DE3343788A1 - Process and apparatus for the separation of products or mixtures of fibrous materials and non-fibrous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Briefly summarised, a process and an apparatus are made available by the invention for the separation of fibrous materials from non-fibrous materials from products or mixtures of such materials, in which the products or mixtures of materials are shattered by rotating lugs which are arranged on one or more rotating components, alone or in cooperation with stationary counter-lug pieces, and the thereby released fibrous materials are sucked away over one or more sieves through which only the fibrous materials pass, or in which the fibrous materials are sucked away through at least one sieve before the non-fibrous materials are disintegrated to such an extent that they pass through the sieve.

Description

B E 5 C II R E 1 B TT N G

The invention relates to a method for separating products or Material mixtures of fibrous materials and non-fibrous materials, such as Cigarette filters or cigarette filter production boards; Mixtures of materials Paper and plates or foils; Ceiling, wall or floor coverings with fibrous materials on a non-fibrous carrier layer or the like, in fibrous materials on the one hand and non-fibrous materials on the other.

The invention also relates to an implementation device of the method according to one of Claims 1 to 4 for separating the fibrous materials of the non-fibrous materials of products or mixtures of materials9 such as cigarette filters or cigarette filter production board; Mixtures of materials made from paper and panels or foils; Ceiling, wall or floor coverings with fibrous materials on one non-fibrous carrier layer or the like, these products or material mixtures are treated in a device which, in its design, complies with claims 5 to 13 of published EP 0 091 982 corresponds.

In the manufacture of products, which essentially on the one hand consist of fibrous materials and, on the other hand, of non-fibrous materials, there is inevitable production scrap. These material mixtures can be designed so that the fibrous materials and the non-fibrous materials together are connected or only loosely together. One Connection can generally be achieved in that the one material another material, for example, or both materials are glued together or otherwise connected. A mixture of materials, without a fixed bond of the materials to each other can be used, for example, as a light fraction when recycling Garbage is created. In view of the further rising raw material costs, there is a separation Such materials make sense, so that they can be reprocessed can be. The fibrous materials can be used as fart fibers, such as flock material, present or as a woven or knitted fabric or the like or as fiber strands, which are formed from, for example, monofilament fibers.

There are already separation processes known with which pulp flakes from separated from their non-flaky IT wrappings, as is the case with hygiene articles, for example such as baby diapers and sanitary napkins. Such procedures are for example in DE-OS 2,918,345 and US-PS 4,303,501. Next are for this Separation processes have been described in --o 2 703 063 and DE-OS 2 704 035.

Next is a separation method for the recycling of sanitary article production scrap in EP publication 0 091 982.

This publication provides a method and an apparatus for separating cellulose flakes from their wrappings from cellulose hygiene articles made available, in which the pulp hygiene articles from rotating workers, at one or more ro- animal components are arranged, broken up alone or in cooperation with stationary counter-drivers and the pulp fluff released in the process over one or more, only the pulp fluff passing, sieves are sucked, or in which the pulp flakes through at least a sieve can be sucked off before the wrappings are smashed so far that they pass through the sieve.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus of to create the type mentioned at the beginning, which separates different products or mixtures of materials permitted if they are in a different form and composition present, as is the case with cellulose flakes and their wrappings, i.e. cellulose hygiene articles, is the case, i.e. the separation of products or mixtures of materials from fibrous Materials and non-fibrous materials, such as cigarette filters or Cigarette filter production board; Mixtures of paper and boards or foils; Ceiling, wall or floor coverings with fibrous non-ferrous materials on one non-fibrous carrier layer or the like, the fibrous materials and the non-fibrous materials are connected to one another or only loosely together and the fibrous materials are natural products or are made from them or are made of Plastic and such fibers as short fibers, such as flock material, present or also as fibrous paper, nonwoven fabric or woven or knitted fabric or also as fiber strands in the form of yarns or monofilament fibers.

Surprisingly, it has been shown that this task by the process and the device according to the EP publication 0 091 982 resolved can be.

The invention is based on some in Figures 1 to 7 of the drawing, particularly preferred embodiments shown in principle explained in more detail; They show: FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a device according to the invention, which represents a basic embodiment; Figure 2 shows a modification the basic design according to Figure 1, in which an additional sieve and several gate valves are provided; FIG. 3 shows a modification of the basic design according to FIG the rotating driver and the rotating component designed as a shaft which the drivers according to Figure 1 are movably arranged, in duplicate are provided horizontally side by side; Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of a Device according to the invention, which operates continuously, wherein the driving ends are arranged conically, so that there is a conical structure; Figure 5 a third embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is also continuous works, but the driver form a spiral arrangement and / or a spiral arrangement of guide strips on the inner wall of the Housing is provided, in Figure 5 both the spiral arrangement and the guide rails are marked; Figure 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the Invention that works discontinuously, the loading takes place axially and a cylinder screen or one or more screen segments is arranged around the driver are provided; FIG. 7 shows a combination of a cutting device known per se, which precedes the basic version according to FIG. 1, but also does one of the other embodiments of the device according to the invention directly can be upstream; the cutting device can also be removed from the actual be set up according to the invention, then the transport of through the cutting device pre-cut products or mixtures of materials with a conventional mechanical or pneumatic device can be made; Figure 8 shows a fifth and sixth embodiment of the invention relating to differentiate between the driver and the provision of driver counterparts, these different parts each on a side half of the figure 8 are shown; FIG. 9 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention; and figure FIG. 10 shows an eighth and ninth embodiment of the invention, each halfway from FIG Center line.

In addition, in all figures of the drawing are similar or corresponding Components are largely designated by the same reference numerals and therefore in each Trap explained again.

Reference is now made first to FIG. 1, which is a first Embodiment of a device that enables products or mixtures of materials to process in such a way that the fibrous materials from the non-fibrous Materials are separated shows.

This embodiment can also be referred to as the basic version, since it is practically the simplest embodiment.

In detail, the device according to FIG. 1 has a feed device 1 for the production of products or mixtures of substances that are not shown. This feeding device 1 is designed as a funnel in the embodiment shown, but it can also be a cylindrical or other ear, whereby this 7.ufiihrungsvorrichtung 1 also has a transport device, not shown, such as a Jiuftgebläse for generating one that promotes the products or material mixtures Air flow, an endless conveyor belt, a slide or the like. may include. This feeding device serves to bring the products or material mixtures into the range of action of drivers 2 to promote, in a directly adjoining the feed device 1 Rotate housing 3.

The drivers 2 are movable on a rotating shaft designed as a shaft Component 4 arranged. These drivers 2 can, for example, elongate bodies, For example rods made of an impact-resistant material such as steel, be. The drivers 2 are each by means of a driver suspension 5, which a Allows relative movement between the drivers 2 and the rotating component 4, attached to the latter.

This driver suspension 5 can be on each driver 2 or each be attached to a group of)! itmehmern 2 flashing bolts, which is preferably is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating component 4 and around it Axis the driver or the group of drivers can pivot freely. It however, it is also possible to design the driver suspension 5 as a table driver joint, with either each individual driver 2 or a group of several drivers 2 has such a driver joint, the joint axis of which is preferably parallel runs to the axis of rotation of the rotating component 4. The driver joints can also as ball joints or other pivoting in several directions Joints be formed.

A sieve 6 is around the rotation indicated by the arrow 7 the driver 2 formed rotating body 8 arranged around, in such a way that it extends around half the circumference of this rotary body 8. The sieve 6 can also cover a smaller or larger angular range than 1800 µm Extend circumference of the rotary body 8 around, in particular it can extend completely around the rotational body 8 extend around, if that is the constructive Design of the feed device 1 allows, for example, when the feed device, as shown in Figure 6, is an axial feeder.

It is essential that the driver 2 at such a small distance from the circumference of the rotating body 8 are provided that materials to be separated, So the materials of the products or material mixtures, nor of the drivers 2 can be detected when they are on the wide of the driver facing Sieves 6, which is referred to as the inside, are located.

It should be noted here that this 'small distance' is by no means must be as small as, for example, the thickness of the fibrous material, but that this 'small distance' is equal to or less than the thickness of a Material wedge, which consists of the materials to be separated and which the driver in the operation of the device in front of you, so that it is on the inside of the Sieve 6 slides by. Compliance with this 'small distance' is therefore extremely high important, because otherwise the sieve 6 will clog shortly after the device has been started up would be.

On the side of the screen 6 facing away from the drivers 2, which is shown here Also referred to as the outside, is a discharge device 9 for discharging of the released fibrous materials from the housing 3 is provided.

This discharge device 9 can, as shown, a funnel be and include a suction tube 10 for the fibrous materials, the tapered The end of the funnel ends in the latter.

Furthermore, there is a discharge device 11 for the non-fibrous Materials provided so that they, based on the direction of flow of the released fibrous materials, upstream of the screen 6 opens into the interior of the housing 3, and preferably in the immediate vicinity of the effective area of the driver 2. In the present case, this discharge device 11 is designed as a suction pipe.

It is now based on the mode of operation of the device according to FIG Carrying out a preferred embodiment of the method for separating the fibrous Materials from the non-fibrous materials explained: (1) In a first process step the products or material mixtures to be processed are processed in one batch the feeding device 1 is fed to the rotating carriers 2; this feed is indicated by the arrow 12. Here the products or material mixtures smashed by the drivers and the fibrous pigments they contain suctioned continuously through the suction pipe 10 via the discharge device 9, such as is indicated by the arrow 13. During this process step, the Abfühnrngsvorrichtung 11 not in operation, otherwise the released fibrous materials also would also be sucked off by this discharge device. The first step in the process is operated so long that practically all fibrous materials are released, but only so long that the non-fibrous material is not too fine-grained, that is not yet through the sieve 6 can go through, but rather yourself accumulates inside the housing.

(2) In the second process step, the supply of the products or Material mixtures stopped briefly, and the broken non-fibrous materials are by means of the guide device 11 from the area of action of the rotating Driver 2 removed, as indicated by arrow 14.

For this purpose, there is only a relatively short interruption of the Loading of the device with products or material mixtures required, so that the high efficiency of this device is practically not impaired will.

The above process steps (1) and (2) become ongoing repeated in the order named, resulting in a high throughput of processing Products or mixtures of materials can be achieved.

Referring now to Figure 2, in Figure 2 as well as in the others Figures of the drawing the same or similar components, arrows or the like. How they have been used in Figure 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. The device according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that that for finer sieving of the products or material mixtures in the direction of flow the latter is followed by a further sieve 15 after the sieve 6. This sieve needs no longer in its shape, like the sieve 6, which is semi-cylindrical, to be adapted to the shape of the rotary body 11, but it can, like the figure 2 shows, for example, be flat. In the space between the two screens 6 and 15 opens another suction pipe 16, which to a certain extent a coarse fraction of fibrous materials is sucked off, while a finer one through the suction pipe 10 Fraction of fibrous materials is taken.

In addition, gate valves are provided in the device according to Figure 2, namely a first gate valve 23 is arranged in the feed device 1, which has two gate valve parts placed in the middle of the feeding device 1 formed Zuffihnlngskanals meet in the closed state; these Separation parts are indicated in the sense of the double arrows drawn next to them. and moveable. Furthermore, there is a gate valve 17 and a gate valve 18 provided in the suction pipe 10 and 16, respectively.

Finally, a gate valve 19 is also arranged in the suction pipe 11, namely, this gate valve is directly at the mouth of the suction pipe 11 provided in the housing 3 so that in front of the gate valve 19 while rotating the driver 2 cannot collect any material which could clog the suction tube 11 could. The gate valves 17, 18 and 19 are shown in the sense of the adjacent Double arrows can be moved back and forth and cannot because of the proportionate to large diameter of the suction pipes each have only one movable slide part, They can, however, also consist of two oppositely movable traps Slide parts such as the gate valve 23 may be constructed.

With regard to the mode of operation of the device according to FIG. 2, it should be pointed out that, of course, when the suction pipe 11 is in operation, in addition to the gate valve 19, at least one of the other gate valves 17, 18 or 23 must be open, otherwise one A too strong negative pressure would arise in the housing 3 or an insufficiently strong air flow would be available for sucking off the non-fibrous materials.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, there are two rotating components 4 with drivers 2 arranged horizontally next to each other so that the axes of rotation of the rotating components 4 are parallel to each other and the rotating bodies 8 are only at a small distance from each other, which is preferably about the same the distance between the body of revolution 8 and the inside of the screen 6 is that here provided jointly for both units of rotating component 4 and driver 2 is, as well as the feed device 1 and the discharge device 9 and 11.

While in Figures 1 to 3 devices are shown that are operated discontinuously in batches, there are two in FIGS. 4 and 5 Embodiments of continuously operable devices for separating the fibrous materials represented by the non-fibrous materials.

It should first be referred to Figure 4, after which the driver 2 body of revolution 8 formed by rotation is a cone. The housing 3 is this Conical shape adapted accordingly. The feeding device 1 to the Feeding the products or material mixtures ends in the area of the small cone diameter d, while in the area of the large cone diameter D a continuously operating Discharge device 11 in the form of preferably several suction pipes opens.

The mouths of these suction pipes are, as the non-fibrous Material is thrown outward by the rotation of the driver 2, in the Proximity of the circumference of the rotating body 8. The sieve 6 is between the small and large cone diameter d or D at least partially around the body of revolution 8 arranged at a distance, as shown on the basis of the embodiment according to FIG has been explained and which also applies to all other embodiments. On the outside of the sieve 6 is the discharge device 9 with the suction pipe 10 intended for the fibrous materials. The procedure used with this device is carried out, is that the products or mixtures of materials 12 are fed continuously in the area of the small cone diameter d.

Takes place during the smashing of the products or mixtures of materials by the action of the conical body of revolution 8 a conveying of the materials in the axial direction along the body of revolution up to the area of the large cone diameter D. T) he shredded non-fibrous material is contimlierlich over the Discharge device 11 sucked off, as indicated at 14 d. Be at the same time the fibrous materials are continuously sucked off through the sieve 6, as indicated at 13.

Since the device of FIG. 4 is operated in this way (amount of material supplied per time unit, number of revolutions of the ro- animal components, ect.) and is constructed (sieve) that the non-fibrous material cannot pass through the sieve 6 can go through, it is also possible to design the sieve 6 so that it in contrast to the illustration in FIG. 4, over the entire axial length of the rotating body 8 extends.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5 works in principle in the same way Continuously like the embodiment of Figure 4, it differs of this, however, in that the driver 2 formed by the rotation Rotary body 8 is not conical, so that by the conical shape of the rotary body 8 in Figure 4 conditional transport of the processed materials in the axial direction other way is effected. This happens according to Figure 5 in that the drivers, which are not shown individually in FIG. 5, spirally along their axis of rotation are arranged, as indicated by the spiral lines 20. In addition, in close distance from the body of revolution formed by the rotation of the drivers 8 spiral guide strips 21 on the inner wall of the housing 3 and optionally arranged on the inside of the sieve 6. This also results in this way an axial transport of the processed materials from the feeding device 1 to the discharge device 11 for the non-fibrous material, so that the structure of the device according to FIG. 5, otherwise the device according to FIG 4 corresponds.

It should be noted that the spiral arrangement of the Driver or the arrangement of the guide 21 alone do sufficient to generate a sufficient transport effect in the axial direction can be, so that these two measures are not necessarily provided together have to. On the other hand it is also, to strengthen the axial transport effect, In the device according to FIG. 4, it is possible to provide corresponding guide strips 21 there.

In Figure 6 there is one embodiment of a discontinuous batch operable device shown in which the loading takes place axially, as here the feed device 1 axially with respect to the rotating component 4 into the housing 3 opens. In this way it is possible to design the screen 6 so that it is around the entire circumference of the body of revolution formed by the rotation of the driver 2 extends so that the released fibrous substances optimally over several Suction pipes 10, which are distributed around the circumference of the sieve 6, are sucked off can; in a corresponding way is an optimal suction of the non-fibrous Material by means of the suction pipes 11, which are in the area of the TTmfangs of the rotating body 8 are arranged, possible.

Of course, the type of embodiment of FIG. 6 also applies applicable to the continuously operating devices according to FIGS.

Finally, FIG. 7 shows a combination of the device according to FIG 1 shown with a conventional cutting device 22. This cutting device can for example be of the type described in German Disclosure document 2 704 035 is shown and described, and thus a pre-shredding of the products or material mixtures.

There is also a gate valve 23 between the cutting device 22 and the device below for separating the fibrous materials and the non-fibrous materials provided, and a gate valve 19 is located in the suction tube 11 for the non-fibrous material. The gate valve 19 and 23 can also be arranged and designed in the manner as shown in FIG of Figure 2 explained.

The cutting device 22, which is also removed from the device for Separation of fibrous core materials from the non-fibrous materials may be provided can, in which case the transport of the pre-shredded products or mixtures of raw materials between the two devices by means of conventional mechanical or pneumatic Transport device takes place, any of the other devices can also be connected upstream be, in particular the device according to Figure 4 or 5.

The T) reel axis of the rotating R-uteile 4 is denoted by 24, with 25 is an arrow with which the rotation of the rotating B 'parts is indicated, designated.

It should also be noted that the characteristics of the various Devices, as far as these are not mutually exclusive, combined with one another can be; for example, the arrangement of several sieves, as shown in the Figure 2 is shown, also in the other devices provided be, and there can be more than two sieves one behind the other to to be able to obtain even more different fractions of fibrous materials.

Figure 8 shows a fifth embodiment, part of which, in which the crushing of the non-fibrous materials takes place, only half to the left of the axis line A-A is shown. In the housing 3 that is the same or similar to which is according to Figure 1, is a rotating component 4 with rigid drivers 27, the can be completely blunt, for example made of round material, provided Mitnehmergegenstficke 28 are stationary on the housing 3 and / or on the screen 6 on a bridge to the rigid drivers 27 arranged, i.e. in such a way that they do not come into direct contact with the drivers 27 come.

If the sieve 6 has a rough surface on its facing the catches 27 Has side, then driver counterparts 28 are not absolutely necessary. Of the The circumference of the rotating body 8 is kept so large that products or mixtures of materials not being able to wrap it around it, which can also be achieved by connecting a cutting device upstream 22 and / or by high circumferential speed and / or by means of the entrainment part 28 can be achieved.

In addition, FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment, of which the fifth embodiment different part half to the right of the axis line A-A is shown. Tlier is the rotating component 4 with rigid knife-like drivers 26, these can also be used together with Driver counterparts 28 work.

The devices according to FIG. 8 operate discontinuously.

In the embodiment of Figure 9, rigid drivers 27 are on one rotating flat component 29 arranged, preferably with increasing forceps of the rigid driver 27 in the direction of increasing diameter. The stationary driving counterparts 28 are arranged on a gap and with increasing length in the same direction and in such a way that that they protrude into the rotation body formed by the rotation of the driver.

The device works discontinuously.

Figure 10 shows half of two further embodiments, which in principle correspond to FIG. conical design of the rotating component 4 a longer effective distance relatively small diameter is achieved.

In the embodiment shown to the left of the axis line B-B, the rotating component 4 is provided with rigid drivers 27, and there are stationary Driving counter sticks 28 are arranged on the housing 3. The housing 3 is in the area of the small cone diameter beginning as a sieve 6, partially or over the whole area. The discharge device 9 is preferably placed on the housing 3 in the form of an annular channel. The cone angles of the rotating component 4 and the housing 3 can be different.

In the embodiment shown to the right of the axis line B-B, the rotating component 4 is designed partially or over the whole area as a sieve 6, and preferably starting at the small diameter of the cone.

By moving the rotating component 4 along its axis of rotation 24 can be the gap created by the inner and outer cone, i.e. between housing 3 and rotating component 4, is formed, can be adjusted within limits.

The device works continuously - Blank page -

Claims (1)

Process and device for separating products or mixtures of materials from fibrous materials and non-fibrous materials PATENT CLAIMS 1. Process for separating products or mixtures of fibrous and non-fibrous materials Materials such as cigarette filters or cigarette filter production rejects; Material mixtures made of paper and sheets or foils; Ceiling, wall or floor coverings with fibrous Materials on a non-fibrous carrier layer or the like, in fibrous Materials on the one hand and non-fibrous materials on the other hand, d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c ii n e t that the products or material mixtures are made of fibrous Materials and non-fibrous materials in the range of action of in a housing (3) rotating drivers (2.27) conveyed the fibrous materials by the drivers (2.27) released as well as the released fibrous materials separated from the non-fibrous materials from the Housing (3) sucked off and the non-fibrous oil materials from the area of action of the rotating drivers (2, 27) are removed, with the products or materials mixtures being removed from the rotating Flashing devices (2.27), which are arranged on one or more rotating components (4) are, alone or in conjunction with stationary driving objects (28) in the are essentially smashed and the fibrous materials released in the process be sucked off through a sieve (6), either the non-fibrous materials are only crushed so roughly that they do not go through the sieve (6), or the fibrous materials are sucked off through the sieve (6) before the non-fibrous ones Materials are so finely crushed that they pass through the sieve (6). 2o method according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the products or material mixtures discontinuously in batches fed to the drivers (2.27), smashed, thereby releasing the fibrous Materials extracted and then the non-fibrous materials before feeding of the next batch must be removed from the area of action of the drivers (2.27). 3. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the products or mixtures of materials in one end of a body of revolution (8) formed by rotation by the participants (2.27) continuously zugef; .Ert, during the smashing in the axial direction along the rotating body (8) promoted and the broken non-fibrous materials at the other end portion of the rotating body (8) continuously removed, preferably suctioned, while the fibrous Materials in the intermediate area between the two end areas and optionally sucked continuously in one or both end regions of the rotating body (8) will. 4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the fibrous materials over several arranged one behind the other Sieves are sucked off. 5. Device for performing the method according to one of the claims 1 to 4 for the separation of products or material mixtures made of fibrous materials and non-fibrous materials such as cigarette filters or cigarette filter production rejects; Mixtures of materials made from paper and sheets or foils; Ceiling, wall or floor coverings with fibrous materials on a non-fibrous carrier layer or the like, into fibrous materials on the one hand and non-fibrous materials on the other hand, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the sharp or blunt-shaped Driver (2, 27) which are movable on one or more rotating components (4) or are arranged rigidly, alone or together with stationary, movable or rigidly provided as well as sharp or blunt shaped driver counterparts (28) are arranged and / or designed so that they are the products or mixtures of materials essentially crushed from fibrous and non-fibrous materials, and that at least one sieve (6) wholly or partially wise to the by the rotation of the driver (2.27) formed rotational body (8) around in one such a small distance is provided that on the rough or smooth inside of the sieve (6) located materials to be separated can be detected by the drivers (2, 27) are. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the rotation body formed by the drivers (2) by rotation (8) continuously decreases in diameter, in particular is a cone, and that the feed device (1) opens in the area of the small diameter (d), that in the area of the large diameter (D) a continuously operating discharge device (11) for the broken up non-fibrous materials opens, and that the sieve (6), preferably completely or partially between the small and large diameter the rotary body (8) is arranged around. 7, device according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the drivers (2) are arranged in a spiral along their axis of rotation are and / or at a close distance from the one formed by the rotation of the driver (2) Rotary body (8) spiral guide strips (21) are arranged that at the beginning des due to the spiral arrangement of the driver (2) and / or guide rails (21) formed transport path the feed device (1) and at the end of the same a continuously operating discharge device (11) for the crushed non-fibrous materials opens, and that the sieve (6) between the beginning and the end of the transport path is wholly or partially arranged around the rotary body (8). 8. Apparatus according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the rotation body formed by the rotation of the driver (2) (8) has no axial transport effect and the feed device (1) and the Discharge device (9) for the fibrous materials on the one hand and a discharge device (11) for the broken non-fibrous materials, on the other hand, alternately discontinuously operable devices. 9. Apparatus according to claim 5, 6 or 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the feed device (1) with respect to that of the drivers (2) body of revolution (8) formed by rotation as an axial feed device (1) is formed. 10. Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, d a d u r c h g It is not noted that there is a cutting device in front of or in the feed device (1) (22) is provided. 11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 10, d a d u r c h g it is not indicated that the sieve (6) is one of the following sieves: (a) e-in sheet metal sieve with smooth effective surface; (b) a sheet metal sieve with a rough effective surface, in which the webs or edge zones (bulges) of the perforation left by the perforation are completely or partially deformed, preferably a slot, round or triangular Bridge perforated sieve or a sieve with rasp perforations in which the perforation is made by pushing through the material is made with a pointed mandrel; (c) a wire screen Made of wire mesh or wire mesh, which has a rough surface structure; or (d) a wire screen or wire mesh with a smooth effective surface, for example has been smoothed by rolling or pressing the screen. 12. Device according to one of claims 5 to 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n e i n e t that the driver counterparts (28) in the by the rotation engage the carrier (27) formed rotational body (8) or not. 13. Device according to one of claims 5 to 12, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n n e i n e t that (a) the driver (27) rotating on a plane Component (4) are arranged and that preferably the driver (27) and / or the Driver counterparts (28) are designed so that their length in the direction of the larger Increases in diameter; or that (b) the drivers on a conical rotating Component (4) are arranged, either the conical component (4) or the housing (3) is designed entirely or partially as a sieve (6), and in the latter Palle the Discharge device (9) for the fibrous materials, preferably in the form of an annular channel is provided on the housing (3).