DE3400696A1 - Device for positioning and growing ornamentals and useful plants to suit the needs of the species - Google Patents

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

"Device for the species-appropriate placement and culture of ornamental and Utility plants "claims: Description: The invention relates to a device for the species-appropriate placement and cultivation of ornamental and useful plants.

The invention is primarily concerned with the field of horticultural technology and private plant crops, for large agricultural crops it is only allowed exceptionally applicable.

It is known that a species-appropriate, optimal plant culture only is then achieved when the seed, onion, bulb or the like. In the necessary planting depth is brought into the ground, and if in particular the mutual Plant distances are observed. Many plants do best in certain Groups of two, three or the like, this arrangement is almost harmful to others. Other plant rearing optimizers are different types of plants to be combined in spatially specified distances. Such pairings of plants will be partly used to avoid pest infestation, on the other hand serve for slow germinating plants by adding fast germinating plants with a short growing season, the planting positions or planting rows early to mark so that the keeping free of weeds without endangering the useful or Ornamental plants can be done. In the case of ornamental plants, to achieve certain aesthetic Pattern made sure that either the same plants are different Color embossing, different colored flowers or that different plants in appropriate patterns, intervals or the like.

be brought against each other.

The previous procedure for sowing or bringing in the plant seeds, - bulbs, bulbs, cuttings or the like.

is extremely troublesome and has many disadvantages.

In row crops, grooves are usually made that are not always have the desired ideal depth, and the seeds are then introduced. During this process, seeds can already be blown by the wind in the open air, so that the effort of sowing silly is wiped out. This is particularly true then when heavy and light seeds are mixed or seeds of different kinds Size should be mixed, because then the conventional sowing devices neither the desired distances nor the desired change of different plants can guarantee, quite apart from that, that also when using sowing machines or devices that wind can blow away lighter seeds.

In the case of area crops, the pattern-like accommodation is different Seeds, tubers, cuttings, onions or the like in prepared seed beds are extraordinary laborious and difficult, because it is well known that seed areas should not be entered, because otherwise there will be a compaction of the soil and holes in the uniform surface develop.

It is also known that plants only adapted in specific species Sprout or sprout environments. Plant cultures that have been established so far often go This causes spots to perish or do not sprout or sprout because of the Seeds, onions, bulbs or the like do not find the optimal growth environment.

On the basis of this prior art, the object of the invention is to be found based on creating a device of the type mentioned, which the previous laborious sowing or placement of seeds, onions, cuttings, tubers or the like. facilitated, whose optimized spacing or pairings are reliably guaranteed and In addition, every plant has an optimized soil environment, especially during the growing season, offers.

To solve this problem, the one mentioned in the introduction is identified Device according to the invention in that plant seeds, onions, tubers, cuttings o. The like. In a support body, the thickness of which is at least the size of the plant seed o. The like. Is adapted and its strength hold against all mechanical stresses offers up to sowing or planting and during germination, sprouting or the like.

is rotable, in species-appropriate, culture-optimized mutual Distances are fixed or embedded, and that the support body for row crops strand-shaped and rollable, for surface crops mat-shaped as Cut to length or cut in finished figures is formed.

The use of the support body designed according to the invention, in which the respective plant seeds, tubers, bulbs, cuttings or the like are fixed, such that they are optimally spaced from one another creates surprising ones Advantages. If the support bodies are designed as strand-like elements that can be rolled up, in this way, a simple row cultivation is possible by removing more suitable pieces from the roll supply Cut off length, laid out on the ground and arranged and the sowing process is finished. This way of working is not only suitable for growing crops, but it is also suitable for ornamental plants, if these are linear or arched to be sown in continuous trains, it can even be used for flower boxes Find application. The material of the support body is on the one hand permeable to air and porous and on the other hand rotable. The strand-shaped carrier bodies can contain fertilizers, which correspond to the respective plant species, contained in a suitable type and dosage. Their moisture absorption capacity can be easily determined during production, so that the plant finds the ideal conditions for germination or budding. Is the Plant rooted and driven out, then the supporting body has rotted and is used of soil improvement. The materials can about it out against Fungal infestation, but also against pest infestation, such as B. ant damage o. The like., Impregnated and thus optimize the buoyancy conditions considerably.

In such strand-like support bodies, it is particularly advantageous Plants of different species and different germination and vegetation times in certain ideal mutual distances and depths are accommodated.

If the support bodies are mat-shaped, this results in addition to the linear one Definition of the distances also a definition of the distances in width, d. That is, patterns, figures, or the like can be formed. This mat-shaped support body can be cut to size by the meter or already cut in figures be formed. Ornamental beds, for example, can be opened very quickly by placing a Mat to be completed Finished grave plantings can be in stock as a mat be held etc.

According to claim 2, the support bodies contain seeds or the like of plants with different germ or budding and / or. Growing seasons. These The measure not only allows the optimized pairing of plants mentioned at the beginning Improvement of the culture conditions, but also with ornamental plants z. B. a changing Follow different patterns and images too.

In a preferred embodiment, the support body is strand-shaped Training designed as a stranded or braided cord made of fibrous material and the seeds or the like braided or roped.

The training as a cord or roped body in the case of rope-shaped Support bodies has the advantage that even large-volume seeds, such as. B. beans o. The like. including onions, can be accommodated and are securely fixed.

In a further embodiment of the one designed according to the invention The device is the support body with a strand-like configuration in cross section as round, flat, round or oval tube made of air-permeable and porous fabric or paper-like material. This configuration is particularly suitable for small flat seeds.

According to claim 6, the support body has a mat-shaped configuration a layer structure, in which between an upper and lower, holding Layer of Fasarwälztorf a middle layer of manure peat or compost soil and If necessary, a layer of foam is arranged under the compost soil. The top and The lower layer of fiber peat is by means of running through the middle layer Fibers or threads made of decayable material punctiform and / or in the manner of seams, preferably zig-zag seams, or connected to one another in a net-like manner.

This configuration ensures sufficient hold to hold until it is laid out to give strength to the mat-shaped support body. It guarantees depending on Thickness of the mat even for the largest tubers, onions or the like. Safe storage and sufficiently deep placement and it creates especially for the whole Growing season optimized culture conditions, because. it is possible to use the manure peat so enriched that it contains granules with a long-term fertilizing effect that of the plant Depending on the state of the vegetation, feed in the optimal combination of pecking.

The mat-shaped support bodies can be vegetative or seasonal be adapted to be trained. So it can be, for example.

for decorative surfaces a spring mat, a summer mat and a. Fall mat. give, which after the end of the vegetation period of the respective plants simply superimposed are or designed. and thus lead to optimal flower arrangements in the short term The shape of the mat-shaped support body is also particularly advantageous for Vessel cultures, therefore claim 7 provides that the support body with mat-shaped Design for vessel culture in pots, flower pots or boxes in the standardized Sizes and shapes of these vessels are circular, rectangular, etc. cut. The only work in this aspect of the invention is to create a Vascular culture, d. H. -when planting pots and tubs or flower boxes therein, a subsurface of humus or the like.

to be introduced into the vessel and then the adapted shape and size of the blank.

It is well known that vascular cultures tend to have large fluctuations in their supply of the water. Excessive fluctuations can disturb such vessel cultures. That's why is provided according to claim 8 that a pin-shaped, open top and bottom with Hollow plastic body provided with holes can be inserted into the support body, and that inside in the middle part of the length balls or granules of a fertilizer, Above that, water-retaining absorbent pulp and below, in the area of one with the holes provided syringe, foam is arranged.

An alternative solution to the problem of optimizing the water balance, which is suitable for larger vessels and flower boxes discloses claim 9, wherein a humidifying and fertilizing plate is arranged under the support body, the one upper and lower layers of fiber peat and a middle layer of foam with embedded fertilizer, which may be held together by fibers are.

The advantage of these additional moisturizing and tanning pens or plates is that their absorbent pulp, foam and peat layers are in excess Absorb moisture and gradually release it from the plant as needed.

Overwatering is avoided and dehydration can last so long does not happen as the moisture-retaining layers still contain moisture. In addition, however, fertilizer granules are preferred in the middle area controlled solution behavior arranged, which the respective vascular plants during optimal fertilizer combinations in the right concentration for their growing season respectively. This way it becomes particularly easy to under-fertilize as well as a harmful overfertilization. avoided.

It is known that in laid out, sown or created plant cultures immediately after germination, failures due to pest infestation, mouse and bird damage, Game browsing and the like occur. Through such failures the whole would be strived for Target of plant culture disturbed. Therefore it belongs to the one designed according to the invention Device for each support body, regardless of the type, whether strand or mat-shaped, a certain amount of reseeding leaflets, which according to claim 10 either all contained in the supporting body or only the. contain particularly endangered seed species, The reseeding platelets are about the size of a penny or fingertip, and these seeds between two tissue-like or paper-like ones, joined at the edges Layers included. These reseeding plates, which are marked depending on the type of plant seed or be stocked differently, can then by at the failure points Finger pressure are introduced into the ground, so that the resulting Gaps can be closed quickly. The material is also used for these reseeding plates rotable and similar to the strand-like support bodies with fertilizers or the like. like

prepared.

There is also the advantage of the additional reseeding platelets in the fact that after detection of a safe opening or opening a created Culture, i.e. when it is determined that there is no longer any need for reseeding platelets exists, they can be used otherwise for separate cultures.

Embodiments of the device designed according to the invention are shown in the drawings. It shows: FIGS. 1 and 2 - two different ones Embodiments of a support body in a strand-like configuration, Fig. 3 - a partially sectioned perspective view of a support body in a mat-shaped design, Fig. 4 - a further possibility of forming a support body in the form of a mat Design, FIGS. 5 and 6 - examples of a fertilizing and moisturizing plate, FIG. 7 - Another embodiment of a Feuci retaining plate, Fig. 8 - a schematic side view of a fertilizer and moisturizing stick, FIG. 9 - the Reseeding platelets in plan view.

In the device according to -Fig. 1 and 2 a support body 1 is provided, which is in the form of a strand. The strand-shaped support body. 1 can be rolled up and contains different or uniform individual ones at specified intervals or seeds grouped together 2. In the embodiment according to FIG Seeds 2 fixed in that the strand-shaped support body 1 as a braided or stranded cord is formed, wherein the seeds 2 braided or roped are.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the strand-like support body is 1 hollow or. tubular and contains the seeds 2 inside the Hose cross-section.

The hollow cross-section can be round, flat-round, oval or the like.

As. Material for the strand-like support body 1 is recommended natural organic or synthetic organic materials, in addition to porosity and air permeability a certain water storage or absorption capacity that may be enriched or impregnated with fertilizer or with the Let the execution according to Fig. 2 fill and the after. predetermined time outdoors completely rot and in the rotten state no soil pollution, but one Effect soil improvement. Materials of this type are widely known.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the support body 1 is mat-shaped and designed in layers. Fig. 3 shows a simple embodiment in which each an upper and a lower layer of fiber rolled peat 3 between them a middle layer Include 4 made from manure peat. In the figure are the placements of the seeds, bulbs, Cuttings and the like are not displayed. However, the layer structure can be seen. The cohesion of the support body 1 is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 by punctiform Passage of fibers 5 ensures the z. B. can be knotted or stapled These fibers come from the two fiber rolled peat layers of the upper and lower Layer through the fertilizer peat layer, the middle layer 4 through.

Fig. 4 shows a more complex design of the support body 1 in mat-shaped Design in which a layer of fiber rolled peat 3 instead of the middle layer 4 made of fertilizer peat, a middle layer 5 is provided made of compost on a foam layer 6 rests.

For better cohesion, the connection of the layers is made of fiber peat 3 provided by zigzag or mesh-like seams with a thread 7. In the more complex Design of the support body 1 according to FIG. 4 can preferably be onions, tubers o. The like. In addition to seeds, etc. are introduced. It's better moisture retention secured.

The cohesion is due to the special nature of the. Stapling still greater.

Mat-shaped support body 1 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 can be planar with different patterns and lines or the like.

Different types of plant seeds or the like. Be provided.

They can be cut to the desired shapes by the meter or they can be manufactured in the desired shapes and placed on the market will. They allow cultures to take place. of useful and ornamental plants on any surface format. It. can spring, summer, autumn and winter mats for plants of this species are provided.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, a shaped blank is indicated, as it is needed for vascular cultures, with no difference to the structural Structure according to FIG. 3, but also have the structural structure of FIG can. Fig. -5 shows a rectangular blank, e.g. B.

for flower boxes, while Fig. 6 shows a circular blank represents how he is for. Flower pots or tubs are suitable.

Cultures in vessels are highly variable in humidity endangered. Therefore, according to this design.

Fig. 5 and 6 a moisturizing and fertilizing plate 8 is provided, which at the embodiment according to FIG. 7 has an upper and lower layer of fiber rolled peat 9 and a middle layer of foam 10, in which fertilizers are introduced, owns. The plate 8 can, similar to the support body according to FIGS. sewn or be stuck and it will Rectangular in shapes and sizes or made round, which corresponds to the flower boxes or pots or tubs.

The lower layer of fiber rolled peat 9 can be replaced by a foam layer can be supplemented or replaced.

The planting of tubs, pots or the like is possible with the device 3 and 4 and the moisturizing and fertilizing plate according to FIG. It is namely the fitting cut of the moisturizing and fertilizing plate 8 in placed the bottom of the planter and the corresponding cut of the support body 1 launched. If the work is carried out without a moisturizing and fertilizing plate 8, they are used Place a layer of humus or potting soil under the cut of the supporting body 1 brought in. In the case of small planters, the additional moisture retention and fertilizer plate 8 can not be accommodated. In this case a moisture retention and fertilizer pen 11 according to FIG. 8 is used, in which a hollow pen-shaped plastic body, which is open at the top, pointed at the bottom and provided with holes is, can be inserted through the mass of the support body 1. This moisturizing and fertilizer pen 11 has an upper open end 12 into which water is poured can be refilled. A layer of absorbent pulp closes at the bottom 13, in the middle there is a section in which fertilizer granules or -balls 14 are accommodated, while foam 15 is provided in the area of the tip is. Cast at the open end 12 Water is in the. water-holding Layers 13 and 15 held up and continuously dissolves from the middle zone the fertilizer granulate 14 from suitable amounts of fertilizer. Through the holes at the top water with an appropriately optimized fertilizer concentration can feed the roots of the Plants are fed. The moisturizing and fertilizing pen 11 can also be used in addition to be used for moisturizing and fertilizing plate 8.

It is coming. before that. isolated plants from the support body 1 after can be destroyed by germs by vermin, mice, birds or ravages. To that To maintain the plant image nevertheless, reseeding tiles are provided according to Fig. 9, the fingertip or penny-sized two layers of rotable, porous, air and water-permeable material are made on the edges of the respective Reseeding platelets together. is united. Inside are single or multiple Contains 2 seeds. The individual reseeding platelets can be replaced by pulling threads, Perforation bridges 17 or the like. Interconnected and z. B. be rolled up or can be stored loosely. Suitable markings are. provided to the To be able to recognize the type of semen, which is especially important when with one Support body 1 in .matfrm. contain many different types of plants. are. It is then advisable to use reseeding platelets 16 for the most important - or most sensitive Plant species in suitable Amount to stockpile.

All individual items shown in the description and / or the drawings and combination features are considered essential to the invention.

Claims (10)

Claims: 1. Device for species-appropriate placement and Cultivation of ornamental and useful plants, characterized in that plant seeds (2), Onions, tubers, cuttings or the like in a support body (1), the thickness of which is at least the size of the plant seed o. The like. Is adapted and its strength hold against all mechanical stresses up to and including sowing or planting germination, sprouting or the like. is rotable, in species-appropriate, culture-optimized mutual Distances are fixed or embedded, and that the support body (1) for row crops Rope-shaped and rollable, can be cut to length in the form of mats for area crops or is designed to be tailored in finished figures. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the support body (1) Seeds (2) or the like of plants with different germination or budding and / or Has growing season. 3. Device according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in net, that the seeds (2) or the like. In the mat-shaped support bodies (1) arranged in flat, geometric or ornament-like or figurative patterns are. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that that the support body (1) in the form of a strand as a stranded or braided Cord made of fibrous material and that the seeds o. The like. Braided or are roped. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that that the support body (1) with a strand-like design is rounder than in cross-section, Flat, round or oval tube made of air-permeable and porous fabric or paper-like material is formed. 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the support body (1) has a layer structure in the case of a mat-shaped configuration, with the one between an upper and a lower, holding layer made of fiber rolled peat (3) a middle layer (4) made of manure peat or compost soil (5) and under the compost soil if necessary. A foam layer (6) is arranged, and that the upper and lower layer (3) made of fiber rolled peat by means of fibers running through the middle layer (4,5,6) or threads (7) made of rotting material punctiform and / or in the manner of seams, preferably zig-zag seams, or connected to one another in a net-like manner are. 7. Device according to claims 1 and / or 2 and 6, characterized in that that the support body (1) with a mat-shaped design for vascular culture in pots, Flower pots or boxes in the standardized sizes and shapes of these vessels are circular, is cut rectangular, etc. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the vascular culture in pots a pen-shaped hollow plastic body, open at the top and perforated at the bottom (11) can be inserted into the support body (1), and that in the interior in the central area the length balls or granules (14) of a fertilizer, above that water-retaining Absorbent pulp (13) and below, in the area of a point provided with the holes Foam (15) is arranged. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the vessel culture, especially in larger flower pots, pots or in flower boxes under the support body (1) a moisturizing and fertilizing plate (8) is arranged, which has an upper and lower Layer (9) made of fiber rolled peat and a middle layer (10) made of foam with embedded Has fertilizers that are possibly held together by fibers. 10. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that for each support body (1) and possibly. For each contained in it Seed type (2) pfennig or reseeding discs the size of a finger cap (16) provided are those between two tissue or paper-like, connected at the edges Layers of rotting material contain one or more seeds (2) or the like, in particular by pest infestation, mouse or bird damage or the like To replace plants. Description: