DE3604039A1 - TEXTILE DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENT - Google Patents

Description

Granular detergent compositions containing builders which - in addition to the usual textile detergent ingredients, in particular based on detergent surfactants and builder systems for this - contain highly swellable water-insoluble fine-particle smectite clays, have been extensively described in the literature. Reference is made, for example, to DE-AS 23 34 899, which DE-OS 32 06 265, 32 06 379, 33 11 368, 33 11 782, 33 12 774 and 33 44 099. The use of the insoluble fine particles Smectittone, especially corresponding montmorillonite, Hectorite and / or saponite is said to be in addition to the textile detergent give its cleaning effect the ability to wash the Soften textile so that washing and softening in can be summarized in one operation. The in the Practice previously adjustable options in this way softening is extremely limited. At best hardly noticeable softening effects in the washed and dried textile achieved. The subsequent treatment of the washed textiles in the rinsing bath or in a subsequent one Treatment level with the known fabric softeners The basis of quaternary ammonium compounds has so far been indispensable, if really noticeable regarding fabric softening Effects are to be achieved. The same applies to the known attempts, the common process of washing and To improve softening in that in the textile detergents Combinations of the highly swellable Smectittone together used with selected quaternary ammonium compounds  that are usually two long chain alkyl residues next to two have short-chain alkyl radicals. Please refer to this Connection for example to the US-PS 41 41 841 respectively DE-OS 28 57 162.

In DE-AS 21 44 592 and 21 61 726 are textile detergents described, in addition to the usual washing-active nonionic and / or anionic surfactant components alkali salts of alphasulfonated saturated fatty acids with 14 to 20 carbon atoms contain. These disalts of alpha sulfo fatty acids are said to either serve only as a builder for the surfactant components used or together with usual builder combinations, in particular based on calcium ions complex binding and / or precipitating builders salts are used. As part of This teaching asserts that such means in the Wash the fabrics soften and it is believed that this effect is probably due to the deposition of disalts the alpha-sulfonated fatty acids on the textile surface is. If you try to quantify this softening effect, this shows that here too, at best, a very great deal weak aviva effect is present, which is at the limit of perceptibility lies.

The present invention is based on the finding that Surprisingly strong wash bath conditioning effects can then be obtained can, if the well-known highly swellable insoluble finely divided layered silicates with aviva effect in combination with disalts alpha-sulfonated fatty acids and / or in combination with certain selected surfactants.

The invention accordingly relates to the use from

• a) highly swellable finely divided layered silicates in particular  Basis of Smectit clays in combination with
• b) disalting alpha-sulfonated fatty acids and / or
• c) selected surfactants from the class of wash-active fatty alcohol sulfates, wash-active alkyl glycosides, wash-active fatty acid alkanolamides and / or wash-active alkyl ether amines

in textile washing and cleaning agents to form an improved, especially synergistically enhanced softening effect in the washed and dried textile at the same time good washing and cleaning effect for soiled Textiles.

As highly swellable, finely divided layered silicates (component a) are numerous silicate materials natural and / or synthetic Suitable for origin. In particular, will be mica-like Layered silicates with a three - layer structure from the group of Smectite used. These include montmorillonite, hectorite, Saponite, beidellite and comparable compounds. Is bentonite a suitable natural feed, which is known for predominantly layered silicate of the montmorillonite structure contains. Corresponding smectite clays are among the most varied Trade names available on the market. As Examples include the materials under the product names "Laponite RD", "Dis-This-Extra" "Thixogel", "Softclark" or under other known trade names to be expelled.

The amount of this swellable layered silicate with an anti-aging effect is in the detergents according to the invention - based on the finished dry total agents - in the range of about 3 to 25 Weight percent, especially in the range of about 5 to 15 Percent by weight.  

Alpha-sulfonated fatty acids (component b) are used as disalts in particular corresponding salts of fatty acids with 10 to 22 C atoms, preferably from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Corresponding salts with 14 to 18 carbon atoms can be special be suitable. Corresponding salts of a certain fatty acid Carbon number or salts of fatty acid cuts of specified range can be used. Special meaning can be in the range of higher carbon numbers here mentioned range, in particular in the range of about 16 to There are 18 carbon atoms.

In particular, the corresponding alkali metal Disalze and above all the sodium disalz into consideration. The These fatty acid disalts are prepared in a manner known per se Way by sulfonation of the corresponding free fatty acids or their esters, especially the corresponding methyl ester with subsequent ester saponification. The fatty acids themselves can be of natural and / or synthetic origin. For the production light-colored and color-stable salts of alpha-sulfonated The relevant extensive knowledge of the professional world applies to fatty acids for sulfonation of the starting materials concerned here.

The salts of the alpha-sulfonated fatty acids are common in amounts of about 2 to 40 percent by weight, preferably in Amounts of about 2 to 20 percent by weight - each based on the dry mixture of active ingredients - used. In an important one Embodiment of the invention can disalt at the same time the essential surfactant component of the detergent mixture turn off. In these cases, at least about 15 percent by weight, preferably at least about 20 percent by weight Disalt are present in the washing detergent mixture. For the Training the synergistically enhanced aviva effect can however, be useful with comparatively low amounts to work on Disalzen. The use of 1  up to 2 percent by weight of disalt a significant increase in effectiveness bring, especially here comes the range of about 2 to 20 percent by weight of disalt into consideration, with amounts of about 2 to 10 percent by weight of disalt may be particularly preferred can.

In addition to or instead of using disalts according to the component b can have an enhanced anti-aging effect according to the invention but also through the selection of very specific surfactant components be achieved. In the shared use of these selected Surfactants with the swellable layered silicates (component a) and the Disalzen (component b) are optimal results both in the direction of a high-quality washing result and in Directed towards a high-quality finishing result.

The selected surfactants affected here are mentioned in the 4 Classes c 1. to c 4. divided. The following applies in particular:

Component c 1:

Wash-active fatty alcohol sulfates are the known sulfuric acid esters of natural and / or synthetic fatty alcohols, preferably with 10 to 22, in particular 12 to 20, carbon atoms. Fatty alcohol sulfates in the range of C ₁₄ -C ₁₈ can be of particular importance here. C ₁₆ / C ₁₈ - fatty alcohols and especially tallow alcohol or tallow alcohol sulfate are important components for the invention in this sense.

Component c 2:

Active alkylglycosides, their preparation and their use has been known for a long time, for example, reference is made to the U.S. Patents 38 39 318, 37 07 535 and 35 47 828, the DE-OS 19 05 523, 19 43 689, 20 36 472 and  30 01 064. They are manufactured in particular by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with alcohols with a C chain length of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, in particular 10 to 18 carbon atoms. The degree of oligomerization of the sugar residues in the Alkyl glycosides can be up to about the numerical value 8, preferably reach up to about 5.

Component c 3:

Fatty acid alkanolamides are the known washing-active compounds, which are sold by the applicant, for example, under the trade name "Comperlane". These are mono- and / or dialkanolamides - in particular corresponding ethanolamides - of fatty acids in the chain length range from C ₁₀ to C ₂₂ , in particular C ₁₂ to C ₁₈ . Compounds of this type are known in practice in particular as detergent boosters.

Component c 4:

The alkyl ether amines affected here are also known as detergent boosters. These are compounds which can be prepared, for example, by reacting sulfate esters of fatty alcohol polyethoxylates with primary or secondary amines. In addition to a long-chain alkyl radical - usually C ₁₀ to C ₂₂ , preferably C ₁₂ to C ₁₈ - they contain a polyalkoxy chain, in particular the polyethoxy ether group with a degree of oligomerization of up to 5 or 6, preferably up to 4, which in turn is substituted with a substituted amino group .

The selected surfactants (components c) are in total Amounts up to about 25 percent by weight, preferably in the range from about 4 to 20 weight percent - each based on the dry total detergent - used. 5 to 15 weight percent these surfactants can be a particularly useful range.

In an important embodiment there are selected surfactant components Fatty alcohol sulfates (c 1) optionally in a mixture with alkyl glycosides (c 2) as main surfactant components in front. The fatty acid alkanolamides (c 3) and / or ether amines (c 4) in contrast, are contained in smaller quantities. So can for example about 50 to 80 percent by weight of those selected Surfactant components through compounds of classes c 1 and / or c 2 be formed while the rest of the washing power Components of groups c 3 and / or c 4 are present.

In addition to components a, b and / or c, the Textile detergent according to the invention usual ingredients. Here are particularly considered:

Other common surfactants.

It is important, however, that in a preferred Embodiment on the use of the known washing active non-ionic surfactant components are dispensed with by polyalkoxylation of fatty alcohols and / or alkylphenols be formed. It turns out that at least through sharing considerable amounts of such in detergents per se usual nonionics substantially impaired the aviva effect can be.

Common builder - or builder components. Here all known systems come into consideration. So it can with conventional polyphosphate builder systems - in particular STP -  or also be worked entirely or partially without phosphate. In the latter cases, it is suitable as a builder component especially the well-known crystalline synthetic aluminosilicate of the zeolite type, in particular zeolite NaA and / or NaX. The usual co-builders can be used together with this which are usually calcium complex binding and / or are due connections. In detail, the known Knowledge of the expert referred.

Bleaching components, especially peroxide compounds like sodium perborate.

Washing alkalis such as water glass, soda and the like.

Additives to improve dirt-carrying capacity, for example CMC.

Enzymes, fragrances and dyes and other common additives in Detergents.

The sum of the components a to c essential to the invention can in the detergent mixtures according to the invention, for example 20 up to 80 percent by weight, preferably 25 to 65 percent by weight - based on the total dry detergent mixture - turn off. The rest are enumerated by the usual ones previously Detergent ingredients formed.  

Examples Examples 1 to 8

The fabric softener effect of various detergent formulations is described in Launderometer tests checked.

Test conditions in the Launderometer: 60 ° C, 16 ° i.e., liquor = 1: 20, 30 min. Wash, 10 steel balls, cotton terry.

The builders combination described below, which in all Try the same, different amounts of the active ingredients or combinations of active ingredients specified in Table 1 added. Here mean:

C _16/18 disalt: sodium disalz of an alpha-sulfofatty acid mixture based on C _16/18 .

Akylglucoside: wax-active compound based on a C _12/14 alkyl residue, average degree of oligomerization 1.4.

Dis-This Extra: highly swellable layered silicate
FSA: Coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide

The compositions of the tested washing powder formulations and the associated grip notes of the washed and dried textile Test pieces are summarized in Table 1 below. The synergistic effect enhancement is from the comparison Examples 1, 2 and 6 with the examples according to the invention 3 to 5, 7 and 8 can be seen.

The composition of the detergent powder in Examples 1 to 21 Basic ingredient used builder combination  as follows - all numerical values here and in the tables below mean weight percent based on total detergent formulation:

Water glass (Portil N): 7.0; Sodium perborate: 22.0; CMC: 0.5; EDTA: 0.2; Sodium sulfate: 30.0; Rest: water.

Table 1

Examples 9 to 21

In a second series of lauderometer determinations, the Using different combinations of surfactants examined. The respective Compositions of the detergent formulations examined and the grip marks obtained are in the following Table 2 summarized. The following applies:

Laponite RD: highly swellable, finely divided layered silicate
C _16/18 disalt: see the explanation for Table 1
Alkyl glucoside: see the explanation for Table 1
TAS: sodium salt of tallow alcohol sulfate
FSA: see the explanation for Table 1
ABS: alkylbenzenesulfonate
Nio: coconut alcohol polyethoxylate with 7 mol EO
ES: Sodium alpha-sulfofatty acid sodium salt (C _16/18 - fatty acid)
Builders combination: see explanation of Table 1

Table 2

The negative effect with regard to the softening effect when used of common non-ionic surfactant compounds can be seen from Examples 17 and 18.

Examples 22-26

Test rags made of terry towels, molton and knitted fabrics are made in Household drum machines together with the usual standard Household laundry lot subjected to a 60 ° C wash 3 times. To Every wash the test rags are hanging under the conditions dried in a household linen dryer. The Dried test rags are applied after the 1st and 3rd wash in a test panel consisting of 5 selected people tactile rated. The test subjects have the task of each lobe's tactile properties range from -6 to +6 Allocate fingering scale, only half or whole Grades are awarded. The grades received for each rag are averaged and the differences of the mean values to statistical Significance checked. The unit of averaged Grip grade and ranking is used to evaluate the individual recipes used.

The detergent formulations used in Examples 22 to 26 are shown in Table 3 below. The ones in these examples The builders combination used contains the following Ingredients (again weight percent, based on the Total detergent):

Detergent builder based on zeolite NaA: 20.0;
Water glass (Portil N): 7.0;
Sodium perborate: 22.0;
EDTA: 0.2;
CMC: 0.5;
Bleach activator (TAED): 3.0;
CoBuilder based on a polymeric carboxylic acid (Sokalan CP5): 4.0;
Enzyme: 0.7;
Sodium sulfate: 10.0.

The grip notes after the 1st and 3rd wash are in the following Table 3 assigned to the respective recipes. Thereby apply the following additional information:

A high quality standard detergent without additives is added the parallel examination with a grade of 0.0 scheduled. A common standard detergent with additives of wash bath finish achieved in the grip assessment after the 1st wash the value of 0.22, after the 3rd wash the value of 0.24.

Those achieved with the detergent formulations according to Examples 22 to 26 Remission values on soiled standard test cloths correspond Comparative values as they are with commercially available high quality Household detergents can be achieved.  

Table 3

Claims (10)

1. Use of

• a) highly swellable, finely divided sheet silicates, in particular from the class of natural and / or synthetic crystalline smectites with a strongly swellable layer structure in combination with
• b) disalting alpha-sulfonated fatty acids of natural and / or synthetic origin, in particular of the chain length range of C ₁₀ -C ₂₂ and / or
• c) selected surfactants from the class

• 1. Fatty alcohol sulfates
• 2. Alkyl glycosides
• 3. Fatty acid alkanolamides and / or
• 4. Etheramine

in textile washing and cleaning agents to form a improved, especially synergistically enhanced softening effect in the washed and dried textile with good washing and cleaning effect for soiled at the same time Textiles. 2. Embodiment according to claim 1, characterized in that the swellable, finely divided layered silicates in quantities from about 3 to 25 percent by weight, preferably in amounts from about 5 to 15 percent by weight - each based on total detergent - Be used, in particular corresponding natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic, water-insoluble, finely divided layered silicates with Smectite structure of the Montmorillonite, Hectorite type and / or saponites are used. 3. Embodiment according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the alkali disalts of alpha-sulfonated fatty acids are used in amounts of about 2 to 40 percent by weight, preferably in amounts of about 2 to 30 percent by weight, based in each case on total detergents, these salts being derived from corresponding fatty acids of natural and / or synthetic origin, which are in particular in the C number range from C ₁₄ -C ₁₈ . 4. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the selected surfactant components according to c) 1 to 4 in total in amounts of about 4 to 25 percent by weight, preferably in amounts of about 5 to 20 Percentage by weight - based on total detergent - are used. 5. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fatty alcohol sulfates according to c) 1 and the fatty acid alkanolamides according to c) 3 are derived from natural and / or synthetic fatty acids in the range C ₁₀ -C ₂₂ , in particular C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ . 6. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that wash-active alkyl glycosides with 8 to 22nd C atoms, preferably with 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl radical are used, in particular alkyl mono- and / or Alkyl polyglycosides with up to 8 glycoside residues, in particular with up to 3 glycoside residues can be used. 7. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that as surfactant component c) 4 wash-active Etheramines are used which are an alkyl radical natural and / or synthetic origin with 8 to 22, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms linked to a polyalkylene oxide ether group have, which in turn preferably consists of up to 6, in particular up to 4, ethylene oxide groups are formed  is and is attached to an amino group that can also be substituted once or twice and in particular straight-chain and / or branched alkyl substituents each contain up to 10 carbon atoms. 8. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the textile washing and cleaning agents in addition to components a), b) and c), common detergent ingredients like other common surfactants, builders respectively Builder systems, peroxide compounds, washing alkalis, Dirt-carrying compounds, enzymes and / or fragrance and contain dyes. 9. Embodiment according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the textile washing and cleaning agents are largely or completely free of conventional water-soluble synthetic nonionic organic Active detergents, especially based on condensation products of ethylene oxide with higher fatty alcohol and / or alkylphenols.