DE3309495A1 - Round-bale opener for straw or hay - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an appliance which automatically cuts into pieces a relatively large stock of round bales of straw or hay and which conveys it away in the form of chopped material. A stock of a plurality of round bales lying in the form of an elongate cylinder on a horizontal chain conveyor is fed continuously to a cutting and gathering mechanism which cuts off the straw or hay on the circular end face, the chopped material falling into a conveyor member located underneath it and being transported away. The cutting mechanism is preferably mounted rotatably about the centre line of the straw stock and arrives by slow rotation at any point on the circular straw end face. It consists, for example, of a rotating knife chain, knife rollers or knives moving to and fro. For transporting the chopped material there is a worm, the tubular casing of which is equipped on the inside with longitudinally directed guide rails preventing the straw from being wound up.

Description

Round bale opener for straw or hay.

The invention relates to a device which automatically cuts a large supply of round bales of straw or hay and conveyed away in the form of pastry.

The device is especially designed for continuous and metering Feeding of straw firing systems is intended. Another use can be the dissolving and dosing of straw or hay in the livestock industry.

So far, round bale dissolving devices are known in which a bale is placed on a shredding mechanism. The straw is cut up by pulling the bale through Dead weight slips and falls through cutting rollers in the form of crocheted material.

Another method is to reverse the round bale to the Pressing process again handled in mats and a hook device fed.

The main disadvantage of this method is that there is always only one bale can be processed and adding another round bale is relatively cumbersome.

The heavy weight of the round bale is important in the case of the former Process due to friction requires a relatively high drive power on the knife rollers and the rollers and drives must be very stable.

Due to the dead weight of the bale, the geometry of the An exact dosage is an exact dosage not easy to reach due to the amount of straw.

The known round bale openers must be equipped with cutting rollers that reach the entire cross-section of the cut surface at the same time, which leads to considerable constructive

wall leads. In addition, especially with rotating Ilesser rollers, problems arise with winding problems with the untrimmed Plastic twine.

The invention is based on the object of a well-dosed To deliver tight straw or hay per unit of time, v / whether automatic operation, e.g. for heating purposes, for days without supervision and other special work should be possible. At the same time, the required drive energy for the Device can be reduced by reducing the friction when tearing and cutting the round bales.

The round bale opener according to the invention consists essentially from the components: bale conveyor chain, cutting mechanism and discharge conveyor as well as the necessary drives. The horizontal chain conveyor (1) takes a number of round bales (2) as a supply, with the bales lying one behind the other in the form of an elongated cylinder. It consists of two rails (3) »in each of which a chain with short drivers (4) runs, so that the entire bale supply of the The carrier chain is pushed on the rails. The bales are placed, for example, with a front loader, with lower Lifting height on the conveyor chain, which is just above the ground.

At the end of the bale conveyor chain is the cutting device, to which the round bales are fed with the circular face.

The cutting mechanism can consist of various devices. According to the invention, the active is proposed to keep the cutting part as small as possible and to move over the face of the round ball that all places in the Time lapse can be recorded repetitively. This is most easily done when the active cutting device (5) is around a central axis, e.g. in the form of a turntable (6), through which the drive shaft (7) for the cutting device goes.

The active cutting device can consist of Hesser rollers, back and forth going Llesserbalken with appropriate counter knives "exist. According to the invention, a circumferential Ilesser chain to use that from the central shaft is driven and stretched outwards to form a deflection sprocket set.

This has the advantage that the winding of the plastic tape, that the round bales hold together is prevented, the rotating bowls enable a counter-cutting effect and, above all, heaps of straw that have already fallen back into the middle of the system (central axis) and thereby be cut up. In addition, the knives can be attached to the chain at different angles to the cutting surface, so that by crossing over every single Lesser. above the entire circular cut surface a very favorable cutting effect is achieved.

The rotating cutting device should be cased in a barrel shape (9) so that the cut straw through a bottom lying sieve (10), which defines the maximum straw length, falls into the final transport element (11).

As a transport element is particularly suitable for firing purposes a screw conveyor. In order not to have to cut the crocheted material too small and still wrap the straw and to avoid tape in the conveying pipe (12), the invention proposes the inner sides of the pipe with longitudinally directed guide webs (13) to which the flow rate is a experiences reinforced longitudinal component.

It makes sense to have the cutting device and the screw conveyor each driven by their own geared motors to separate them Enable control. The cutting mechanism motor (14) drives the knife chain directly on the one hand and via a reduction gear wiard at the same time the slow turning movement of the cutting device itself, which altogether e.g. on a

Slewing ring is mounted, generated.

The latter drive can also be used to feed the bale conveyor chain derived, e.g. by an eccentric, which acts via a lever on a ratchet wheel and with adjustable Lever allows different feed speeds and cutting performance.

Alternatively, the chain conveyor can also be driven directly by its own gear motor (15 ·), with the Feed is determined by interval switching and there is also the option of fast forward and backward movement of the round bale supply for loading or for checking and maintaining the cutting device.

The advantages of the round bale opener 1 according to the invention

lie essentially in the fact that an arbitrarily expandable i

Round bale supply continuously and evenly broken down ■

and can be cut up. The straw supply can independently I

supplemented by the automatic dissolution operation. Through i

the inventive design of the cutting apparatus remains t

the structural effort and the number of moving and cutting ί

ends parts limited ^ 'Jäie problems of twine winding j

are avoided, with favorable cutting performance the "\

Drive energy consumption can be limited. λ

Claims (6)

ο 3 U ό '* 3 5 Patent claims: 1 / 'round baler for straw or hay, characterized in that a horizontally lying conveyor chain has a supply of r.ehrerer round bales, which in Pom one elongated cylinder rest continuously in the axial direction Moved towards a vertical cutting and gathering mechanism, which on the circular face of the Straw or hay cuts up and dissolves so that it falls into an underlying conveyor element and is thereby ejected v / ird. 2. Round bale dissolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor chain is divided and runs in sv / ei rails that are "parallel to each other in a. such a distance from each other that they carry the round balls, and short Ivlitnelimer of the chain the entire cylindrical Be able to push the supply of straw or hay in the axial direction on the rails. 3. Round bale dissolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting and Raff.-r.echar.isrhus rotates around a central axis, which in et v / a of the I. '. center line the round bale corresponds to and from a y / elle through this axis is driven so that in the course of one revolution the entire circular face of the foremost round bale swept over and according to the advance of the conveyor chain a slice of the round bale is cut up and dissolved. 'd 4. Round bale dissolver according to claim 1 and 3 » characterized in that the cutting and raffir: echanis;: iuo consists of one or more rotating knife chains driven by sprockets on the central shaft and are guided by external pulleys, at least some of the knives on an approximately radial line on the circular face of the foremost round bale cutting or tearing and other kesser possibly picking up fallen straw or hay in buying and cutting in the direction of the central axis of the system, with appropriately mounted 'fixed counter knives' Increase cutting effect. ... . 5. Round bale dissolver according to claim 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the area of action of the circumferential L 'eater chain system on the outside of a barrel-shaped cladding urageben is, with a lower part left free and instead has a correspondingly curved screen through which the sufficiently small cut Straw or hay can fall into the conveyor element below, while the longer straw or hay from the circulating one Chain is picked up again and cut again. 6. Round bale dissolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor member for the cut straw or hay consists of a screw conveyor, the picks up the clippings in a trough open at the top and conveys them further in a tube, with the trough and tube on the Inner wall continuously longitudinal webs are attached, which reduce the winding of the Sclinittguts and its movement give a component directed in the direction of the pipe.