DE3323572A1 - Process for further treatment of the hydrogenation residue arising in the hydrogenation of heavy oils - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for further treatment of the hydrogenation residue arising in the hydrogenation of heavy oils, the hydrogenation residue and the catalyst contained therein are passed into the bottom phase of a coal hydrogenation unit and hydrogenated together with coal. The hydrogenation residue can be introduced directly into the bottom phase of the coal hydrogenation unit or be used as pasting oil for the coal.

Description

Process for the further processing of in the hydrogenation of

heavy hydrogenation residue produced. The invention relates to a process for the further processing of the hydrogenation of heavy oils Hydrogenation residue.

Due to the development of the general raw material situation more and more those arising from petroleum processing or directly from production Heavy oils subjected to a further hydrogenation treatment to reduce the proportion of light and Increase middle distillates. In addition, the hydrogenation of coal always wins greater interest.

In the hydrogenation of heavy oils, the hydrogenation reaction progresses the heavy oil residue present in each case is always less reactive. To get as many winnable as possible To obtain distillates, the hydrogenation conditions must therefore i.e. Temperature, pressure, addition of catalyst and residence time at the end of the hydrogenation given responsiveness. In particular, the dwell time must be disproportionate be expanded.

If the hydrogenation process is carried out optimally, optimally in Meaning of high distillate profit with the shortest possible residence time and low temperatures and pressures, must be reduced to a substantial proportion only under severe hydrogenation conditions recoverable distillates are dispensed with in the hydrogenation residue, which is usually is gassed, remains and is thus lost.

In addition, optimal process management requires a certain degree Excess of hydrogenation catalyst, so that at the end of the reaction path there is still a sufficient one Hydrogenation is present to dehydrate the products produced, for example To avoid coke formation. The excess catalyst remains in the hydrogenation residue and is also lost.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for further processing indicate the hydrogenation residue occurring during the hydrogenation of heavy oils, that avoids these disadvantages.

This object is achieved in that the Hydrogenation residue added to the sump phase of a coal hydrogenation and hydrogenated together with coal will.

The catalyst contained in the hydrogenation residue is advantageously not separated, but together with the hydrogenation residue from the bottom phase of the carbohydrate hydrogenation fed.

The residue from the heavy oil hydrogenation can be used directly in the hydrogenation reactor for carbohydrate hydrogenation are initiated. Advantageously, will However, it is at least partially used as grind oil, in addition to the carbohydrate itself extracted grind oil, used for the coal.

In the method according to the invention, it is no longer important already in the hydrogenation stage for the heavy oil as far as possible all recoverable distillates to obtain. The heavy oil hydrogenation can therefore under optimal conditions with regard to Pressure, temperature and dwell time take place. The potential in the hydrogenation residue remaining distillates are now split off in the sump phase of the coal hydrogenation.

The hydrogenation conditions are expediently used in the hydrogenation of the heavy oils adjusted so that the reactivity of the hydrogenation residue obtained Reactivity of the coal used.

This procedure, the reactivity of the residue one first hydrogenation stage, in which a raw material that is easier to hydrogenate is used, to adapt to the reactivity of a raw material that is difficult to hydrogenate and together with this in a second hydrogenation stage under correspondingly sharper Conditions to hydrogenate can generally also be used for other raw material combinations will. For example, heavy oil or lignite tar can be used in the first hydrogenation stage and in the second hydrogenation stage a heavy oil or tar pitch which is difficult to hydrogenate can be used.

The further hydrogenation of the residue in the bistufe in the bottom phase of the carbohydrate hydrogenation proves to be particularly advantageous as the The catalyst contained in the residue is still sufficient for carbohydrate hydrogenation Owns activity. This allows the addition of catalyst directly to the Reduce the swamp phase of the carbohydrate hydrogenation. On the other hand, the heavy oil hydrogenation can be carried out without loss in the event of an excess of catalyst. The residue from the Ulstufe also contains a lot of hydrogen. In addition to its use as a Grind oil for the coal therefore also acts as a hydrogen donor.

If you wanted to run a heavy oil hydrogenation plant on your own Feed hydrogenation residue to a gasification, since the heavy oil has no or only contains few inert components, hardly any slag. Those contained in petroleum residues Heavy metals therefore fall as dust from the gases produced or

when cleaning the gases in the washing water. so that additional expensive Process steps to remove the heavy metals are required.

In the gasification of the residue from the carbohydrate hydrogenation, on the other hand, one falls vitreous ash, in which the heavy metals contained in the coal are firmly enclosed are.

This ash is insoluble and can therefore be safely dumped.

As a result of the further hydrogenation according to the invention of the residue from the oil hydrogenation together with coal in the coal sump phase and subsequent gasification of the residue from the carbohydrate hydrogenation are now also those originally contained in heavy fuel oil Heavy metals are integrated in the ash in an environmentally neutral way.

Claims (4)

Process for further processing in the hydrogenation of heavy Oils accruing hydrogenation residue Patent claims: ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~ (1.) Process for the further processing of hydrogenation residue from the hydrogenation of heavy oils, characterized in that the hydrogenation residue in the sump phase of a coal hydrogenation plant given and hydrogenated together with coal. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the im Catalyst containing hydrogenation residue together with the hydrogenation residue from the bottom phase is fed to carbohydrate hydrogenation. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that the hydrogenation residue is at least partially used as a grind oil for the coal will. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the reactivity of the hydrogenation residue of the reactivity of the used Coal is adjusted.