DE3222554A1 - Perforated support plates or deflection plates of shell-and-tube heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to perforated support plates or deflection plates which are arranged between the tube plates of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with incident cross-flow and through the bores of which tubes are led, the diameter of the bores being relatively far above the outside tube diameter, and the annular gaps thus achieved being bridged by spacer bushes which have radially on the outside an elastic zone which compensates the manufacturing tolerances. This results, with relatively low production costs, in as small as possible a gap between the tube and the surrounding support zone.

Description

Perforated support plates or deflection plates from

Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers The invention relates to between the tube sheets of cross-flow tube bundle heat exchangers, especially condensers, arranged perforated support plates or deflection plates, through the holes of which the Pipes are passed through.

In such capacitors, the support plates are used to avoid in particular vibrations caused by the transverse flow, whereby one is when choosing the maximum support length of the empirical value of 25 to 50 times the pipe diameter served. For reasons of vibration, the gap between the pipe outer wall would have to be and the associated bore should be as small as possible, which, however, results in very high manufacturing costs would bring with it. - For tube bundle heat exchangers with a very large number of tubes, e.g. in the case of condensers in steam power plants, are therefore used in practice for reasons of cost no holes made of the highest quality. When making the holes of the support plates - with the holes of several in a row or support plates stacked on top of one another are produced at the same time - is coming there are always significant excesses of the specified tolerances. For example, with a nominal bore diameter of 25.5 mm for a pipe with an outer diameter of 23 mm, sometimes with a bore diameter of 24 mm and larger. -Through these relatively large excesses of the nominal dimension, the pipes will vibrate favored by cross flow of steam, gas and the excitation forces acting on the pipe are, due to the larger oscillation amplitude, amplified. - The risk of burst pipes is significantly increased.

The invention is based on the object of providing a support plate or To create baffle assembly in which it is possible with relatively small Manufacturing costs the smallest possible gap between the pipe and the surrounding one To achieve support zone.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the diameter the holes are relatively far above the pipe outer diameter, and that the achieved Annular gaps are bridged by spacer sleeves, the radially outside a die Have manufacturing tolerances compensating elastic zone.

Low manufacturing costs for the spacer sleeves result if plastic is used as the material for the spacer sleeves.

Appropriately, the elastic zone of each spacer is through axially arranged one behind the other ribs, in particular in the form of a ring, formed.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the spacer sleeves a flange-like collar on one end face and a flange-like collar on the other end face radially elastic spreading ¢, in the direction of the support plate or deflection plate Directed axial securing elements distributed over the circumference: duck up.

The invention is illustrated below using an exemplary embodiment, which shows a cross section through a built-in spacer sleeve, explained in more detail.

With 1 is a section of a support plate - which is known in Way perpendicular to the. Housing jacket of the capacitor over the entire housing cross-section extends - numbered a condenser for steam power plants. The support plates have through, cylindrical bores 2 through which the coolant leads Pipes 3 are passed.

(The ends of the tubes are fastened in tube sheets in the known manner). The diameter of the bores is much larger than the outside diameter of the pipe.

For example, the diameter of the bores is 2 in a pipe with 25 mm outer diameter 28 to 29,! r ..

In the bores 2 spacer sleeves ii 'are arranged with their outer, elastic zones rest against the bore walls and with their central Bores encompass the assigned pipe areas.

The spacers 4 are all designed the same.

Each spacer sleeve 4 has a cylindrical, tubular shape part 4a with a Fixing the pushed tube 5 sufficient strength (Hardness) on. The inner diameter of the central bore of the tubular part 4a has a tightly tolerated oversize compared to the pipe outer diameter, which means the effect of pipe vibrations is kept within permissible limits. On that End face, from which the tube 3 is pushed through the bore, points the part 4a has a collar or flange 4b, the outer diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the hole 2. The collar or

wlanscr, 4b lies with its inner surface on the associated side surface the support plate 1, whereby the spacer sleeve 4 against axial displacement in the direction the pipe insertion direction is secured.

The axial securing in the other direction is carried out by several - preferably three - arranged over the circumference of the tubular part 4a hook-shaped Noses 4c or the like, which are sprung open in the installed state of the spacer sleeve as well are directed obliquely inwards outwards. The noses 4c are made of such an elastic material and designed so that when the spacer sleeve 4 is pushed into the bore 2 are compressed towards the outer surface of the part 4a, the maximum radial extension during the insertion of the spacer sleeve equal to or is less than the diameter of the hole 2.

The spacer sleeve 4 is on the outside of the tubular part 4a provided with elastic ribs 4d, which are preferably in a closed ring shape are designed to achieve symmetrical force distribution in the spacer sleeve. The ribs 4d, which are in The spacer bushing is dismantled vertically or are arranged inclined inwards and have an outer diameter, which is larger than the diameter of the hole 2, lay down when you insert the Spacer sleeve 4 around, with the tips of the ribs 4d on the wall of the bore to rest come. The ribs 4d to a certain extent form an elastic zone, so that relatively large tolerances can be bridged, with the production of the holes 2 resulting differences in the nominal size of the holes are compensated.

The material used for the spacer sleeves 4 are e.g.

certain plastics, such as polypropylene, Hostalen or the like. In question.

The spacers according to the invention can also be used with corresponding Bores are used in baffles or baffles of tube bundle heat exchangers will.

The support plates (or baffles) are as usual before assembly of the condenser (or heat exchanger) are drilled, taking packets of plates at the same time be drilled. The insertion of the spacers 4 can be done after the support plate (or baffle) connected to the housing of the condenser (or heat exchanger) is. The pipes are threaded in from the side on which the collar of the spacer sleeves lies.

The holes 2 can be on the side facing the collar 4b to the support plate face be rounded off with a radius, in particular to facilitate the insertion of the tubes to facilitate.

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Claims (4)

Claims between the tube sheets of tube burner del Wrireaustausehern, in particular capacitors, arranged perforated support plates or deflection plates, the tubes are passed through the bores, characterized in that the diameter of the bores (2) is relatively far above the pipe outer diameter, and that the annular gaps thus achieved are bridged by spacer sleeves (4) which radially on the outside an elastic zone compensating for the manufacturing tolerances (4d) have, 2. Plate arrangement according to Pnspruch 1, characterized in that plastic is used as the material for the spacer sleeves (4). 3. Plate arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that that the elastic zone of each spacer sleeve (4) is arranged axially one behind the other Ribs (4d), in particular in a ring shape, is formed. 4. Plate arrangement according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the spacers (4) one flange-like each on one end face Collar (4b) and on the other end face a radially elastically expanding, directed in the direction of the support plate or deflection plate, distributed over the circumference Have axial securing elements (4c).