DE3431196A1 - BUILDING - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a building with a with a translucent roof structure covered heated courtyard.

In such buildings, the inner courtyard is mostly used all the time, e.g. as a reception or ticket hall, exhibition room or the like. However, this requires air conditioning in the courtyard.

However, this is also required for the other rooms in the building.

The heating of the courtyard results from those mentioned at the beginning Buildings have the disadvantage that with heating devices that do not cause excessive drafts, the temperature in the courtyard is very unfavorable Distribution and the temperature is lowest near the ground and highest just below the roof structure. This heat potential is hardly used in the known buildings of this type. In addition, there are known buildings Problems even in summer, as the yard heats up strongly from the sun's rays and is therefore accordingly efficient Air conditioning systems must be provided in order to be able to ensure tolerable temperatures. However, this requires one accordingly high annual energy requirements for such buildings.

The aim of the invention is a building of the type mentioned above to propose in which these disadvantages are avoided and in the case of air conditioning with a low annual energy consumption that suffices is found.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the area between the building surrounding the courtyard and the roof structure, which preferably has a high level of heat reflection, with lockable ones openings is provided, and a heating device is arranged in the courtyard and / or in these an air conditioning device opens, with the walls surrounding the courtyard a

—2 —2

Thermal permeability of at least 2Wm K, preferably of at least

-2 -2

4Wm K, and possibly with openings to the Courtyard delimiting rooms are provided.

These measures ensure that when the courtyard is heated, the plug of warm air which forms when the openings are closed is used to heat the rooms surrounding the courtyard, this being done by heat transport through the walls. Furthermore, by opening and closing the openings in the area between the structure and the roof of the courtyard there is the possibility of ventilating the roof structure from below in summer to ensure that the plug of warm air that forms under the roof structure due to the sun's rays flows away is ensured. This also reduces the amount of energy required for air conditioning the building and the courtyard.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the roof structure can be raised and lowered. By this measure A particularly good ventilation under the roof structure is possible, whereby conditions can be achieved which correspond to those as they are given in buildings with uncovered courtyards.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the courtyard is provided with underfloor heating. This makes it possible to use such a static heating surface to cover the basic load for the heat demand and any Cover additional requirements by supplying heated air.

With a view to making good use of the heat retention of the under the roof structure forming plug of warm air, it is advantageous if the ratio of the area of the courtyard to that of the walls surrounding the courtyard at least 1: 1.5, preferably 1: up to 1: 3.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Included shows:

Figure 1 schematically shows a vertical section through

a building according to the invention and FIG. 2 a plan view of the roof structure.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, it is enclosed by the structure 1 all around Inner courtyard 2 covered with a roof structure 3, which is covered to be translucent. As indicated by dashed lines is this roof structure 3 is arranged so that it can be raised and lowered, as a result of which ventilation from below is achieved when the roof structure 3 is raised.

The floor 4 of the courtyard 2 is provided with underfloor heating 5, through which a basic proportion of the required amount of heat in winter operation is fed. Furthermore, there are outlets 6 in the inner courtyard 2, which is used e.g. as a cash register or exhibition hall an air heater or air conditioning system, not shown, over which in winter operation the over the basic portion Excessive amount of heat is supplied, or via which cooled air is supplied during summer operation.

The walls surrounding the courtyard have a relatively high level of heat

-2 -1

permeability of at least 2Wm K, preferably more than

—2 —1
4Wm K in order to utilize the warmth of the warm air plug that forms under the roof structure during winter operation, in which the roof structure 3 rests on the structure 1, as shown with full lines, to heat the rooms 7 surrounding the inner courtyard 2. Furthermore, openings 8 are arranged in the walls surrounding the inner courtyard 2, through which the heated air from the inner courtyard 2 can flow into the adjoining rooms 7, from which it flows out again via any ventilation system.

When exposed to sunlight, this heats the plug of warm air produced when the roof 3 is closed even further, so that this amount of energy too contributes in a simple way to the heating of the rooms surrounding the courtyard.

With regard to an optimal use of the heat content of the In the courtyard heated air to heat the rooms adjoining the courtyard 7, it is useful if the ratio of

■ - "" · - ■ * "- · ^: 3A31 1 96

Area of courtyard 2 to the area of the walls surrounding the courtyard at least 1: 1.5 is better, however, 1: 2 to 1: 3, the most optimal ratios being obtained at 1: 2.25.

If the inner courtyard 2 and the adjoining rooms 7 are air-conditioned in summer, there is the possibility of raising them the roof structure 3, whereby a ventilation of the same is achieved and conditions as with an uncovered Hof result in significant savings in the energy required to operate the air conditioning system, as the ventilation underneath the roof structure a heating of the air in the yard according to the greenhouse principle is avoided.

As shown schematically in FIG. 2, the roof structure 3 guided by means of the lifting devices 9 and adjustable in height.

When dimensioning the walls surrounding the courtyard 2 and the ventilation system of the rooms 7 adjacent to the courtyard, it is expedient to provide an air permeability of at least one simple air change per hour. Furthermore, it has been found to be beneficial proved that the walls surrounding the courtyard 2 with a

-2

effective storage mass of approx. 150 kg m.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Building with a roof structure covered with a translucent roof covered heated courtyard, thereby characterized in that the area between the building (1) enclosing the courtyard (2) and the preferably high one The roof structure (3) exhibiting heat reflection is provided with closable openings, and a heating device is arranged in the courtyard (2) and / or an air conditioning device in this opens, the courtyard (2) enclosing _2 --2 walls have a heat permeability of at least 2Wm K, preferably —2 —2 of at least 4Wm K, and optionally provided with openings (8) to the rooms (7) surrounding the courtyard (2) are. 2. Building according to claim!, Characterized net that the courtyard (2) is provided with underfloor heating (5) 34311 3. Building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in / that the roof structure (3) can be raised and lowered is arranged. 4. Building according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized that the ratio of the area of the courtyard (2) to that of the walls surrounding the courtyard (2) is at least 1: 1.5, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 3.