DE3416631A1 - Trailer coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a separable trailer coupling in which, when the ball-ended bar of the coupling is inserted, the latter strikes against a lock and as a result triggers an element which engages in the recess in the ball-ended bar and thus brings about locking between the base body, attached to the motor vehicle, of the trailer coupling and the ball-ended bar. In a development, the position of the fixing element with respect to the base body of the coupling is secured in the mounted position of the ball-ended bar by means of a further lock which is activated after the base body engages with, and is coupled to, the ball-ended bar.

Description

Description trailer coupling

There are detachable car trailer hitches of various designs.

The couplings become removable for a variety of plausible reasons educated. When the clutch is removed, the vehicle becomes shorter and there is a risk of injury lower, the vehicle safer, lighter, more beautiful.

All of these removable designs have the disadvantage that they are careless Handling the detachable part comes loose and thus means a great danger. Of the The inventor has set himself the task of eliminating this disadvantage. For this Reason he proposes a construction that meets the requirement that the removable Part either sits tightly or falls out or falls into a position that leads to the Coupling is unsuitable. This is achieved by a construction that allows a fixing bolt, which in a functionally perfect condition, the removable part and the part that is fixed on the vehicle is kept in contact via a lock that by the detachable part when inserting the same in the state of the most extensive Correspondence of the fixing bolt with the hole is notched and so the fixing bolt or releases the fixing bolts to engage. This avoids that the fixing bolt only slightly engages when clamped, as it can freely penetrate into the hole. The removable part is provided with a cone that avoids self-locking. (7 140) Fig. 1 shows a top view of a possible design. The one with the inner cone sleeve (2) provided base body (1), which is connected to the fixed part of the vehicle a fixing bolt (3) which is secured by a lock (4), which is here designed as a hat, is held. This fixing bolt (3) is under tension by a spring (5) set.

Fig. 2 shows a section A-B through this arrangement of Fig. 1 Der The base body (1) has a fixing bolt (3) which is secured by the lock (4), which acts as a hat is formed, is held. This lock (4) is via the springs (6), (see Fig. 3) and the screws (6a) put under tension.

About the stop (8), which is designed here as an adjustable screw is, the hat or the lock (4) through the removable part (9) of the coupling lifted when inserted and releases the fixing bolt (s) at the moment in which the bore (10) of the removable part (9) largely corresponds to the position of the fixing bolt (3).

If the conical bore (10) is made slightly larger than the cone of the fixing bolt, and the slope is slightly (approx. 1-2 mm) lower than the Fixing bolt, the fixing bolt always pulls the removable part firmly onto the with part firmly connected to the vehicle.

The thickness of the fixing bolt must be adapted to the forces involved.

The lateral forces can, for. B. via a square or round cone with tongue and groove (tongue and groove).

It is important, however, with this construction that the locating pin is only is released if it works properly without much searching and straightening and hindrance can slide into the free bore (10).

Prevented after the locking bolt has locked into the removable part the hat or the lock (4) which is provided with an additional lock (4a) this causes the fixing bolt (3) to spring back over the groove (12). The fixing bolt (3) is either provided with a pull-out bracket (13) or at the end z. B. provided with a slot into which a key (14) can be inserted, which rotates around a fulcrum (15). So after lifting the lock (4a) z. B. by means of the socket wrench or by hand by turning the key of the Fixing bolt (3) withdrawn.

Fig. 3 shows the section C-D. In this cut you can clearly see that the lock (4) which is designed as a hat, by the springs (6) over the bolt or the screws (6a) is kept under tension.

By inserting the loose removable part (9) the lock (4) is raised over the stop (8) against the spring force of the spring (6) and the lock (4) at the moment disengaged the fixing bolt (3) slightly into the free hole (a0) can be indented) Fig. 4 shows another possible embodiment in perspective with a laterally arranged latch (17). The base body (1) is already in the z. B. Coupling cross tube (18) of the fixed part, which runs in the bumper, is integrated. The principle is the same as the one before described construction. The fixing bolt is held in position by the pawl (17). When plugging in of the removable part (9) becomes the latch via the nose (19) attached to it (17) and releases the fixing bolt (3) when the hole is in part (9) is largely aligned with the same, so that no jamming by superfluous Search occurs.

This pawl (17) has a further lock (20) which falls as soon as the fixing bolt (3) is in the end position, i.e. it holds the fixed and loose parts together. The pawl (17) is kept under tension by the spring (24). Otherwise applies what previously described.

Fig. 5 shows the section E-F through Fig. 4. The groove and the wedge are indicated above (21). There is also the option of one or more bolts (22) insert the loose part (9) into bores (23) of the fixed part or vice versa and so absorb the torsional forces in the round design. For disengaging the fixing bolt (3) Again a key can be used that has a pivot point after the Insertion into a slot of the fixing bolt pulls the same out by turning.

Fig. 6 shows the side view without part (9).

- Lee? Side -

Claims (1)

Claims Trailer coupling r ¢ s e J Detachable trailer coupling with one part attached to the vehicle (1) and one with the ball (or several balls) provided removable part (9), characterized in that it has a fixing bolt (3) which holds the two parts together in the inserted state, which before the fixation of the two parts with a lock (4,17) is provided, which for Unlocking and releasing the fixing bolt (3) formed by the removable part (9) is, the unlocking of the lock (4,17) by the removable part (9) automatically automatically when the hole (10) of the removable part largely matches (9) with the fixing bolt (3). (i.e. the bolt (3) and the hole (10) are in alignment) In the locked state of the fixing bolt (3) then the removable part (9) falls out automatically. 2.) Removable trailer coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fixing bolt (3) is moved by an engaging force (spring 5) when the lock is released becomes effective, pushes into the removable part (9) with an inclined plane is provided, which is in a slightly larger conical bore of the removable part protrudes. So the conical end of the removable part (9) becomes that into a cone of the part (1) fixed on the vehicle protrudes, drawn in with a positive and non-positive fit. 3.) Removable trailer coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that that this lock (4) is designed so that it is in the pulled-out state Locking bolt (3) locks and an additional lock (4a) on the same in an engaged position State of the fixing bolt also locks the same. 4a) Removable trailer coupling, characterized in that the insertable part (9) at the end as a round cone and the counterpart attached to the vehicle is designed as a conical round sleeve. 4b) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-4, characterized in that that the cones mentioned in 4a are provided with a key and keyway (around the side To absorb forces when installing the ball rod vertically ) (the The cone of the rod sits vertically to horizontally inclined) 4c) Removable trailer coupling, characterized in that in the case of a conical round design on the removable part (9) Are bolts (2-2) that fit into holes Q3) of the fixed part (1) or vice versa. 4d) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-3, characterized in that that the insertable part as a square and the counterpart attached to the vehicle as Square sleeve is formed. 5.) Removable trailer coupling according to claim 1-4e, characterized in that that at the moment when the lock releases the fixing bolts (3), the hole (10) in the loose part fits exactly with the fixing bolts (3). 6.) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-5, characterized in that that the fixing bolt (3) is automatically pushed in via a spring (5). 7.) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-6, characterized in that that the fixing bolt (3) is pulled back into the clamping position with a key and releases the loose part (9). 8.) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-7, characterized in that that the square is inserted vertically or at an angle (it will fall out automatically) 9.) Removable trailer coupling according to claim 1-2, characterized in that the detachable part eccentrically loaded with a weight is thus with horizontal Installation of the insert sleeve in a non-fixed state, the loose part in a for coupling impossible position tilts. 10.) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-7, characterized in that that the tilting moment mentioned in claim 8 is brought about by a spring. 11.) Removable trailer coupling according to claims 1-7, characterized in that that even with the insertion sleeve in a horizontal position, the cone of the sleeve and the conical The end of the removable part (9) are provided with a cone angle that is not self-locking indulge. So the removable part (9) falls in the unlocked state even when it is horizontal Position of the cone.