DE3328877A1 - Granular detergent and cleaner with fabric-softening effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The detergent and cleaner contains particles of a cationic surface-active agent or wetting agent of the general formula: <IMAGE> in which R1 and R2, which can be identical or different, are each an alkyl group with 14 to 20 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of alkyl group with 16 carbon atoms to alkyl group with 18 carbon atoms being less than 1:9 to 0:10; R3 and R4, which can be identical or different, are each an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a benzyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a polyoxyalkylene group with 1 to 5 moles of oxyalkylene units and X is a halogen atom or a radical of the formulae -CH3SO4, -C2H5SO4 or <IMAGE> where the ratio (A) of the intensity of the primary diffraction peak in the long spacings to (B) the intensity of the strongest peak in the short (or lateral) spacings of the particles, determined in a powder X-ray diffraction method, is 2.0 or below. The granular detergent and cleaner with fabric-softening effect confers a particularly soft handle on washed fabrics.

Description

Henkel, Pfenning. Feiler, Hänzel & Meinig patent attorneys

Course asse-e. -Tete · .c- 'E

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Llon Corporation ^D '"9 ^Λ B-te-s

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Tokyo / Japan

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LN-4O6O-DE

Granular detergent and cleaning agent with
Fabric softening effect

-X-

The invention relates to a granular detergent and cleaning agent with fabric softening effect, the special one Crystalline particles of a cationic surfactant or wetting agent having properties contains and gives washed fabrics a particularly soft feel.

When fabrics are washed at home, they can be made soft to the touch by touching them Wash fabrics first with common detergents and cleaning agents and then after thorough rinsing with a large amount of water with a fabric softener containing a cationic surfactant or wetting agent, e.g. a quaternary ammonium salt. Separate washing and softening processes are, however, tedious and time consuming. Consequently, there is a considerable need for a detergent and cleaning agent with which Help you can wash fabrics and rinse them ■ soft at the same time.

It is known that only slightly water-soluble, double-substituted by long-chain alkyl groups quaternary ammonium salts are able to give fabrics a particularly soft feel when washed. if but double-substituted quaternary ammonium salts by long-chain alkyl groups together with detergents and cleaning agents are used, the desired soft feel can only be achieved with the greatest possible extent Trouble. This is due to the fact that detergents and cleaning agents used at home are in the Usually the main ingredient is anionic surface-active

Contain agents or wetting agents or non-ionic surface-active agents or wetting agents. This washing Quaternary ammonium salts added to detergents and cleaning agents are reduced by the in the detergents and cleaning agents contained surfactants or wetting agents attacked before they are washed by the Tissues are absorbed. The consequence of this is that the auaternary ammonium salts lose their ion properties lose and remain stably dispersed in the wash liquor. So one does not achieve the desired softness Grip feeling.

There has been no lack of attempts to find the desired fabrics soft feel even in the case of the addition of quaternary ammonium salts to the wash liquor during the To lend washing process. For example, it is known to granulate or quaternary ammonium salts coat with inorganic salts or organic dispersants to ensure the dispersion of the quaternary Ammonium salts in the washing and cleaning agent solution to control (see JP-OS 36-8927, US-PS 4,073,735 and JP-OS 53-41312 and 49-98403). In the event that the Washing conditions, e.g. the water temperature and the washing time, are constant, one can definitely achieve one certain degree of softness, but the softening effect that can be achieved here is still insufficient, as a result different washing conditions (different water temperatures in winter and summer and the like) the quaternary ammonium salts in the washing and cleaning agent solution either too quickly or too slowly be dispersed.

The object of the invention was to avoid it the disadvantages of conventional fabric softeners for

Fabric to develop a granular detergent and cleaning agent with fabric softening effect, which this during gives a particularly soft feel during the washing process.

The invention thus provides a granular detergent and cleaning agent with a fabric softening effect, which characterized in that it contains particles of a cationic surfactant or wetting agent the general formula

R-

(D

where mean:

R and R, which can be the same or different,. each represents an alkyl group having 14 to 20 carbon atoms, the molar ratio being an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms to an alkyl group of 18 carbon atoms is less than 1/9 to 0/10;

R and R, which can be the same or different, each represent an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a benzyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a polyoxyalkylene group with 1 to 5 mol (s) of oxyalkylene units and X is a halogen atom or a radical of Formulas -CH ₃ SO ₄ ,

-C ₂ H ₅ SO ₄

or -CH

contains, where the

Ratio (A) of the intensity of the primary diffraction peak in the long distances to (B) the intensity of the strongest peak in the short (or lateral) distances

that of the particles as determined by a powder X-ray diffraction method is 2.0 or less.
5

It has been shown that the crystal form of the quaternary ammonium salts to a large extent the dispersing and Absorption mechanisms (of the quaternary ammonium salts) in the presence of detergents and cleaning agents with anioni see or non-ionic surfactants or wetting agents as the main ingredient.

Cationic surface-active agents or wetting agents which can be used _{according to the invention are C g} -quaternary ammonium salts alone or in a mixture with quaternary ammonium salts with C -alkyl groups in a molar ratio of alkyl group with 16 carbon atoms / alkyl group with 18 carbon atoms of less than 1/9. Typical examples of such quaternary ammonium salts are distearyldimethylammonium salts, distearylbenzyldimethylammonium salts, disaarylmethylhydroxyethylammonium salts, distearyl

ryldihydroxyethyammonium salts, distearyldimethylammonium salts or less than 1/9 to O / 10 mixtures thereof with dipalmityldimethylammonium salts.

Typical counterions of the quaternary ammonium salts are chloride and bromide anions.

The double substituted by long-chain alkyl groups ated ammonium salts have a dissociable quaternary nitrogen atom as a polar group, two on it Hydrophobic, long-chain alkyl groups bound in four groups and a linear or "slender" asymmetric one Molecular structure. Thus, the quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula (I) form molecular crystals similar to those of common surfactants

or wetting agents or of fats and oils, e.g. triglycerides. The crystals of these substances grow in the direction of a molecular chain and also in one direction perpendicular to the direction of parallel molecular chains. In the case of X-ray diffraction patterns, this Crystals develop diffraction lines corresponding to the recurring units in a molecular chain direction in a long distance range and diffraction lines accordingly the repeating units in the cross section of the molecular chain in a short distance range. this also applies in the case of quaternary ammonium salts which are doubly substituted by long-chain alkyl groups.

It has now been shown that quaternary ammonium salt particles which gives the fabrics a particularly soft feel, if you look at the degree of their Crystal growth in a molecular chain direction and the degree of their crystal growth in a molecular chain guar section direction respect. In concrete terms, they must give the fabrics a particularly soft feel quaternary ammonium salt particles have a ratio (A) of. Intensity of the primary diffraction peak in long distances to (B) the intensity of the strongest peak in short (or lateral) distances between the particles, determined by a powder X-ray diffraction method, of 2.0 or less, suitably 1.3 or less. A ratio (A) / (B) greater than 2.0 confers the fabrics do not have the desired soft feel.

■.

The quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula (I) which are doubly substituted by long-chain alkyl groups are for example by spraying in the melted state and subsequent cooling or grinding converted into particles in chilled solid form. These

Particles can be mixed into common granular detergents and cleaning agents. In terms of a Optimal mixing in granular detergents and cleaning agents should be the particle diameter of the quaternary Ammonium salts are expediently about 1 mm or less.

Granular detergents and cleaning agents according to the invention typically contain, in addition to the aforementioned cationic surface-active agents or wetting agents, non-cationic surface-active agents or wetting agents, detergent builders and other customary additives. Examples of non-cationic surface-active agents or wetting agents are anionic, non-ionic and amphoteric surface-active agents or wetting agents, _{e.g. C 1 (} _ ΛΑ alkylbenzene sulfonates, C ₁₀ alpha olefin sulfonates,

^C 8-14 Al ^ _{oholethoxylate%} and alkylbetaines. Examples of detergent and cleaning agent builders are inorganic and organic builders, for example tri polyphosphates, pyrophosphates, silicates, carboxylates, sulfates, zeolites, citrates and polyacrylic acids. Examples of other common additives are anti-redeposition agents, such as carboxymethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol, foam control agents, fluorescent brighteners, dyes and perfumes.

According to the invention one achieves in a highly advantageous manner, even in the presence of detergents * and cleaning agents with anionic or non-ionic surface-active agents, in addition to the desired cleaning a whitening effect (on the washed fabrics).

The following example is intended to illustrate the invention in more detail.

Belspiel

First, particles of dihydrogen (double hardened) Dialkyldimethylammonium chloride (weight ratio Cio / C ^ g ~ 97/3) a particle diameter of under. 250 µm of different crystal shapes.

The ratio (A) / (B) and the softening effect are then determined from the particle samples obtained. the The results can be found in Table I below.

(1) Determination of the ratio (A) / (B) A double-coated adhesive tape a size of 20 mm 15 mm is so on the surface, a Glass plate 35 mm wide, 50 mm high and 1.7 mm Thickness glued on that part of the glass plate (11.5 mm from its top edge), is not covered with the tape. Thereafter, the dialkylammonium salt particles become evenly distributed on the top of the glass plate, so that they are on the entire surface of the tape stick. So . becomes an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the dialkylammonium salt particles under the following conditions recorded:

X-rays: CuK _A rays (A = 1.5418 8)

Filter: Ni

Gap: first gap: 1 ° χ 10 mm

second gap: 0.15 mm .20 mm

third gap: 1 ° χ 20 mm

X-ray tube voltage and current: 30 KV, 10 mA

Time constant: 1 s

Scanning speed: 2.0 ° / min

From the spectrum obtained, the peaks of (A) and (B), i.e. A: 2.6 °; B: 18.8 ° as the peak height from the baseline read and the ratio (A) / (B) calculated. 5

(2) fabric softening test

The fabric softening effect of detergents and cleaning agents is determined by washing tissue samples. The following tissue samples are used: 10

Cotton towel: 160 G Cotton knitwear: 340 G bleached cotton fabric: 200 G Acrylic jersey fabric: 180 G Nylon tricot fabric: 120 G total 1, 0 ka

The tissue samples are in a wash liquor with 0.133 % By weight of the granular detergent and cleaning agent in tap water at a temperature of 60 C during Washed for 10 min. Thereafter, the tissue samples are three times, each 3 min with tap water at one temperature rinsed at 60 C. Those washed and rinsed in this way Tissue samples are air dried.

.

Composition of the granular detergent and cleaning agent:

Wt%

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 20

Sodium C _1. -C ₁ g-alphaolefin sulfonate 3

Zeolite. . . · '15

Sodium carbonate .10

Sodium Silicate (No. 2.2) 10

Water _t . 10

Sodium sulfate residue

The detergent and cleaning agent of the specified composition and the dialkyldimethylammonium salt particles, according to Table I /, become quaternary in proportion Ammonium salt / detergent and cleaning agent mixed by 5/95. The detergents and cleaning agents obtained are then used in the following washing test. The one in the Fabric samples that have been pretreated in the manner described are placed in a jet-type household electric washing machine placed and 10 min in one of the respective 'granular Washing liquor containing detergents and cleaning agents

to wash. The washing conditions are as follows:

Lye temperature: .25 C

Detergent and cleaning agent concentration: 0.133%

(40 g / 30 liters)

Bath ratio, i.e. volume ratio wash liquor / tissue samples: 30

After washing, it is spun for 1 min. The washed tissue samples are then washed with tap water for 3 minutes rinsed at a temperature of 25 ° C and spun again for 1 min. The whole thing is repeated once. The washed fabric samples are then air-dried for 24 hours.

(3) Evaluation

The cotton towels are separated and, as part of a sensory test (impression regarding grip

30. speed or feel) of 10 examiners on the achieved Softening effect checked. The results are combined with the results with appropriately treated, but with a commercially available detergent and cleaning agent used as comparison test specimens Cotton towels in comparison law. The evaluation is carried out according to the following scheme:

++: The plasticizing effect achieved according to the invention is better than the softening effect achieved with the comparison test specimens with a significance level of 1 %.

+: The softening effect achieved according to the invention is better than the softening effect achieved with the comparison test items, although the degree of significance of 1% is not achieved.

: No softening effect, the feel corresponds to the grip the feel of the comparison test specimens.

Table I. Test item no. (AWAY) 1 0.40 2 0.42 3 0.55 4th 0.73 5 1.24 6th 1, 87 7th 2.14 8th 2.89

Softening effect on cotton towels

Claims (3)

Claims 1. Granular detergent and cleaning agent with fabric softening effect, characterized in that it particles of a cationic surfactant or wetting agent of the general formula: R. ¹ N R- (I) where mean: R and R, which can be the same or different, each represent an alkyl group with 14 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein the molar ratio is an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms to an alkyl group of 18 carbon atoms is less than 1/9 to 0/10; R and R., which can be the same or different, each represent an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a benzyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a polyoxyalkylene group with 1 to 5 mol (s) of oxyalkylene units and X is a halogen atom or a radical of the formulas -CH-SO ₄ , -C ₂ H ₅ SO ₄ or -CH contains, where the Ratio (A) the intensity of the primary diffraction peak in the long distances to (B) the intensity of the strongest peaks in the short (or lateral) distances that of the particles, determined as part of a powder X-ray diffraction method, Is 2.0 or less. 2. Washing and cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the quaternary ammonium salt from C _{Λ o} -quaternary ammonium salts and / or Ge-1 ö mix them with C ₁ , -guaternary ammonium salts 1 D in the molar ratio C ₁ -alkyl groups / C .. _O -alky! groups of Ib · ίο there is less than 1/9 to 0/10. 3. A method for the simultaneous cleaning and softening of soiled fabrics, characterized in that that the fabric is washed with a granular "washing or cleaning agent according to claims 1 or 2".