DE3423163A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER BODIES - Google Patents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER BODIESInfo
- Publication number
- DE3423163A1 DE3423163A1 DE19843423163 DE3423163A DE3423163A1 DE 3423163 A1 DE3423163 A1 DE 3423163A1 DE 19843423163 DE19843423163 DE 19843423163 DE 3423163 A DE3423163 A DE 3423163A DE 3423163 A1 DE3423163 A1 DE 3423163A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- pile
- carbon
- elastomer
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1025—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by non-chemical features of one or more of its constituents
- C09K3/1028—Fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0204—Elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0204—Elements
- C09K2200/0208—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0239—Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0243—Silica-rich compounds, e.g. silicates, cement, glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0243—Silica-rich compounds, e.g. silicates, cement, glass
- C09K2200/0252—Clays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0278—Fibres
- C09K2200/0282—Carbon fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0607—Rubber or rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0642—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0645—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09K2200/067—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GMBH Meitingen, den 20. JUNI 1984SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GMBH Meitingen, June 20, 1984
Verfahren zur Herstellung kohlenstoffaserverstärkter ElastomerkörperProcess for the production of carbon fiber reinforced elastomeric bodies
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen flächiger mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärkter Elastomerkörper .The invention relates to a method for producing flat elastomeric bodies reinforced with carbon fibers .
Die fast ausschließlich durch Pyrolyse von in Faserform vorliegenden Polymeren hergestellten Kohlenstoffasern werden vor allem als Verstärkung von Kunstharzen, wie Epoxid-/ Polyester- oder Polyamidharze,verwendet. Kohlenstoffaserverstärkte Kunstharze haben bei geringerer Masse als metallische Werkstoffe eine größere Festigkeit und Steifigkeit und sind entsprechend besonders vorteilhafte Werkstoffe im Fahrzeugbau, z.B. für Raum-, Luft- und erdgebundene Fahrzeuge. Kohlenstoffasern werden ebenfalls als Asbestersatz in Dichtungen und Reibbelägen verwendet, die als Matrix häufig ein Elastomer enthalten.The carbon fibers produced almost exclusively by pyrolysis of polymers present in fiber form are mainly used to reinforce synthetic resins such as epoxy / polyester or polyamide resins. Carbon fiber reinforced Synthetic resins have a lower mass than metallic materials and have greater strength and rigidity and are accordingly particularly advantageous materials in vehicle construction, e.g. for space, air and terrestrial vehicles. Carbon fibers are also used as a substitute for asbestos in seals and friction linings used, which often contain an elastomer as a matrix.
Die wichtigsten Ausgangsfasern für Kohlenstoffasern sind Fasern aus Polyacrylnitril und Pech. Durch Erhitzen der Fasern auf etwa 200 bis 300 C, im allgemeinen in einer oxidierenden Atmosphäre, werden die Ausgangsstoffe unter Beibehaltung der Faserform vernetzt oder thermisch stabilisiert. Die stabilisierten Fasern sind unschmelzbar und werden im folgenden wie die vollständig pyro-The most important starting fibers for carbon fibers are fibers made from polyacrylonitrile and pitch. By heating the Fibers at around 200 to 300 C, generally in an oxidizing atmosphere, are the starting materials below Retention of the fiber shape, crosslinked or thermally stabilized. The stabilized fibers are infusible and are in the following like the completely pyro-
PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 4 -PA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma - 4 -
lisierten, ausschließlich Kohlenstoff enthaltenden Fasern als Kohlenstoffasern bezeichnet. Vernetzung und Pyrolyse ergeben temperaturbeständige Fasern mit großer Festigkeit und Steifigkeit/ die im Prinzip wie andere Textilfasern verarbeitet werden können. Dabei ist die Sprödigkeit und die geringe Knickfestigkeit von Nachteil, die Handhabung und textile Verarbeitung erheblich erschweren. Es ist bekannt, die Handhabbarkeit von Kohlenstoffasern durch Beschichtung mit Schlichten zu verbessern. Abweichend von der auch bei anderen Textilfasern üblichen Beschichtung entstehen bei der Verwendung von Schlichten dann Probleme, wenn die beschichteten Fasern in eine Matrix eingebracht werden. Schlichten sollen die Haftung der Fasern mit der Matrix wenigstens nicht beeinträchtigen, möglichst verbessern, d.h., sie müssen mit der jeweiligen Matrix kompatibel sein. Ganz offensichtlich gibt es keine Schlichte, die eine befriedigende textile Verarbeitung der Kohlenstoffaser ermöglicht und auch mit allen üblichen und technisch nötigen Matrixsystemen verträglich ist. Entsprechend sind nur Schlichten bekanntgeworden, die die Bedingungen für jeweils ein oder wenige Matrixharze erfüllen. Zum Beispiel haften mit Diglycidylether des Bisphenol A beschichtete Kohlenstofffasern gut mit einer Epoxidharzmatrix, aber unzureichend in einer Polybutylenterephthalat-Matrix (US-PS 4 364 993). Für bestimmte thermoplastische Matrixharze, wie PoIycarbonat oder Polyamid sollen Beschichtungen mit Polyurethan-Lösungen und Dispersionen von Vorteil sein (DE-OS 33 02 012). Diese beispielhaft genannten undlized, exclusively carbon-containing fibers referred to as carbon fibers. Networking and pyrolysis result in temperature-resistant fibers with great strength and rigidity / which in principle like other textile fibers can be processed. The brittleness and the low buckling strength of Disadvantage that make handling and textile processing considerably more difficult. It is known the manageability to improve carbon fibers by coating them with sizes. Different from that of other textile fibers When using sizes, problems arise with the usual coating when the coated Fibers are introduced into a matrix. Sizing should at least ensure the adhesion of the fibers to the matrix do not impair, improve if possible, i.e. they must be compatible with the respective matrix. Quite obviously there is no size that enables a satisfactory textile processing of the carbon fiber and is also compatible with all customary and technically necessary matrix systems. There are only finishing touches accordingly become known that meet the conditions for one or a few matrix resins. For example stick with Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A coated carbon fibers well with an epoxy resin matrix, but insufficient in a polybutylene terephthalate matrix (U.S. Patent 4,364,993). For certain thermoplastic matrix resins such as polycarbonate or polyamide, coatings with polyurethane solutions and dispersions should be advantageous (DE-OS 33 02 012). These exemplified and
andere bekanntgewordenen Schlichten eignen sich jedoch nicht, Kohlenstoffasern in eine Elastomer-Matrix einzubinden. In flächigen Elastomerkörpern, die zu Dichtungen, Kupplungs- und Bremsbeläge verarbeitet werden können, sind daher als Verstärkungsmaterial zugesetzte Kohlen-PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 5 -however, other sizes that have become known are not suitable for binding carbon fibers into an elastomer matrix. In flat elastomer bodies that can be processed into seals, clutch and brake linings, are therefore added carbon PA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma - 5 - as reinforcement material
stoffasern in der Regel ungleichförmig in der Elastomermatrix verteilt und eingebunden, so daß die Eigenschaften der Produkte nur zu einem Teil und nicht immer den anwendungsbedingten Forderungen entsprechen. 5Fabric fibers are usually unevenly distributed and bound in the elastomer matrix, so that the properties of the products only partially and not always meet the requirements of the application. 5
Der Erfindung liegt entsprechend die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung flächiger Gebilde aus kohlenstoffaserhaltigen Elastomeren zu verbessern, insbesondere die Handhabung der Kohlenstoffasern,unter den bei der Herstellung des Verbundkörpers herrschenden Bedingungen die Zahl der Faserbrüche zu verringern, die Fasern gleichmäßig in der Elastomermatrix zu verteilen und in der Matrix fest einzubinden.The invention is accordingly based on the object of the known methods for producing flat structures from carbon fiber-containing elastomers, especially the handling of carbon fibers, among the conditions prevailing in the manufacture of the composite body to reduce the number of fiber breaks Distribute fibers evenly in the elastomer matrix and firmly bind them in the matrix.
Die Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß Kohlenstoff-Multifilamentgarn mit wenigstens 40.000 Filamenten mit einer Latex-Dispersion h beschichtet, das beschichtete Garn getrocknet, in 1 bis Jl 20 mm lange Abschnitte zerlegt und durch Verwirbeln in einem Luftstrom ein Haufwerk aus Faserabschnitten gebildet wird. Das Haufwerk aus beschichteten Faserabschnitten wird mit einem Elastomeren gemischt, die Mischung zu einem flächenhaften Gebilde ausgewalzt, das dann zu Dichtungen, Brems- oder Kupplungsbelägen weiterverarbeitet wird.The object is achieved with a method of the type mentioned in that carbon multifilament yarn coated with at least 40,000 filaments with a latex dispersion h, the coated yarn dried, in 1 to Jl 20 mm long sections disassembled and by vortexing in an air stream, a Heap is formed from fiber sections. The pile of coated fiber sections is mixed with an elastomer, the mixture is rolled out into a flat structure, which is then processed into seals, brake or clutch linings.
Nach den der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Kenntnissen ist es zur Lösung der Aufgabe nötig, die Kohlenstoffasern zunächst mit einer mit der Matrix kompatiblen Schlichte zu beschichten und die beschichteten Fasern dann in die Form eines lockeren Haufwerks zu "bringen. Die Beschichtung von Fasern aus Rayon, Polyamiden und nach einer besonderen Vorbehandlung auch von Polyester und Aramid mit Latex-Dispersionen und das Einarbeiten der beschichteten Fasern in Elastomere und die verbesserte Haftung derartig behandelter Fasern in der Elastomermatrix ist an sich bekannt.According to the knowledge on which the invention is based, it is necessary to solve the problem, the carbon fibers first to be coated with a size compatible with the matrix and then to insert the coated fibers into the To bring the form of a loose pile ". The coating of fibers from rayon, polyamides and according to a special Pre-treatment of polyester and aramid with latex dispersions and the incorporation of the coated fibers into elastomers and the improved adhesion of such treated Fibers in the elastomer matrix are known per se.
PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 6 - $PA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma - 6 - $
« 6 ■"«6 ■"
Der Fachmann konnte aber wegen der grundsätzlich verschiedenen Beschaffenheit der Oberfläche von Kohlenstoff asern nicht erwarten/ daß mit Latex beschichtete Kohlenstoffasern sich im Gemisch mit Elastomeren ähnlich verhalten und vor allem nicht/ daß die beschichteten spröden Fasern beim Einarbeiten in elastomere Massen nicht zerbrechen und zerstört werden. Der Effekt wird jedoch nur dann erzielt/ wenn die beschichteten Kohlenstoffasern in einem Luftstrom zu einem Faserhaufwerk verwirbelt werden. Ohne die Bildung eines lockeren Haufwerks gelingt es auch nicht/ die Fasern gleichmäßig in der Elastomermatrix zu verteilen.The person skilled in the art could, however, because of the fundamentally different nature of the surface of carbon But don't expect latex-coated carbon fibers to look alike when mixed with elastomers behave and especially not / that the coated brittle fibers when incorporated into elastomeric materials not break and be destroyed. However, the effect is only achieved / if the coated carbon fibers be swirled in an air stream to form a pile of fibers. Without the formation of a loose pile it is also not possible to distribute the fibers evenly in the elastomer matrix.
Die Kohlenstoffasern werden mit einer wässerigen Latex-Dispersion beschichtet, bevorzugt mit einer zusätzlich ein Butadien-Styrol-Vinylpyridin-Copolymer enthaltenden Dispersion, deren Haftwirkung etwas besser ist. Es ist ebenfalls von Vorteil/ der Dispersion ein Resorzin-Formaldehyd-Vorkondensat zuzusetzen/ das die beiden Stoffe etwa im Verhältnis 10 : 1 bis 2 : 1 enthält. Der Vorkondensatgehalt in der Dispersion sollte nicht mehr als 10 % betragen/ da bei höheren Gehalten die Filamente des Garns miteinander verkleben können. In Übereinstimmung mit der gängigen Nomenklatur werden unter dem Begriff "Elastomer" natürliche und synthetische Stoffe verstanden, deren Glasübergangstemperatur kleiner als 0 0C und kleiner als die Verwendungstemperatur ist, besonders natürlicher und synthetischer Kautschuk. Die zur Verstärkung des Elastomers verwendeten Kohlenstoffgarne einschließlich Garne aus thermisch stabilisierten Fasern sollten wenigstens 40.000 Filamente enthalten, da eine Gleichverteilung mit Garnen kleinerer Filamentzahl nicht erreicht wird. Die Garne werden zweckmäßig durch einenThe carbon fibers are coated with an aqueous latex dispersion, preferably with a dispersion additionally containing a butadiene-styrene-vinylpyridine copolymer, the adhesive effect of which is somewhat better. It is also advantageous / to add a resorcinol-formaldehyde precondensate to the dispersion / which contains the two substances in a ratio of approximately 10: 1 to 2: 1. The pre-condensate content in the dispersion should not be more than 10% / since at higher contents the filaments of the yarn can stick together. In accordance with the current nomenclature, the term “elastomer” is understood to mean natural and synthetic substances whose glass transition temperature is less than 0 ° C. and less than the temperature of use, particularly natural and synthetic rubber. The carbon yarns used to reinforce the elastomer, including yarns made from thermally stabilized fibers, should contain at least 40,000 filaments, since uniform distribution cannot be achieved with yarns with a smaller number of filaments. The yarns are expediently through a
PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 7 -PA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma - 7 -
mit der Latex-Dispersion gefüllten Trog und zur Trocknung durch einen Trockenkanal oder -Ofen gezogen und die beschichteten Garne werden in Abschnitten von.1 bis 20 mm Länge zerlegt. Zum Zerschneiden der Garne sind grundsätzlich alle für die Herstellung von Kurzschnittfasern verwendeten Werkzeuge geeignet, z.B. Schneidbalken oder rotierende Messer. Die Faserabschnitte werden dann in einem Luftstrom verwirbelt und ein Faserhaufwerk in einem Filter oder Zyklon abgeschieden, dessen Schüttdichte zweckmäßig 20 bis 200 g/l beträgt. Länge der Faserabschnitte und Dichte des Faserhaufwerks werden im einzelnen durch die Verwendung der faserverstärkten Elastomermasse bestimmt und können durch einfache Vorversuche ermittelt werden. Im allgemeinen beträgt die Länge der im Haufwerk enthaltenen Fasern etwa 0.5 bis 20 mm und die Schüttdichte 20 bis 200 g/l. Das Faserhaufwerk wird mit Hilfe der üblichen Zwangsmischer in die Elastomermatrix eingearbeitet und das Gemisch zu einem flächigen Gebilde ausgewalzt. Der Faseranteil ist von dem Verwendungszweck der Elastomerkörper abhängig, er beträgt für Reibbeläge etwa 5 bis 20 %■ und für Dichtungen mehr als 20 %.with the latex dispersion filled trough and pulled through a drying tunnel or oven to dry and the coated yarns are cut into sections from 1 to 20 mm in length. To cut the yarn are basically all tools used for the production of short cut fibers are suitable, e.g. cutting bars or rotating knife. The fiber sections are then swirled in a stream of air and a pile of fibers in one Filter or cyclone deposited, the bulk density of which is expediently 20 to 200 g / l. Length of the fiber sections and density of the pile of fibers are detailed determined by the use of the fiber-reinforced elastomer compound and can be determined through simple preliminary tests will. In general, the length of the fibers contained in the pile is about 0.5 to 20 mm and the bulk density 20 to 200 g / l. The pile of fibers is incorporated into the elastomer matrix with the help of the usual compulsory mixers and the mixture rolled out into a flat structure. The fiber content depends on the intended use of the elastomer body depending on, it amounts to approx. 5 to 20% for friction linings and more than 20% for seals.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Beispiels näher erläutert:The invention is explained in more detail using an example:
Ein Multifilamentgarn aus thermisch stabilisiertem Polyacrylnitril mit 320.000 Filamenten, einem Titer von 42 ktex und einer Dichte von 1.40 g/cm wurde mit einer wässerigen Latex-Dispersion beschichtet. Zusammensetzung der DispersionA multifilament yarn made from thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile with 320,000 filaments, a titer of 42 ktex and a density of 1.40 g / cm was used with an aqueous Latex dispersion coated. Composition of the dispersion
freies Wasser 61.5 %free water 61.5%
Ammoniak 0.2Ammonia 0.2
Butadien-Styrol-Vinylpyridin- 3Q Q (Feststoff-Copolymer-Latex-Disperion " anteil - 40 %)Butadiene-styrene-vinylpyridine- 3Q Q (solid copolymer latex dispersion "share - 40%)
Resorzin-Formaldehyd- „ _ (Feststoff-Vorkondensat Ö*J anteil - 30 %)Resorcinol formaldehyde "_ (solid precondensate Ö * J proportion - 30%)
PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 8 -PA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma - 8 -
Die Dispersionen sind handelsübliche Produkte.The dispersions are commercially available products.
Das Multifilamentgarn wurde durch einen mit der Dispersion gefüllten Trog gezogen; die Tauchzeit betrug etwa 1 min. ' Das beschichtete Garn wurde bei Raumtemperatur und in einem Trockenkanal auf etwa 130 bis 140 C erwärmt, in einer Schneidmühle in Abschnitte von etwa 3 bis 10 mm Länge zerlegt und dabei in einem Luftstrom verwirbelt. Das in einem Zyklon abgeschiedene Faserhaufwerk mit einer Schüttdichte von ca. 50 g/l wurde in einem Zwangsmischer in Chloropren-Kautschuk eingearbeitet und dem Gemisch Füllstoffe und Vulkanisationsmittel zugesetzt. Zusammensetzung:The multifilament yarn was drawn through a trough filled with the dispersion; the immersion time was about 1 minute. The coated yarn was heated to about 130 to 140 ° C. at room temperature and in a drying tunnel, in a cutting mill into sections of about 3 to 10 mm in length and swirled in a stream of air. The heap of fibers separated in a cyclone and having a bulk density of approx. 50 g / l was mixed in a compulsory mixer incorporated into chloroprene rubber and added fillers and vulcanizing agents to the mixture. Composition:
Die Mischung wurde granuliert und durch Gesenkpressen bei etwa 160 0C und einem Druck von 20 MPa zu flachen Scheiben gepreßt/ die durch Erhitzen in einem ümluftofen auf etwa 180 C nachvulkanisiert wurden.The mixture was granulated and compressed by die at about 160 0 C and a pressure of 20 MPa to flat discs / which were post-cured by heating in a ümluftofen to about 180 C.
Die mikroskopische Prüfung der als Reibbeläge für Scheiben- und Trommelbremsen vorgesehenen Scheiben zeigte bei dem überwiegenden Teil der thermisch stabilisierten Polyacrylnitrilfasern keine Verkürzung der Faser-PA 84/9 Dr.We/Ma - 9 -The microscopic examination of the discs intended as friction linings for disc and drum brakes showed no shortening of the fiber PA in the majority of the thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile fibers 84/9 Dr We / Ma - 9 -
- 9 - 3Α23163- 9 - 3Α23163
länge beim Mischen und Formen der Elastomermasse, die gleichförmige Verteilung der Fasern in der Matrix und die sehr gute Fasereinbindung.-Entsprechend war die Streuung des auf einem Prüfstand gemessenen Verschleißes und der Bremswirkung (Verzögerung) klein.length when mixing and molding the elastomer compound that uniform distribution of the fibers in the matrix and the very good fiber integration Scatter of the wear measured on a test stand and the braking effect (deceleration) small.
PA 84/9 Dr.We/MaPA 84/9 Dr.We / Ma
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843423163 DE3423163A1 (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1984-06-22 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER BODIES |
| FR858506925A FR2566315B1 (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1985-05-07 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER PARTS |
| GB08514768A GB2160552B (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1985-06-11 | Process for the production of carbon fibre-reinforced elastomer bodies |
| IT21251/85A IT1186736B (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1985-06-21 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELASTOMER BODIES REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843423163 DE3423163A1 (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1984-06-22 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER BODIES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3423163A1 true DE3423163A1 (en) | 1986-02-27 |
| DE3423163C2 DE3423163C2 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
Family
ID=6238952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843423163 Granted DE3423163A1 (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1984-06-22 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMER BODIES |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3423163A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2566315B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2160552B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1186736B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3718035A1 (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-12-15 | Haendler & Natermann | Process for exhaust air purification and solvent recovery |
| DE4314193C1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-05-26 | Baedje K H Meteor Gummiwerke | Safety switch with carbon fibre contacts - has contacts housed in elastomer tube produced by extrusion with parallel carbon fibre strips produced at the same time |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5508109A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-04-16 | Avco Corporation | Fiber blend for low cost, asbestos free friction material |
| DE10328373B4 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2015-10-08 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Piezoelectric component with tempering device and use of the component |
| US20070172617A1 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-07-26 | Burrowes Thomas G | Curing sleeve reinforced with chopped carbon fibers |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2208299B2 (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1973-09-27 | Miharu Kyoto Yamashita (Japan) | Process for the production of hollow glass fiber reinforced synthetic resin objects |
| US4364993A (en) * | 1980-07-14 | 1982-12-21 | Celanese Corporation | Sized carbon fibers, and thermoplastic polyester based composite structures employing the same |
| DE3302012A1 (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1983-08-04 | Teijin Chemicals Ltd., Tokyo | CARBON FIBERS AND RESIN COMPOSITION REINFORCED WITH THESE |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1275258A (en) * | 1968-08-03 | 1972-05-24 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Reinforcing materials |
| GB1275412A (en) * | 1968-08-03 | 1972-05-24 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Reinforcing yarns or cords |
| JPS5333998B2 (en) * | 1974-01-16 | 1978-09-18 |
-
1984
- 1984-06-22 DE DE19843423163 patent/DE3423163A1/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-05-07 FR FR858506925A patent/FR2566315B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-06-11 GB GB08514768A patent/GB2160552B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-06-21 IT IT21251/85A patent/IT1186736B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2208299B2 (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1973-09-27 | Miharu Kyoto Yamashita (Japan) | Process for the production of hollow glass fiber reinforced synthetic resin objects |
| US4364993A (en) * | 1980-07-14 | 1982-12-21 | Celanese Corporation | Sized carbon fibers, and thermoplastic polyester based composite structures employing the same |
| DE3302012A1 (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1983-08-04 | Teijin Chemicals Ltd., Tokyo | CARBON FIBERS AND RESIN COMPOSITION REINFORCED WITH THESE |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3718035A1 (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-12-15 | Haendler & Natermann | Process for exhaust air purification and solvent recovery |
| DE4314193C1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-05-26 | Baedje K H Meteor Gummiwerke | Safety switch with carbon fibre contacts - has contacts housed in elastomer tube produced by extrusion with parallel carbon fibre strips produced at the same time |
| US5780793A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1998-07-14 | Meteor Gummiwerke K. H. Badje Gmbh & Co. | Safety switch having a carbon fiber conductor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2566315B1 (en) | 1989-05-19 |
| GB2160552A (en) | 1985-12-24 |
| DE3423163C2 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
| IT8521251A0 (en) | 1985-06-21 |
| GB2160552B (en) | 1987-08-26 |
| IT1186736B (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| GB8514768D0 (en) | 1985-07-10 |
| FR2566315A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
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