DE3447115A1 - Combustion engine as free piston engine with crankshaft drive by way of an elliptical yoke - Google Patents

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

Reciprocating piston machine with elliptical yoke for power transmission

transmission to a power-emitting shaft (crankshaft) in internal combustion engines conventional design with piston and crankshaft with the interposition of a The basic structural dimensions of the connecting rod are always fixed, and always in the ratio 1 1.57.

This relationship results from the stroke - 1 and the crank circle = ½ x # = 1.57. This construction principle can never be used in a conventional motor Due to this construction principle, however, a four-stroke engine does not only approx. 1200 angular movements with a total of 7200 angular movements, i.e. two rotations, Power gained, that means: 1 part work of the gas on the engine and 5 parts work of the engine on the gas @ In a two-stroke engine of conventional design, this is called Ratio 1: 2.0.

Part of these values is the low efficiency of utilization the calorific value of the fuel used, be it gasoline or diesel, can be read off.

In addition, there are the high speeds, which lead to an increasingly poor performance Cause burns. Furthermore, the internal friction losses lead to another Decrease in efficiency. The amount of internal frictional losses is not exactly too determine. The largest item in this calculation, however, is the piston tilt.

If indifferent to a conventional internal combustion engine whether 4-stroke or 2-stroke engine - only an efficiency of approx. 35% of the one used Fuel, these values are very poor and substantial due to the imperfect construction principle.

The invention presented and referred to here eliminates some sources of loss by changing the construction principle.

The most important change is the arrangement of two pistons on one common fixed piston rod with interposed yoke in the shape of an ellipse. This arrangement eliminates the need to tilt the piston and the associated losses.

The accelerated mass of the piston with piston rod and Soch becomes at the same time used again to generate the flushing and compression in the second Dead center to be accelerated again by the ignition taking place here So hir the advantages of a free piston engine with the advantages of a crankshaft drive (highest mechanical power transmission) connected with each other in the most sensible way. The omission of the connecting rod leads to a further reduction in internal losses, since there is no longer any deflection of the force flow from the straight line.

The most important improvement, however, is direct power transmission through a crankshaft journal bearing on the crankshaft through the elliptical However, this ellipse with a ratio of 1: 2 is used for a crankshaft journal bearing circle diameter from e.g. 200 mm the piston stroke halved to 100 mm! This will increase the torque - theoretically - doubled, without additional fuel consumption, because the calorific value as already stated, only about 35% are used.

At the same time, this means halving the mean piston speed and thus a halving of the dynamic inertia forces. By halving the burning time is doubled and thus a much better use of the fuel achieved.

The execution of the yoke in the shape of an ellipse results from the movement criteria of a reciprocating piston, if you look at an engine in the direction of the crankshaft axis, you can see there is an upward and downward movement of the piston when moving with a standstill in the upper position and lower dead center, called OT and UT. ei appears in the same slick direction the movement of the crankshaft journal as a uniform circular movement.

If you now do the same movements perpendicular to the crankshaft axis viewed, one sees two completely identical movements, namely two up and down Downward movements with TDC and BDC and the point of highest speed (90 ° resp. 270 ° position).

From this point of view it follows that the true acceleration curve lies in the middle between these two forms of movement of the crankshaft journal. This is a squashed circle, namely an ellipse.

However, if the ellipse is the actual acceleration curve of the crankshaft journal is, then an ellipse arranged by 90 ° da @@ of the same rröQie and form @i e must be adequate Be a complement to this! The grid of the enclosing squares of a circle (7) in the 10 ° system are created in this way 4 x 9 differently large squares and 4 x 72 rectangles of different sizes. The squares appear all on the diagonals.

In the 00 point (OT) there is a vertical movement, but only a transverse movement. Likewise at the 180 ° point (UT).

At the 90 ° and 270 ° point there is no transverse movement, only one vertical movement instead.

At points 450, 1350, 2250 and 31o, i.e. on the diagonals, are Lateral movement and vertical movement are the same.

So there is a tilt of the movement every 450, in total So eight times, this change (or tilting) of the transition from 0% to 100% lateral movement and from 100% to 0% transverse news, as well as congruently from 100% to 0% vertical Movement and from 0% to 100% vertical movement take place in opposite directions, consequently must have a second in a cycle in an engine with piston crankshaft drive Be present, which is also arranged in opposite directions, namely around 900 displaced! Only the arrangement of two ellipses makes sense.

Thus, the arrangement of the ellipse offset by 900 is the adequate, ideal movement line for the harmonious implementation of a straight movement in a circular motion.

Since in OT1 or OT2 there is no vertical movement of the crank shaft journal bearing takes place, but only a transverse movement, the flattened shape corresponds to a Ellipse of the weakening vertical movement as well as that of the amplifying one Lateral movement.

Due to the parabolic flattening of the running surface of the crankshaft apple bearing finds a braking of the Kolhen-yoke-unit up to OT1 corresponding to this curve or OT2 instead. When OT1 or OT2 pass, there is adequate acceleration! Tm point ^ O ° or 270Q 1 places the crankshaft journal bearing in the smallest circle point, because here there is only a vertical and no transverse movement. After @ urchleuf @ n At this point the crank pin bearing slides out of this position and goes into a progressive @nwachsonde transverse movement at OT2 or OT1, to then wior to go into the reverse sequence.

This arrangement eliminates the internal constraints of a reciprocating engine hordlicher @euweise aboarded.

This results in a number of advantages, which result in an essential Improvement of the performance data of the principle I found ur one such Represent engine.

A major factor is the degradation of the absolute as well of the specific consumption, like in connection with an extended and thus pre-improved combustion a significant reduction in the proportion of pollutants in the Exhaust.

Claims (5)

Expectations : 1. Reciprocating piston machine, not shown t by combining the following features: a. at least two diametrically opposite Cylinder (1) b. at least two pistons (2) on a common piston rod (3), which causes exactly one revolution of the crankshaft during a flopping stroke. c. at least one yes (4) that is exactly in the middle between the two Piston is arranged, the inner opening has the shape of an ellipse, the is arranged so that its axis A is offset by 900 to the direction of movement of the piston is arranged, d. at least one crankshaft journal bearing (R) that in the ellipse rotates and transfers the force generated by the piston to the crankshaft (6). e. at least one support bearing (7), each in OT1 and OT2 the Support of the piston-yoke unit takes over. f. at least two crankshaft pulleys (S), between which at least a crankshaft journal bearing (5) is firmly mounted and the guidance of at least one but (4) take over. 2. Reciprocating piston machine according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that at least two piston-cylinder pairs are combined into one structural unit due to an offset of the work act around 1800 to a mass balance to get. 3. reciprocating piston machine according to claim 2, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d more than two piston-cylinder pairs are combined into one structural unit be to a. to achieve greater performance, b, an even smoother run to be achieved by further dividing the offset in the work cycle. 4. Reciprocating piston engine with internal combustion according to claim 1, 2 and 3, by g e k e n n n 7 e i c h n e t that this he reciprocating piston engine for different Fuels such as: a. Gasoline b. Light oils c. Heavy oils d. Methanol e. Gases for coal dust can be used and interpreted. 5. Reciprocating piston machine with external combustion according to claim 1, 2 and 3, it is noted that this reciprocating piston engine is for operation can be used and designed with steam or hot gases.