DE3627861C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE3627861C2 DE3627861C2 DE19863627861 DE3627861A DE3627861C2 DE 3627861 C2 DE3627861 C2 DE 3627861C2 DE 19863627861 DE19863627861 DE 19863627861 DE 3627861 A DE3627861 A DE 3627861A DE 3627861 C2 DE3627861 C2 DE 3627861C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- substances
- white
- cellulose
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
Das Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung ist die Herstellung von weißtorfartigen Bodenverbesserungsmitteln aus lignocellu losehaltigen Materialien.The field of application of the invention is the production of white peat-like soil conditioners made from lignocellu loose materials.
Torf entsteht durch die natürliche Verrottung von Lignocel lulose. Dabei wird die Cellulose durch Mikroorganismen zu erst in oligo- und monomere Zucker umgewandelt, die dann von anderen Mikroorganismen in CO2 und Wasser zerlegt werden. Als Nebenprodukt dieser Umsetzung entstehen Huminsäuren. Die Biomasse dieser Mikroorganismen dient dann als Nahrung für Kleinlebewesen. So besteht der fertige Torf hauptsächlich aus Lignin und anderen schwer angreifbaren Verbindungen sowie aus Huminsäureprodukten, die ebenfalls nicht wasserlöslich sind. Die Verrottungsgeschwindigkeit ist abhängig von der Temperatur und der Feuchtigkeit. Der Prozeß dauert gewöhn lich viele Jahre bzw. Jahrzehnte. Die Zersetzung der Cellu lose führt zur Veränderung der Struktur der Stoffe. Die Festigkeit wird erheblich reduziert.Peat is created by the natural rotting of lignocel lulose. Microorganisms first convert the cellulose into oligomeric and monomeric sugars, which are then broken down into CO 2 and water by other microorganisms. Humic acids are a by-product of this reaction. The biomass of these microorganisms then serves as food for small organisms. The finished peat consists mainly of lignin and other difficult to attack compounds as well as humic acid products, which are also not water-soluble. The rate of rotting depends on the temperature and the humidity. The process usually takes many years or decades. The decomposition of the cellulose changes the structure of the fabrics. The strength is significantly reduced.
Da der Torfabbau einerseits große ökologische Schäden mit sich bringt und die Torfvorräte andererseits immer knapper werden, sucht man seit einigen Jahren nach Ersatzprodukten. Es sind sogenannte Kompostierverfahren bekannt, bei denen Baumrinde und andere pflanzliche Abfälle kompostiert werden. Dabei wird die Aktivität der Mikroorganismen durch Zugabe von Nährstoffen, wie z. B. Harnstoff, erhöht. Es sind auch Verfahren bekannt, bei denen die Stoffe zuerst thermisch oder chemothermisch vorbehandelt und dann kompostiert werden. Die Geschwindigkeit der Kompostierung ist abhängig von Tem peratur, Feuchtigkeit und Nährstoffmenge. Der Prozeß dauert zwischen 6 Wochen und 15 Monaten. Die Produkte haben einen hohen Biomasseanteil und sind je nach Dauer der Verrottung noch aktiv. Sie können entweder als Komposte und Humusdünger oder nach Zugabe von Torf als sogenannte Kultursubstrate ein gesetzt werden. Den Weißtorf mit seiner Funktion als aus schließlich physikalisch wirkendes Bodenverbesserungsmittel können sie nicht ersetzen. Because the peat mining has great ecological damage brings itself and the peat stocks on the other hand increasingly scarce have been looking for replacement products for several years. So-called composting processes are known in which Tree bark and other vegetable waste are composted. The activity of the microorganisms is increased of nutrients such as B. urea, increased. They are too Processes known in which the substances are first thermally or pretreated chemothermally and then composted. The speed of composting depends on the tem temperature, moisture and amount of nutrients. The process is ongoing between 6 weeks and 15 months. The products have one high proportion of biomass and depending on the duration of the rotting still active. You can use it as either compost and humus fertilizer or after adding peat as a so-called culture substrate be set. The white peat with its function as out finally, physical soil improver cannot replace them.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt deshalb folgende Aufgabe zugrunde:The present invention therefore has the following object based on:
Es soll ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von weißtorfartigen Bodenverbesserungsmitteln aus leicht verfügbaren lignocel lulosehaltigen Materialien angegeben werden, das leicht steuerbar ist, schnell und mit einem hohen Mechanisierungs grad realisiert werden kann.It is said to be a process for producing white peat-like Soil improvers made from readily available lignocel Lulose-containing materials can be specified that easily is controllable, quickly and with a high level of mechanization degree can be realized.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 ge löst. Die Erfindung weist gegenüber den obengenannten Kom postierverfahren folgende Vorteile auf:This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 solves. The invention has compared to the above Kom the following advantages:
- 1. Durch eine definierte, partielle Hydrolyse mit anschlie ßender Extraktion der gelösten Bestandteile wird ein Pro dukt gewonnen, das nach einer Zerfaserung dem Torf in seiner chemischen Zusammensetzung und seiner Struktur so wie in seinen physikalischen Eigenschaften sehr ähnlich ist.1. By a defined, partial hydrolysis followed by The extraction of the dissolved components becomes a pro product won, which after a defibration into the peat in its chemical composition and structure like this as very similar in its physical properties is.
- 2. Die extrahierten Stoffe können zu wertvollen Nebenpro dukten, wie Harzen, Spezialzuckern, Protein oder Äthanol aufbereitet werden, so daß die Wertschöpfung beträchtlich erhöht wird.2. The extracted substances can be valuable side pro products such as resins, special sugars, protein or ethanol be processed so that the added value is considerable is increased.
- 3. Der Prozeß dauert insgesamt nur etwa 1 Stunde.3. The process only takes about 1 hour in total.
- 4. Es können alle cellulosehaltigen Roh- und Reststoffe ver wendet werden.4. All cellulose-containing raw materials and residues can be used be applied.
Laubholz soll zu einem weißtorfähnlichen Bodenverbesserungs mittel verarbeitet werden. Das Holz wird zuerst gehäckselt. Die Hackspäne haben ähnliche Dimensionen wie die bei der Zellstoffproduktion.Hardwood is said to be a white peat-like soil improvement be processed medium. The wood is chopped first. The chips have dimensions similar to that of the Pulp production.
Sie werden nach Zugabe einer Säure auf Temperaturen über 100°C erhitzt. Nach einer bestimmten Verweilzeit, deren Länge von der Höhe der Temperatur abhängt, werden zuerst die flüchtigen Bestandteile mit Dampf und dann die gelösten Bestandteile mit Wasser extrahiert und abgetrennt.They will heat up to temperatures after adding an acid Heated to 100 ° C. After a certain dwell time, whose Length depends on the level of temperature, first the volatile components with steam and then the dissolved Ingredients extracted with water and separated.
Nach dieser Extraktion haben die ungelösten Stoffe immer noch die Struktur der Holzspäne. Sie werden dann in einer Mühle grob zerfasert.After this extraction, the undissolved substances always have nor the structure of the wood chips. You will then be in one Mill roughly frayed.
Das Produkt ist in seiner Struktur und seiner Zusammen setzung dem Weißmoortorf sehr ähnlich und kann diesen als physikalisches Bodenverbesserungsmittel voll ersetzen.The product is in its structure and together setting very similar to the white moor peat and can be used as Fully replace physical soil conditioner.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863627861 DE3627861A1 (en) | 1986-08-16 | 1986-08-16 | Process for the production of peat-like products from lignocellulose-containing substances |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863627861 DE3627861A1 (en) | 1986-08-16 | 1986-08-16 | Process for the production of peat-like products from lignocellulose-containing substances |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3627861A1 DE3627861A1 (en) | 1988-02-25 |
DE3627861C2 true DE3627861C2 (en) | 1988-12-22 |
Family
ID=6307559
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863627861 Granted DE3627861A1 (en) | 1986-08-16 | 1986-08-16 | Process for the production of peat-like products from lignocellulose-containing substances |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3627861A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4023568A1 (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1992-01-30 | Hans Dipl Ing Knauth | Prepn. of sugar-contg. soil improvement agent and erosion protector - by partially hydrolysing ligno-cellulose contg. material, neutralising acids and then pulping or further chipping solids |
EP0923854A2 (en) | 1997-12-20 | 1999-06-23 | Preussag AG | Process and device for making a high value peat substitute |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4134909C1 (en) * | 1991-10-23 | 1993-02-11 | Knauth, Hans, Dipl.-Ing., 7758 Meersburg, De | White peat substitute prodn. from waste paper - by pulping paper in water, pressing, forming into coarse fibres and drying |
DE4206548A1 (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-09-09 | Horst A Dr Reinheimer | Mulch for spreading on forest soil, fields, etc. to increase soil pH - contains cellulose@ fibres from used paper, lignin, straw, clay, lime and fertiliser additives |
DE4332393C2 (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1996-01-25 | Hans Roesch | Process for stabilizing plant nutrients |
DE102021117656A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | Geltz Umwelttechnologie GmbH | Process and arrangement for producing a peat substitute from a fibrous suspension |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH277993A (en) * | 1948-06-08 | 1951-09-30 | Nowak Alfred Ing Dr | Process for the production of molded bodies from substances containing lignocellulose. |
FI46089B (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1972-08-31 | Olavi Erland Helasti | |
DE2230503A1 (en) * | 1972-06-22 | 1974-01-10 | Heinz Herbst | Peat-like fibrous product - from fir-tree bark |
-
1986
- 1986-08-16 DE DE19863627861 patent/DE3627861A1/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4023568A1 (en) * | 1990-07-25 | 1992-01-30 | Hans Dipl Ing Knauth | Prepn. of sugar-contg. soil improvement agent and erosion protector - by partially hydrolysing ligno-cellulose contg. material, neutralising acids and then pulping or further chipping solids |
EP0923854A2 (en) | 1997-12-20 | 1999-06-23 | Preussag AG | Process and device for making a high value peat substitute |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3627861A1 (en) | 1988-02-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
D2 | Grant after examination | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: VOITH PAPER PATENT GMBH, 89522 HEIDENHEIM, DE |
|
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: VOITH PATENT GMBH, 89522 HEIDENHEIM, DE |