction S engages in the recess A of the rotary body DK when the template S is pressed into the structure along the axis of rotation on the handle HGd ; other figures apply analogously). 60. rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 59, characterized in that in a modified form these stencils are also available for 3-D rotating toys are reversible.   61. Claim, characterized in that for the rotation of rotating bodies template-like constructions are used that can rotate the rotating bodies of the respective rotating axes in a regulated, orderly manner simultaneously or in groups at the same time, in a regulated or orderly manner, in a regulated or orderly manner, in a regulated or ordered manner Axis of rotation ( Fig. 3; 4, 5: part S ; Fig. 6: part So and Su ; Fig. 9, 12, 13: each part S ; Fig. 14 parts S 1 and S 2 ; Fig. 17,18: Part S) . 62. Rotary toy according to claims 1 to 61, characterized in that by suitable step elements (e.g. Fig. 2; Fig. 4: part VZo (= toothing above) and VZu (= toothing below); Fig. 6: Part 6 and 14 ; Fig. 13, 17, 18: Part SE) the stencil-like Ge form (S) either when moving into the rotary body or when returning to the rest position assume predetermined positions, which are characterized in that they determine Describe rotary step width (angle), so z. B. occur regularly every 60 degrees or every 90 degrees (or similar), so that the pin-like projections (Z) of the template-like structures (S) always exactly the corresponding recesses (A) of the rotating body (DK) (example: Fig. 19a and 20a: hit part A (= recess). 63. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 62, characterized in that the "templates" preferably largely in the rotating body area are completely or partially transparent to the Insight on the respective rotating body not to be prevent. 64. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 63, characterized in that when using rotary aids ("saucer" and "saucer": see description, including to Fig. 25, pp 34 and 35), at least the associated "top plate", which preferably hold the rotating body and if necessary. also take on management tasks, are largely or completely permanent or partially transparent so as not to obstruct the view of the respective rotating body. 65. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 64, characterized in that in this "upper plate" and "saucer" stencils that are integrated for non-positive attack on the rotating bodies be used.   66. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 65, characterized in that the "saucer" ( Fig. 23: part UK ; Fig. 24: part UK and UR) hold the rotating body of the rotating circle in question or hold in partial areas and during rotations about the respective axis of rotation the rotating bodies lying on or partially resting on this "saucer" are rotated about the relevant axis of rotation or are rotated under support, and / or that the stencils are integrated into this "saucer" (e.g. according to Fig. 13, 14) and in this way the rotating body and the respective "saucer" of the relevant axis of rotation are rotated about this. 67. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 66, characterized in that the mobile stencils can be formed into "double stencils" ( Fig. 14 shows, for example, a stationary "drawing stencil", which in a modified manner (cf. represents. FIG. 3, 9) to essentially a mobile "double printing template". 68. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 67, characterized in that the stencils preferably have handles that differ depending on use in stencils with handles for pulling (z. B. according to Fig. 6; part 15 ; Fig. 13: Part HGz ; Fig. 14: Part HG 1 and HG 2 ; Fig. 18: Part HG) and in templates with hand grips for pressing (e.g. Fig. 6: Part 2 ; Fig. 9: Part HG ; Fig. 12: Part HGd ; Fig. 17: Part HG) . 69. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 68, characterized in that the stencil rotation axis always meets the respective axis of rotation by a suitable device, in the case of the mobile Scha blonen z. B. by a suitable centering device (z. B. according to Fig. 9: part MZ (= central pin); z. Fig. 12: part 25 is zen trated in the recess 26 ). 70. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 69, characterized in that - preferably when using a mobile template - for the purpose of orderly rotations about the respective axes of rotation, the corresponding centering device (e.g. Fig. 3: part MZ ; Fig. 9) can always find the correct starting point for the (according to the respective construction) non-positive rotations at the same angles; e.g. B. is this Zentriervor direction (z. B. corresponding to Fig. 3, 9, 12) in essential areas as a square (in this case for a rotating body arrangement according to Fig. 15, 16) or as a hexagon (see. For example Fig. 1, 7, 8, 21, 25) shaped or otherwise as required (and the associated recess of course accordingly), so that the template can always engage at the same angles in the respective recesses of the rotating body. 71. Rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 70, characterized in that the templates for non-positive attack on the rotating bodies corresponding equivalent on or in the be have hitting rotating bodies, e.g. B. so that before jumps on the templates in corresponding Aus savings of the rotating body can intervene.