DE3501633A1 - Open hearth for solid fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an open hearth for solid fuels with side walls, rear wall, heating gas collector and, fastened on the front ends of the side walls, of the base plate and of the upper casing, a door frame, in particular for a living room. The features have the following combination, namely: a. a vertically guided, one-part sliding door (2) with a glass pane; b. a firmly adjustable deflection plate (39) with variable opening cross-section in the upper region of the waste gas flow of the heating gas collector (38); c. a throttle flap (42) which is arranged behind the deflection plate (39) in terms of flow and which is opened or closed by the door movement; d. a primary-air flap (46) which is arranged in front of the combustion chamber bottom (32), lies under a standing grate (46), extends across the front width, is opened or closed by the door movement and is connected to the outside air by an air duct; e. a controllable primary-air flap (36) which lies under the combustion chamber bottom and is arranged in an air duct connected to the outside air. The throttle flap (42) can be actuated by an adjusting lever (43), which is guided to the upper part of the door frame, with the aid of the sliding door (2), the throttle flap (42) being opened when the door is opened and closed again when the door is closed. The primary-air flap (37), arranged in front of the combustion chamber bottom (31), for opening and closing the same has a ... Original abstract incomplete. <IMAGE>

Description

DESCRIPTION:

The invention relates to an open fireplace for solid fuels with Side walls, back wall, gas collector and one at the front ends of the side walls, the base plate and the upper panel attached door frames, especially for a living room.

When burning various solid fuels, such as ; Wood and brown or hard coal are subject to different combustion conditions, so that the open fireplace also have air ducts adapted to the fuel should to ensure economical, safe and continuous operation. For better control of the air flow and for other reasons, it is known To provide open chimneys with sliding doors, where these are guided in rails and remain in every opening position with the help of counterweights can. These known doors are moved tangentially to the door frame, thereby significant Frictional loads on the door frame seals occur. The wear of the seals is relatively large, so that they have to be replaced from time to time. Around To be able to close such doors tightly, an additional locking system must be used be attached.

On the other hand, doors are also known which are perpendicular to the Let the door frame open. The seals are not particularly stressed here, however, when the door is opened, an additional negative pressure is created, which creates smoke gases can be pulled into the living space.

If the door of an open amine is used, for example, to refill Fuel open, this results in immediately changed air flow conditions during the OPENING process, which must be balanced or compensated in such a way that the penetration of smoke or exhaust gases in the living space is prevented. Depending on the type of fuel used, In addition, further measures must also be taken during opening not to cause any danger.

In the case of chimneys, it is also known to have a manually operated one in the exhaust duct Throttle valve and one from fland in the area below the combustion chamber floor or to provide adjustable air flap with the help of a thermostat.

The invention is based on the task of controlling the air and Exhaust gas routing with the help of the throttle and air flaps in combination and dependent from the position of the sliding door and with the help of the same /. you can, to use different solid racing materials with absolute functional reliability to be able to, furthermore a much higher Iieizleistungs through a better Control of the combustion air is to be achieved.

This object is achieved according to the invention in the case of the introduction listed fireplace by the combination of the following features, namely by a. a vertically guided, one-piece sliding door with a glass pane; b. a firmly adjustable one Prail plate with adjustable opening cross-section, arranged in the upper area the exhaust gas flow of the heating gas collector; c. one behind the baffle plate in terms of flow arranged throttle valve, which is opened or closed by the movement of the door; d. one arranged in front of the testicle and lying under a standing grate Primary air flap that extends across the width of the front and is opened by the movement of the door or is closed and which is connected to the Arisscnult by an air duct is, and by e. a controllable primary air flap located under the combustion chamber floor, which is arranged in an i-ft duct connected to the outside air.

According to the invention, the sliding door has at the top and bottom their vertical side part each have a guide pin, each pin is guided in its own rail fixed in the door frame.

In a further development of the invention point to the guidance of the two lower Bolts of the sliding door under the rails fastened in the door frame An angle of preferably 5 "to the vertical door sealing frame directed rail track on, and the adjoining, vertically oriented rail track is with a Provided length, which corresponds to the distance between the bolts on a door side panel.

Accordingly wesen to guide the two upper bolts of the sliding door the upper rails fixed in the door frame at an angle of preferably 450 to the vertical door sealing frame directed rail track, the height of the upper end of the lower rail line starts, whereby the adjoining, vertically directed track of a short length in a sloping backwards running rail track passes over with a greater length, and the sum of these Lengths corresponds to the distance between the bolts on a door side panel.

To guide the two lower bolts of the sliding door out of their each lower rail track this advantageously has a at its upper end forward gerich.l.ctc opening.

To ensure that the throttle valve opens automatically In a further development of the invention, the throttle valve by a to the upper part of the Door frame-guided adjusting lever designed to be actuatable with the aid of the sliding door, such that when the door is opened, the throttle valve is opened and when the door is closed Door is closed again.

The primary air flap located in front of the combustion chamber floor can be opened and closing the same has, after the connection, a reversing lever, which cooperates with a pin arranged at about 450 on the lower part of the sliding door, such that the primary air flap is opened when the door is opened and when the door is closed is closed again.

The primary air flap located under the firebox floor, which is located in an air duct connected to the outside air, is according to the invention Designed to be controllable via a thermostat or by hand.

In the upper part of the sliding door is also advantageously a adjustable air supply slot arranged.

The invention is based on the drawings, in which an embodiment the invention is illustrated, explained in more detail. They show: FIG. 1 a perspective Representation of a door frame with door in the half-open state, in a schematic representation; FIG. 2 shows a side view of a sliding door according to FIG. 1 with the door closed; FIG. 3 shows a corresponding view according to FIG. 2 with the door half open; FIGURE 4 a side view of Figure 2 with the door fully open; FIGURE 5 is a cross section by an open fireplace, equipped for wood fire, with a sliding door in the closed State, in a schematic representation; FIGURE 6 is a cross section through an open chimney according to Figure 5, with a sliding door in the open state, in a schematic representation; FIGURE 7 shows a cross section through an open chimney, equipped for coal fire, with a sliding door when closed, in schematic Depiction; FIG. 8 shows a cross section through an open chimney according to FIG. 7, with a sliding door in the open area, in a schematic representation; and FIGURE 9 is a perspective illustration of an adjustable baffle plate.

FIG. 1 shows the lift-and-slide door in its perspective representation 1 with its door 2 in a half-open position. The side parts of the door frame 3 consist of a lower longitudinal part 4, which with the lower sealing element 5 is connected, the vertically arranged lower side parts 6 and 7, which with the upper ones at an angle of about 100 to the vertical Side parts 8 and 9 are connected. At its two upper ends of the side panels 8 and -9 of the door frame 3 are each provided with a pulley 10 and 11, with the help of which a cable 12 and 13 can be deflected, with one end of the rope train 12, the door 2 and with the other end of the same a counterweight 14 is connected.

In a corresponding manner are with the cable 13 at one end Door 2 and at the other end a balance weight 15 connected. The weights 14 and 15 counterbalance the weight of the door 2 so that it can be in any position within the door frame can remain.

Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the lift and slide door 1 in side view, wherein in Figure 2 the door 2 is closed, in Figure 3 in half-open and in Figure 3 is shown in the open position.

The door frame 3 is provided with four bolts, one of which is the bolt 16 and 17 from FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 can be identified.

To guide the two lower bolts of the door, of which only the bolt 17, the lower rails 20 fastened in the door frame 3 have a directed at an angle of preferably 450 to the vertical door sealing frame Track 21 on. The subsequent, vertically directed ski strand is provided with a length which corresponds to the distance between the bolts 16, 17 on a door side part 18 corresponds.

To guide the two upper bolts of the door, of which only the bolt 18 is shown, the upper rails 19 fastened in the door frame 3 have a directed at an angle of preferably 450 to the vertical door sealing frame Rail line 22, which is level with the upper end of the lower rail line 20 attaches, with the subsequent, vertically directed rail track one short length 1 in a sloping rear track with a Length L passes over, and the sum of these lengths the distance between the bolts 16,17 on a Door side part speaks.

To lead out the two lower bolts L7 of the door from their respective lower rail track 20, this has a forward-facing at its upper end Opening up.

To open the door, it is slightly under an upward facing Angle of approx. 450 pulled forward and then moved upwards. Conditional thanks to its counterweights, the door can remain in any position without that some guidelines must be used.

If the door is to be folded out for cleaning, for example it is raised completely. In this position are the lower ones Bolt 17 in front of the opening 23 in the upper end of the lower rail 20, so that through a slight pulling forward of the washer the bolts through the opening 23 out of the rail 20 can be performed. Due to the inclined guidance of the upper rail 19, the The door is now pulled down with the lower bolt disengaged and then folded down will. Since the upper bolts 16 of the door 3 remain in their own rail 19, which has no opening, the door 3 cannot fall out, but is through their top bolts continued to be held.

In this way, the inside of the washer can be used, for example Cleaning purposes can be achieved.

All bolts 16 and 17 are in their closed position the door in a sloping track 21 and 22. This has the consequence, that the door closes tightly without a lock, the door seals at The door can only be opened with pressure and is therefore extremely gently stressed. Self If there are pressure fluctuations in the chimney and thus in the combustion chamber, the door cannot opened unintentionally.

An open fireplace can be seen from Figures 5 and 6 as well as 7 and 8, which has the sliding door shown in Figures 1 to 4.

The chimney consists of a housing-30, in the lower part of which is the firebox floor 31 is made of fireclay. In the center of the furnace floor is a tilting cover 32 is let in, which is mounted on a fixed frame 55 is. Under the frame 55 a shaft 33 leads to a space 34 in which a removable ash pan 35 is located. In the back wall of the room 34 is a primary air flap controlled by a thermostat not shown in detail 36 available.

The upper front side of the space 34 is in the plane of the furnace floor provided with an air flap 37, which is actuated by the door 2 mounted in front of it as will be described in more detail elsewhere.

In the upper space of the housing 30 is the heating gas collector 38, in its upper region a fixed baffle plate 39 is arranged, which however, firmly adjustable openings 52, such that the effective cross-section permanently adjustable based on corresponding measurements according to the local conditions is.

The baffle plate 39 ensures a flow deflection into an area in which a heat exchanger 40 is located. The adjoining exhaust gas duct 41 can be shut off with a throttle valve 42 except for a small remaining area. the Throttle valve 42 is provided with an adjusting lever 43, which by the upper Exhaust duct 41 is led to the upper part of the door frame 3 and from the door 2 at Opening and closing the same is operated. Ilierzu is on the upper part the door 2 is a molded part 47, which at the same time to deflect the flow for the upper Opening 23 is used.

For the burning of coal, the tilting cover 32 is removed and and replaced by a coal basket 44, which can be seen from FIGS. This Coal basket is funnel-shaped and has a shaking door on its bottom part 45 off.

In both embodiments (see FIGS. 5 and 6 or 7 and 8) is located immediately next to the air flap 37 at the front end of the furnace floor 31 a slehrost 46 made of cast material, which extends over the entire width of the door 2. To open and close the air flap 37, the door 2 on the rail support 21 a pin 48 on which, when the door 2 is closed, on a Umlenkhebei 49 of the air flap 37 acts and the air flap 37 is actuated.

When the door 2 is lifted, gravity causes the opening process the air flap 37 and as soon as the pin 48 has released the lever 49 is the opening process ends. This process runs synchronously with the opening process the throttle valve 42 from.

FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the baffle plate 39, which is provided with OF openings 52. The size of the openings is determined by the implementation appropriate measurements adapted to the specific conditions and by not Metal.strips shown in more detail reduced in size.

The metal strips are attached to the elbows 50 and 51. The holding elements 53 serve to fasten the baffle plate in the upper part of the Heating gas collector 38 and on the holding elements 54, the adjusting lever 43 is movable stored.

With the invention it is ensured that when opening the door 2, for example to add fuel, such an air flow prevails, that the penetration of heating gases into the living space is prevented. So the flows out lower air flap 37 an already heated air, which rises and an air curtain forms.

At the same time, the throttle valve 42 is open, so that a sufficient Outflow is given. When the door 2 is closed, the throttle valve 42 and the The air cap 37 is closed and the opening 23 in the door 2 is opened. These conditions apply to both coal and wood burns.

When wood burns, there is an adequate supply of air. more closed Door only through the opening 23, as can be seen from FIG. The tilting lid 32 is closed, so that the wood only from the front and partly from above with secondary air is flowed against.

This results in a continuous and calm burn-off and thus ensures a high level of efficiency.

To burn coal rd the tilting cover 32 removed and through the Coal basket 44 replaced, which has a shaking grate 45 at the lower end.

There is thus a connection via the controlled primary air flap 36 to the outside for the entry of primary air. The coal burn-up therefore takes place through a thermostatically controlled supply of primary air from below and through the Air opening 23 from the front and partially from above, so that also in this case a Sufficiently dimensioned air supply given and a high degree of efficiency with absolute Functional reliability is guaranteed.

In all cases, when the door is opened 2 a 1 le measures are automatic carried out that are necessary for the changed air conditions to guarantee safe exhaust gas and air flows.

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Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS Open fireplace for solid fuels with side walls, Back wall, hot gas collector and one at the front ends of the side walls, the base plate and the upper panel attached door frame, especially for a space, characterized by the following combination: a. a vertically ringed, one-piece Sliding door (2) with glass pane; b. a fixed adjustable baffle plate (39) with changeable Opening cross-section in the upper region of the exhaust gas flow of the heating gas collector (38); c. a throttle valve (42) arranged behind the baffle plate (39) in terms of flow, which are opened or closed by the door movement is closed; d. one arranged in front of the firebox floor (31) and the primary air flap located under a standing rose (46) and extending across the width of the front (37), which are opened or closed by the movement of the door. is closed and which through an air duct (34) with the outside air connected isl; e. a controllable primary air flap located under the firebox floor (31) (36), which is arranged in an air duct (34) connected to the outside air. 2. Open fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the Sliding door (2) at the top and bottom of its vertical side part (18), respectively has a guide pin (16 or 17), each pin in one in the door frame attached own rail (19 or 20) is performed. 3. Open fireplace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to guide the two lower bolts (17) of the sliding door (2) the lower ones in the door frame (3) attached rails (20) one at an angle of preferably 45 "to the vertical Door sealing frame directed rail track (21), and the adjoining, vertically directed rail track is provided with a length which corresponds to the distance the bolt (16, 17) on a Türse.iterlLe.il corresponds to (: 4. Open fireplace according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that for guiding the two upper bolts (16) the sliding door (2) the upper rails (19) fastened in the door frame (3) one below An angle of preferably 450 to the vertical door sealing frame directed rail track (22) which attaches at the level of the upper end of the lower rail line (20), the adjoining, vertically directed rail track of a short length in a sloping backward running rail track with a greater length passes over, and the sum of these lengths is the distance between the bolts (16) on a Türsei.t. Teil is equivalent to. 5. Open fireplace according to claim 1 or one of the preceding, characterized characterized in that for leading out the two lower bolts (16,17) of the sliding door (2) from their respective lower rail track this one at its upper end has front opening - (23). 6. Open fireplace according to claim 1 or one of the preceding, characterized characterized in that the throttle valve (& 2) by a to the upper part of the'Türframe guided adjusting lever (43) with the help of the sliding door (2) can be actuated in the When the door is opened, the throttle valve (42) is opened and again when the door is closed is closed. 7. Open fireplace according to claim 1 or one of the preceding, characterized characterized in that the primary air flap arranged in front of the furnace floor (31) (37) for opening and closing the same has a reversing lever (49) which cooperates with a pin (48) arranged under 450 on the lower part of the sliding door (2), such that when the door is opened, the primary air flap (37) is opened and when it is closed is closed again. 8. Open fireplace according to claim 1 or one of the preceding, characterized characterized in that the primary air flap arranged under the furnace floor, which in an air franal connected to the outside air, via a thermostat or is designed to be controllable by hand. 9. Open fireplace according to claim or one of the preceding, characterized characterized in that in the upper part of the sliding door (2) an adjustable air supply slot ('3) is arranged.