EP0436105B1 - Spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Spinning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436105B1
EP0436105B1 EP90122259A EP90122259A EP0436105B1 EP 0436105 B1 EP0436105 B1 EP 0436105B1 EP 90122259 A EP90122259 A EP 90122259A EP 90122259 A EP90122259 A EP 90122259A EP 0436105 B1 EP0436105 B1 EP 0436105B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
pump
spinning
spinning apparatus
block
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP90122259A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0436105A3 (en
EP0436105A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Berger
Ralph Dr. Sievering
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Oerlikon Barmag AG
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Barmag AG
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Publication of EP0436105A2 publication Critical patent/EP0436105A2/en
Publication of EP0436105A3 publication Critical patent/EP0436105A3/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/08—Supporting spinnerettes or other parts of spinnerette packs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spinning device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This spinning device is the subject of EP 363 317-A.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object of eliminating these difficulties and proposing a spinning device with which a multiplicity of nozzle pots arranged on a circle can be easily mounted and uniformly heated in a common heating box.
  • the advantages of the specified solution lie in a compact design of the spinning device with a nozzle head which contains all the nozzle pots with the nozzle packages, and the heating box which closely surrounds the nozzle head and is common to all nozzle pots.
  • the installation and removal of the nozzle head in the heating box is also simple, since the nozzle head is attached as a whole unit to the underside of the distributor or pump block, which in turn closes off the nozzle shaft at the top.
  • the specified solution is also advantageous from a thermal point of view, since the nozzle pots are arranged symmetrically in the nozzle head and heat losses in the nozzle shaft of the heating box, which is closed at the top, are avoided.
  • the specified spinning device it is possible with the specified spinning device to spin a large number of threads with a small pitch. In contrast to previous solutions, the division of the spinning machine, including drawing and winding, is no longer dependent on the division of the spinning device, which is arranged above the spinning machine.
  • the invention has the advantage that all filaments can be spun very evenly.
  • the large number of nozzle openings of a nozzle pot is fed by only one pump. This is acceptable for all applications in which only one thread is formed from the large number of spun filaments. If a nozzle opening is completely or partially blocked in such a case, the melt flow is distributed to the other nozzle openings, but the titer of the individual filaments changes only slightly according to the large number of filaments, and the total titer of the thread is retained.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4, which also contributes to the homogenization of the filaments, is also very favorable in terms of mechanical engineering, in particular spatially but also thermally, since it allows a very compact design of the pump and the pump block which is adapted to the design of the nozzle cup.
  • the design according to claim 5 is very cheap in terms of production technology, since the nozzle head can be manufactured as a turned part. However, it is also particularly favorable in terms of heat technology, since it ensures uniform heat distribution over the individual nozzle pots. The same advantages are to be mentioned for the training according to claim 6.
  • the training according to claim 7 allows easy assembly and easy maintenance. It is particularly advantageous that the nozzle head can be installed and removed and serviced from below.
  • the spinning device in FIGS. 1 and 2 is accommodated in a heating box 1.
  • the heating box 1 is a cylindrical body with an inner jacket and an outer jacket. The two coats form a hermetically sealed cavity between them, which is filled with a heating medium, heating liquid.
  • the cylindrical inner jacket 2 also forms the nozzle shaft.
  • the cylindrical nozzle shaft 2 has a step 3 in front of its lower part.
  • a distributor block 4 rests on step 3.
  • the distributor block 4 almost completely fills the cross section of the nozzle shaft in the upper part. There is therefore good heat-conducting contact between the walls of the nozzle shaft 2 and the distributor block 4.
  • the pump block 5 is located on the distributor block 4.
  • the pump block 5 contains several gear pumps, which are only indicated here.
  • planetary gear pumps are preferably used, each having a central gear and a plurality of planetary gears distributed over the circumference, which mesh with the central gear.
  • the pump is fed through the melt line 6 and feeds into the pump lines 7.
  • the melt line 6 and the pump lines 7 are arranged in the distributor block.
  • the central wheels of the two pumps are driven by pump shaft 21.
  • the melt line 6 is arranged in the distributor block 4. It connects the pumps to an extruder line 24.
  • the extruder line 24 is fed with a meltable spinnable polymer, for example polyethylene terephthalate, through a spinning extruder, not shown.
  • the extruder line 24 is surrounded by an insulating jacket and penetrates the cavity between the inner jacket 2 and the outer jacket of the Heating box 1 by means of a pressure-tight welded cylindrical tube 25.
  • the pump lines are also formed in the distributor block 4. Each of these pressure lines 7 connects a pump outlet to a nozzle packet.
  • a planet gear pump forms a separate pump with each of its planet gears, the pressure build-up of which is independent of the pressure build-up of the other pumps.
  • the two planetary gear pumps shown form eight pumps. Each of these eight pumps is connected via a pressure line 7 to a nozzle packet 10.
  • the spinning device has - as shown in FIG. 2 - eight nozzle packs.
  • the structure of the nozzle packs 100 is the same.
  • a nozzle head 9 is used to receive the nozzle packs.
  • the nozzle head 9 is a cylindrical body, the outer circumference of which is closely matched to the lower part of the nozzle shaft 2.
  • the nozzle head is fastened to the distributor block 4 by a central screw 8.
  • it has, on its side facing the distributor block 4, an abutment ring 20, with which it is firmly clamped against the distributor block 4 by means of the screw 8.
  • the nozzle head 9 has a groove 22 in which a wedge 23 meshes.
  • the wedge 23 is attached to the inner jacket of the nozzle shaft 2. Through the groove and the wedge, the straight head of the nozzle head 9 is effected in the heating box.
  • the nozzle head 9 has eight circular cylindrical holes on a circle concentric with its central axis, each of which forms the nozzle pot 10 and serves to receive the nozzle package 100 consisting of the nozzle plate 12, filter plate 13, filter 14, seal 16 and sealing piston 15.
  • Each of the nozzle pots 10 has an enlarged diameter in its upper region, which forms a step 26 in relation to the lower region.
  • the nozzle plate 12 can in particular be a monofilament nozzle through which a filament is spun out. However, several filaments can also be spun out. However, the use of this invention is preferred in the spinning of monofilaments.
  • the nozzle plate rests on a circumferential collar 11 which delimits the lower end of each nozzle pot 10 and only releases the passage of the nozzle plate 12.
  • the filter plate 13 serves to support the filter 14. These elements have the larger diameter of the nozzle cup. The smaller diameter has the seal 16 and the sealing piston 15.
  • the sealing piston 15 is slidably guided in the nozzle cup 10 with play.
  • the sealing piston 15 has a connecting bore 19 centrally. On its end face facing the distributor block 4 there is a central annular projection 18 with a connection seal 17.
  • the connection seal 17 consists e.g. made of a soft metal, which lies sealingly against the distributor block 4 by the forces acting on the sealing piston 15. It should be emphasized that the connecting bore 19 is aligned with one of the pump lines 7.
  • the respective nozzle pot 10 is charged with melt under pressure. As a result, pressure builds up in the nozzle pot 10.
  • the gap between the nozzle cup or its jacket and the sealing piston 15 is sealed by a seal 16 which presses into the gap as a result of the pressure build-up.
  • the seal 16 is a ring with an angular cross section, which on the one hand covers the gap, but on the other hand leaves the connecting bore 19 exposed. It is a self-sealing system, as is similarly described in US Patent 4,698,008.
  • the seal 16 and the sealing piston 15 have - as said - the enlarged diameter and are therefore on the step 26.
  • the axial extent of this diameter expansion is so large that the connection seal 17 bears against the distributor block 4 essentially without play in the installed state.
  • the distributor block 4 and the pump block 5 are first placed in the nozzle shaft 2 from above.
  • the distributor block 4 is then connected to the extruder line 24.
  • the pump block 5 is clamped to the distributor block 4 from above in a manner not shown and fixed in the nozzle shaft.
  • Fig. 1 it is only indicated by arrows that the pump block 5 is pressed by clamping forces from above against the distributor block 4 and the distributor block 4 against the stage 3.
  • the spinning head 9 is assembled in the disassembled state. That is to say, the nozzle plate 12, the filter plate 13, the filter 14, the seal 16 and the sealing piston 15 with the connecting seal 17 are inserted one after the other into each nozzle pot 10. Then the spinning head 9 with the built-in nozzle packs 100 is mounted in the nozzle shaft 2 of the heating box 1 and fastened in the distributor block 4 by the screw 8. By tightening the screw 8, the connection seals 17 between the distributor block 4 and the sealing piston 15 of the nozzle packs 100 are also slightly prestressed.
  • the heater box shown in FIG. 3 corresponds in structure to the heater box described in US Pat. No. 4,698,008.
  • the heater box is therefore designed as a bar.
  • the underside has the nozzle shafts 2. In each of the nozzle shafts there is a nozzle head 9 with eight nozzle pots.
  • the structure of the nozzle heads 9 corresponds to the description according to FIGS. 1/2.
  • the spinning device shown in Fig. 1, 2 also shows a very compact and therefore space-saving structure for heat transfer with regard to the heating box
  • the spinning device according to Fig. 3 is characterized in that several spinning heads 9 can be accommodated in a single heating box 1 .
  • Which of the versions should be preferred depends on the spatial conditions.
  • this embodiment is particularly suitable for the production of monofilaments which must have a particularly high dimensional accuracy from filament to filament and over the length of the filament.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spinneinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Diese Spinneinrichtung ist Gegenstand der EP 363 317-A.The invention relates to a spinning device according to the preamble of claim 1. This spinning device is the subject of EP 363 317-A.

Bei dieser Spinneinrichtung sind mehrere Düsentöpfe eines Spinnbalkens auf einem Kreis und in einer horizontalen Ebene angeordnet. Jeweils drei Düsentöpfe werden von einer Spinnpumpe mit schmelzflüssigem Polymer beschickt und die aus den Düsenlöchern der drei zugehörigen Düsenplatten ausgepreßten Filamente werden zu jeweils einem Faden zusammengefaßt. Durch US 3,881,850-A ist es bekannt, mehrere auf einem Kreis liegende Düsentöpfe in Heizkästen anzuordnen.In this spinning device, several nozzle pots of a spinning beam are arranged on a circle and in a horizontal plane. In each case, three nozzle pots are charged with molten polymer by a spinning pump, and the filaments pressed out of the nozzle holes of the three associated nozzle plates are each combined into a thread. It is known from US Pat. No. 3,881,850-A to arrange a plurality of nozzle pots lying in a circle in heating boxes.

Die Unterbringung einer Vielzahl von Düsentöpfen in einem einzigen Heizkasten zur im wesentlichen gleichförmigen Beheizung sämtlicher Düsenpakete begegnet dagegen Schwierigkeiten bei der Konstruktion, der Montage und der Wartung.The placement of a large number of nozzle pots in a single heating box for substantially uniform heating of all the nozzle packages, on the other hand, encounters difficulties in the design, assembly and maintenance.

Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Schwierigkeiten zu beseitigen und eine Spinneinrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit der eine Vielzahl von auf einem Kreis angeordneten Düsentöpfen in einem gemeinsamen Heizkasten einfach montiert und gleichförmig beheizt werden kann.The invention is accordingly based on the object of eliminating these difficulties and proposing a spinning device with which a multiplicity of nozzle pots arranged on a circle can be easily mounted and uniformly heated in a common heating box.

Die Lösung ergibt sich aus dem Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1.The solution results from the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Die Vorteile der angegebenen Lösung liegen in einer kompakten Bauweise der Spinneinrichtung mit einem Düsenkopf, der alle Düsentöpfe mit den Düsenpaketen enthält, und dem den Düsenkopf eng umschließenden, allen Düsentöpfen gemeinsamen Heizkasten. Der Ein- und Ausbau des Düsenkopfes in den Heizkasten ist ebenfalls einfach gestaltet, da der Düsenkopf als gesamte Einheit an der Unterseite des Verteiler- bzw. Pumpenblocks befestigt ist, der seinerseits den Düsenschacht nach oben abschließt. Die angegebene Lösung ist aber auch wärmetechnisch vorteilhaft, da die Düsentöpfe symmetrisch im Düsenkopf angeordnet sind und Wärmeverluste in dem nach oben abgeschlossenen Düsenschacht des Heizkastens vermieden werden. Schließlich ist es mit der angegebenen Spinneinrichtung möglich, eine Vielzahl von Fäden bei kleiner Teilung zu spinnen. Im Gegensatz zu bisherigen Lösungen ist nunmehr die Teilung der Spinnmaschine einschließlich Verstreckung und Aufwicklung nicht mehr von der Teilung der Spinneinrichtung, welche über der Spinnmaschine angeordnet ist, abhängig.The advantages of the specified solution lie in a compact design of the spinning device with a nozzle head which contains all the nozzle pots with the nozzle packages, and the heating box which closely surrounds the nozzle head and is common to all nozzle pots. The installation and removal of the nozzle head in the heating box is also simple, since the nozzle head is attached as a whole unit to the underside of the distributor or pump block, which in turn closes off the nozzle shaft at the top. The specified solution is also advantageous from a thermal point of view, since the nozzle pots are arranged symmetrically in the nozzle head and heat losses in the nozzle shaft of the heating box, which is closed at the top, are avoided. Finally, it is possible with the specified spinning device to spin a large number of threads with a small pitch. In contrast to previous solutions, the division of the spinning machine, including drawing and winding, is no longer dependent on the division of the spinning device, which is arranged above the spinning machine.

Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, daß sämtliche Filamente, sehr gleichmäßig ersponnen werden können.The invention has the advantage that all filaments can be spun very evenly.

Bei der durch US 3,881,850-A bekannten Spinneinrichtung wird die Vielzahl von Düsenöffnungen eines Düsentopfes durch nur eine Pumpe beschickt. Das ist für alle Anwendungsfälle akzeptabel, bei denen aus der Vielzahl der gesponnenen Filamente nur ein Faden gebildet wird. Wenn in einem solchen Fall eine Düsenöffnung ganz oder teilweise verstopft ist, so verteilt sich zwar der Schmelzefluß auf die anderen Düsenöffnungen, der Titer der Einzelfilamente ändert sich jedoch entsprechend der großen Anzahl der Filamente nur geringfügig, und der Gesamttiter des Fadens bleibt erhalten.In the spinning device known from US Pat. No. 3,881,850-A, the large number of nozzle openings of a nozzle pot is fed by only one pump. This is acceptable for all applications in which only one thread is formed from the large number of spun filaments. If a nozzle opening is completely or partially blocked in such a case, the melt flow is distributed to the other nozzle openings, but the titer of the individual filaments changes only slightly according to the large number of filaments, and the total titer of the thread is retained.

Wenn aber die Filamente aufgeteilt und zu mehreren Fäden zusammengefaßt werden sollen oder jeder Faden nur aus einem Monofilament bestehen soll, so besteht bei Verstopfung von Düsenöffnungen die Gefahr, daß die Fäden unterschiedlichen Titer haben, der nicht dem Solltiter entspricht. Durch die Anordnung von Ringleitungen und sonstigen hydraulischen Maßnahmen hat man versucht, derartige Fehler zu vermeiden (vgl. z.B. DE 20 22 224-C; DE 21 13 327-A).If, however, the filaments are to be divided and combined into several threads or if each thread is to consist of only one monofilament, there is in the case of constipation Nozzle openings the risk that the threads have different titers that do not correspond to the nominal titer. By arranging ring lines and other hydraulic measures, attempts have been made to avoid such errors (see, for example, DE 20 22 224-C; DE 21 13 327-A).

Es besteht daher die weitere Aufgabe, die Gleichmäßigkeit der ersponnenen synthetischen Fäden weiter zu verbessern und insbesondere Monofilamente oder auch Fäden mit nur wenigen Filamenten zu spinnen, bei denen sowohl der Filamenttiter als auch der Fadentiter unabhängig vom Verstopfungszustand eines oder mehrerer Düsenlöcher konstant bleibt.There is therefore the further task of further improving the uniformity of the spun synthetic threads and in particular spinning monofilaments or threads with only a few filaments, in which both the filament titer and the thread titer remain constant regardless of the clogged state of one or more nozzle holes.

Die Lösung ergibt sich aus dem Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 2. Sie ist auch unabhängig von der Art der Beheizung zur Herstellung mehrerer Monofilamente in einer Spinneinrichtung besonders zu empfehlen (Anspruch 3).The solution results from the characterizing part of claim 2. It is also particularly recommended regardless of the type of heating for producing several monofilaments in a spinning device (claim 3).

Dieser Lösung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß hydraulische Maßnahmen zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Schmelzeströme zu den einzelnen Düsenöffnungen letztlich nicht erfolgreich sind. Dadurch, daß an jede Düsenöffnung bzw. Gruppe von Düsenöffnungen in der Düsenplatte eines Düsentopfes jeweils eine Pumpe angeschlossen wird, tritt ein Selbstregeleffekt ein, bei welchem eine Düsenverstopfung durch entsprechende Druckerhöhung in dem Sinne ausgeglichen wird, daß der Schmelzedurchsatz im wesentlichen konstant bleibt.This solution is based on the knowledge that hydraulic measures for uniform distribution of the melt streams to the individual nozzle openings are ultimately unsuccessful. The fact that a pump is connected to each nozzle opening or group of nozzle openings in the nozzle plate of a nozzle pot results in a self-regulating effect in which nozzle blockage is compensated for by a corresponding pressure increase in the sense that the melt throughput remains essentially constant.

Die Ausführung nach Anspruch 4, die ebenfalls zur Vergleichmäßigung der Filamente beiträgt, ist darüber hinaus maschinenbaulich, räumlich insbesondere aber auch wärmetechnisch sehr günstig, da sie eine sehr kompakte, der Ausbildung des Düsentopfes angepaßte Konstruktion der Pumpe und des Pumpenblocks erlaubt.The embodiment according to claim 4, which also contributes to the homogenization of the filaments, is also very favorable in terms of mechanical engineering, in particular spatially but also thermally, since it allows a very compact design of the pump and the pump block which is adapted to the design of the nozzle cup.

Die Ausbildung nach Anspruch 5 ist fertigungstechnisch sehr günstig, da der Düsenkopf als Drehteil hergestellt werden kann. Er ist aber auch wärmetechnisch besonders günstig, da eine gleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung auf die einzelnen Düsentöpfe gewährleistet wird.
Dieselben Vorteile sind für die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 6 zu nennen.The design according to claim 5 is very cheap in terms of production technology, since the nozzle head can be manufactured as a turned part. However, it is also particularly favorable in terms of heat technology, since it ensures uniform heat distribution over the individual nozzle pots.
The same advantages are to be mentioned for the training according to claim 6.

Die Ausbildung nach Anspruch 7 erlaubt eine gute Montierbarkeit und leichte Wartung. Von besonderem Vorteil ist, daß der Düsenkopf von unten ein- und ausgebaut und gewartet werden kann.The training according to claim 7 allows easy assembly and easy maintenance. It is particularly advantageous that the nozzle head can be installed and removed and serviced from below.

Bei der Ausführung nach Anspruch 8 wird es möglich, lediglich den Düsenkopf zur Aufbringung der Druckkräfte mit dem Pumpenblock oder Verteilerblock zu verbinden, die Dichtkräfte jedoch erst nach der Inbetriebsetzung einzubringen. Diese Lösung hat sich besonders dann bewährt, wenn die Spinneinrichtung zwischenzeitlich drucklos gefahren oder abgeschaltet und sodann ohne nochmalige Nachstellung der Dichtkräfte angefahren wird.In the embodiment according to claim 8, it is possible to connect only the nozzle head for applying the pressure forces to the pump block or distributor block, but to introduce the sealing forces only after commissioning. This solution has proven particularly useful when the spinning device is in the meantime operated without pressure or switched off and then started up without repeated adjustment of the sealing forces.

Die Ausführungen der Kühleinrichtung nach Anspruch 9 erlaubt die gleichmäßige Luftverteilung, wobei die Anordnung sternförmiger Leitbleche insbesondere dann günstig ist, wenn aus einem Spinntopf mehr als ein Filament gesponnen werden soll. In jedem Falle wird durch die Anordnung der radialen Leitbleche ein gegenseitiger Luft- und Wärmeaustausch verhindert.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt
Fig. 2
die Untersicht eines Düsenkopfes mit mehreren Düsentöpfen
Fig. 3
die Untersicht eines Heizkasten mit mehreren Düsenköpfen
The design of the cooling device according to claim 9 allows uniform air distribution, the arrangement of star-shaped guide plates being particularly advantageous if more than one filament is to be spun from a spinning pot. In any case, the mutual arrangement of air and heat exchange is prevented by the arrangement of the radial guide plates.
An embodiment of the invention is described below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a cut
Fig. 2
the bottom view of a nozzle head with several nozzle pots
Fig. 3
the bottom view of a heating box with several nozzle heads

Die Spinneinrichtung in den Figuren Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ist in einem Heizkasten 1 untergebracht. Der Heizkasten 1 ist ein zylindrischer Körper mit einem Innenmantel und einem Außenmantel. Die beiden Mäntel bilden zwischen sich einen hermetisch abgeschlossenen Hohlraum, der mit einem Heizmedium, Heizflüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Der zylindrische Innenmantel 2 bildet gleichzeitig den Düsenschacht.The spinning device in FIGS. 1 and 2 is accommodated in a heating box 1. The heating box 1 is a cylindrical body with an inner jacket and an outer jacket. The two coats form a hermetically sealed cavity between them, which is filled with a heating medium, heating liquid. The cylindrical inner jacket 2 also forms the nozzle shaft.

Es sei bemerkt, daß die nachfolgende Beschreibung auch für die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Spinneinrichtung zutrifft, soweit in der Beschreibung zu Fig. 3 auf die Beschreibung zu Figuren 1/2 verwiesen wird.It should be noted that the following description also applies to the spinning device shown in FIG. 3 insofar as the description of FIG. 3 refers to the description of FIGS. 1/2.

Der zylindrische Düsenschacht 2 besitzt vor seinem unteren Teil eine Stufe 3. Auf der Stufe 3 liegt ein Verteilerblock 4 auf. Der Verteilerblock 4 füllt den Querschnitt des Düsenschachtes im oberen Teil fast vollständig aus. Daher besteht zwischen den Wandungen des Düsenschachtes 2 und dem Verteilerblock 4 guter wärmeleitender Kontakt. Auf dem Verteilerblock 4 liegt der Pumpenblock 5. Der Pumpenblock 5 enthält mehrere Zahnradpumpen, die hier nur angedeutet sind. Es werden erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweise Planetenradpumpen verwandt, die jeweils ein Zentralrad und mehrere auf dem Umfang verteilte Planetenräder, die mit dem Zentralrad kämmen, aufweisen. Die Pumpe wird durch die Schmelzeleitung 6 beschickt und fördert in die Pumpleitungen 7. Die Schmelzeleitung 6 und die Pumpleitungen 7 sind in dem Verteilerblock angeordnet. Die Zentralräder der beiden Pumpen werden durch Pumpenwelle 21 angetrieben.The cylindrical nozzle shaft 2 has a step 3 in front of its lower part. A distributor block 4 rests on step 3. The distributor block 4 almost completely fills the cross section of the nozzle shaft in the upper part. There is therefore good heat-conducting contact between the walls of the nozzle shaft 2 and the distributor block 4. The pump block 5 is located on the distributor block 4. The pump block 5 contains several gear pumps, which are only indicated here. According to the invention, planetary gear pumps are preferably used, each having a central gear and a plurality of planetary gears distributed over the circumference, which mesh with the central gear. The pump is fed through the melt line 6 and feeds into the pump lines 7. The melt line 6 and the pump lines 7 are arranged in the distributor block. The central wheels of the two pumps are driven by pump shaft 21.

Die Schmelzeleitung 6 ist im Verteilerblock 4 angeordnet. Sie verbindet die Pumpen mit einer Extruderleitung 24. Die Extruderleitung 24 wird durch einen nicht dargestellten Spinnextruder mit einem schmelzflüssigen spinnbaren Polymer, z.B. Polyethylenterephthalat beschickt. Die Extruderleitung 24 ist von einem Isoliermantel umgeben und durchdringt den Hohlraum zwischen dem Innenmantel 2 und dem Außenmantel des Heizkastens 1 mittels eines druckfest eingeschweißten zylindrischen Rohres 25.The melt line 6 is arranged in the distributor block 4. It connects the pumps to an extruder line 24. The extruder line 24 is fed with a meltable spinnable polymer, for example polyethylene terephthalate, through a spinning extruder, not shown. The extruder line 24 is surrounded by an insulating jacket and penetrates the cavity between the inner jacket 2 and the outer jacket of the Heating box 1 by means of a pressure-tight welded cylindrical tube 25.

Auch die Pumpleitungen (Druckleitungen 7) sind in dem Verteilerblock 4 gebildet. Jede dieser Druckleitungen 7 verbindet einen Pumpenauslaß mit einem Düsenpaket. Dabei ist hervorzuheben, daß eine Planetenradpumpe mit jedem ihrer Planetenräder eine separate Pumpe bildet, deren Druckaufbau von dem Druckaufbau der anderen Pumpen unabhängig ist. Bei einer Planetenradpumpe mit einem Zentralrad und vier Planetenrädern muß man also im Sinne dieser Anmeldung von vier Pumpen sprechen. Die dargestellten zwei Planetenradpumpen bilden also technisch gesehen acht Pumpen. Jede dieser acht Pumpen ist über jeweils eine Druckleitung 7 mit einem Düsenpaket 10 verbunden.The pump lines (pressure lines 7) are also formed in the distributor block 4. Each of these pressure lines 7 connects a pump outlet to a nozzle packet. It should be emphasized that a planet gear pump forms a separate pump with each of its planet gears, the pressure build-up of which is independent of the pressure build-up of the other pumps. In the case of a planetary gear pump with a central gear and four planetary gears, one must therefore speak of four pumps in the sense of this application. Technically speaking, the two planetary gear pumps shown form eight pumps. Each of these eight pumps is connected via a pressure line 7 to a nozzle packet 10.

Die Spinneinrichtung weist - wie Fig. 2 zeigt - acht Düsenpakete auf. Die Düsenpakete 100 sind in ihrem Aufbau gleich. Zur Aufnahme der Düsenpakete dient ein Düsenkopf 9. Der Düsenkopf 9 ist ein zylindrischer Körper, dessen Außenumfang dem unteren Teil des Düsenschachtes 2 eng angepaßt ist. Der Düsenkopf wird durch eine zentrale Schraube 8 an dem Verteilerblock 4 befestigt. Er weist hierzu auf seiner dem Verteilerblock 4 zugewandten Seite einen Anlagering 20 auf, mit dem er mittels der Schraube 8 fest gegen den Verteilerblock 4 verspannt wird. Der Düsenkopf 9 weist eine Nut 22 auf, in der ein Keil 23 kämmt. Der Keil 23 ist am Innenmantel des Düsenschachtes 2 befestigt. Durch die Nut und den Keil wird die Geradführung des Düsenkopfes 9 im Heizkasten bewirkt.The spinning device has - as shown in FIG. 2 - eight nozzle packs. The structure of the nozzle packs 100 is the same. A nozzle head 9 is used to receive the nozzle packs. The nozzle head 9 is a cylindrical body, the outer circumference of which is closely matched to the lower part of the nozzle shaft 2. The nozzle head is fastened to the distributor block 4 by a central screw 8. For this purpose, it has, on its side facing the distributor block 4, an abutment ring 20, with which it is firmly clamped against the distributor block 4 by means of the screw 8. The nozzle head 9 has a groove 22 in which a wedge 23 meshes. The wedge 23 is attached to the inner jacket of the nozzle shaft 2. Through the groove and the wedge, the straight head of the nozzle head 9 is effected in the heating box.

Der Düsenkopf 9 weist auf einem zu seiner Mittelachse konzentrischen Kreis acht kreiszylindrische Löcher auf, die jeweils den Düsentopf 10 bilden und zur Aufnahme des aus Düsenplatte 12, Filterplatte 13, Filter 14, Dichtung 16 und Dichtkolben 15 bestehenden Düsenpaketes 100 dienen.The nozzle head 9 has eight circular cylindrical holes on a circle concentric with its central axis, each of which forms the nozzle pot 10 and serves to receive the nozzle package 100 consisting of the nozzle plate 12, filter plate 13, filter 14, seal 16 and sealing piston 15.

Jeder der Düsentöpfe 10 weist in seinem oberen Bereich eine Durchmessererweiterung auf, die gegenüber dem unteren Bereich eine Stufe 26 bildet.
Bei der Düsenplatte 12 kann es sich vor allem um eine Monofildüse handeln, durch welche ein Filament ausgesponnen wird. Es können jedoch auch mehrere Filamente ausgesponnen werden. Bevorzugt ist die Anwendung dieser Erfindung jedoch bei dem Verspinnen von Monofilamenten.Each of the nozzle pots 10 has an enlarged diameter in its upper region, which forms a step 26 in relation to the lower region.
The nozzle plate 12 can in particular be a monofilament nozzle through which a filament is spun out. However, several filaments can also be spun out. However, the use of this invention is preferred in the spinning of monofilaments.

Die Düsenplatte liegt auf einem umlaufenden Bund 11 auf, der das untere Ende jedes Düsentopfes 10 begrenzt und nur den Durchtritt der Düsenplatte 12 freigibt. Die Filterplatte 13 dient zum Abstützen des Filters 14. Diese Elemente besitzen den größeren Durchmesser des Düsentopfes. Den kleineren Durchmesser besitzen die Dichtung 16 sowie der Dichtkolben 15. Der Dichtkolben 15 ist in dem Düsentopf 10 mit Spiel gleitend geführt. Der Dichtkolben 15 weist zentrisch eine Verbindungsbohrung 19 auf. An seiner dem Verteilerblock 4 zugewandten Stirnseite befindet sich ein zentrischer ringfömiger Ansatz 18 mit einer Anschlußdichtung 17. Die Anschlußdichtung 17 besteht z.B. aus einem weichen Metall, das sich durch die auf den Dichtkolben 15 einwirkenden Kräfte dichtend gegen den Verteilerblock 4 legt. Dabei ist hervorzuheben, daß die Verbindungsbohrung 19 mit jeweils einer der Pumpleitungen 7 fluchtet.The nozzle plate rests on a circumferential collar 11 which delimits the lower end of each nozzle pot 10 and only releases the passage of the nozzle plate 12. The filter plate 13 serves to support the filter 14. These elements have the larger diameter of the nozzle cup. The smaller diameter has the seal 16 and the sealing piston 15. The sealing piston 15 is slidably guided in the nozzle cup 10 with play. The sealing piston 15 has a connecting bore 19 centrally. On its end face facing the distributor block 4 there is a central annular projection 18 with a connection seal 17. The connection seal 17 consists e.g. made of a soft metal, which lies sealingly against the distributor block 4 by the forces acting on the sealing piston 15. It should be emphasized that the connecting bore 19 is aligned with one of the pump lines 7.

Durch die Pumpleitung 7 und Verbindungsbohrung 19 wird also der jeweilige Düsentopf 10 mit unter Druck stehender Schmelze beschickt. Dadurch baut sich in dem Düsentopf 10 ein Druck auf. Der Spalt zwischen dem Düsentopf bzw. seinem Mantel und dem Dichtkolben 15 wird durch eine Dichtung 16 abgedichtet, die sich infolge des Druckaufbaus in den Spalt hineindrückt. Die Dichtung 16 ist ein im Querschnitt winkelförmiger Ring, der einerseits den Spalt überdeckt, der aber andererseits die Verbindungsbohrung 19 freiläßt. Es handelt sich hier um ein selbstdichtendes System, wie es ähnlich auch in dem US-Patent 4,698,008 beschrieben ist.Through the pump line 7 and the connecting bore 19, the respective nozzle pot 10 is charged with melt under pressure. As a result, pressure builds up in the nozzle pot 10. The gap between the nozzle cup or its jacket and the sealing piston 15 is sealed by a seal 16 which presses into the gap as a result of the pressure build-up. The seal 16 is a ring with an angular cross section, which on the one hand covers the gap, but on the other hand leaves the connecting bore 19 exposed. It is a self-sealing system, as is similarly described in US Patent 4,698,008.

Die Dichtung 16 sowie der Dichtkolben 15 weisen - wie gesagt - den erweiterten Durchmesser auf und liegen daher auf der Stufe 26 auf. Die axiale Erstreckung dieser Durchmessererweiterung ist so groß, daß im eingebauten Zustand die Anschlußdichtung 17 an dem Verteilerblock 4 im wesentlichen spielfrei anliegt.The seal 16 and the sealing piston 15 have - as said - the enlarged diameter and are therefore on the step 26. The axial extent of this diameter expansion is so large that the connection seal 17 bears against the distributor block 4 essentially without play in the installed state.

Zum Inbetriebsetzen der Spinneinrichtung werden zunächst von oben der Verteilerblock 4 und der Pumpenblock 5 in den Düsenschacht 2 gelegt. Sodann erfolgt der Anschluß des Verteilerblocks 4 an die Extruderleitung 24. Ebenso wird der Pumpenblock 5 von oben in nicht dargestellter Weise mit dem Verteilerblock 4 verspannt und in dem Düsenschacht festgelegt.To start up the spinning device, the distributor block 4 and the pump block 5 are first placed in the nozzle shaft 2 from above. The distributor block 4 is then connected to the extruder line 24. Likewise, the pump block 5 is clamped to the distributor block 4 from above in a manner not shown and fixed in the nozzle shaft.

In Fig. 1 ist lediglich durch Pfeile angedeutet, daß der Pumpenblock 5 durch Einspannkräfte von oben gegen den Verteilerblock 4 und der Verteilerblock 4 gegen die Stufe 3 gedrückt wird.In Fig. 1 it is only indicated by arrows that the pump block 5 is pressed by clamping forces from above against the distributor block 4 and the distributor block 4 against the stage 3.

Nunmehr wird der Spinnkopf 9 im abgebauten Zustand montiert. Das heißt: es werden in jeden Düsentopf 10 von oben nacheinander die Düsenplatte 12, die Filterplatte 13, das Filter 14, die Dichtung 16 und der Dichtkolben 15 mit der Anschlußdichtung 17 eingelegt. Danach wird der Spinnkopf 9 mit den eingebauten Düsenpaketen 100 in den Düsenschacht 2 des Heizkastens 1 montiert und durch die Schraube 8 in dem Verteilerblock 4 befestigt. Durch Anziehen der Schraube 8 werden dabei auch die Anschlußdichtungen 17 zwischen dem Verteilerblock 4 und den Dichtkolben 15 der Düsenpakete 100 leicht vorgespannt.Now the spinning head 9 is assembled in the disassembled state. That is to say, the nozzle plate 12, the filter plate 13, the filter 14, the seal 16 and the sealing piston 15 with the connecting seal 17 are inserted one after the other into each nozzle pot 10. Then the spinning head 9 with the built-in nozzle packs 100 is mounted in the nozzle shaft 2 of the heating box 1 and fastened in the distributor block 4 by the screw 8. By tightening the screw 8, the connection seals 17 between the distributor block 4 and the sealing piston 15 of the nozzle packs 100 are also slightly prestressed.

Wenn nun die Anlage unter Druck gesetzt wird, so bewirkt der sich aufbauende Druck der Spinnschmelze in jedem der Düsentöpfe 10, daß die Dichtung 16 in den Spalt zwischen den Außenwandungen des Düsentopfes und dem Dichtkolben 15 hineingedrückt wird und den Spalt abdichtet. Dabei wird der Dichtkolben 15 nach oben gedrückt, so daß sich die Anschlußdichtung 17 mit großer Flächenpressung gegen den Verteilerblock 4 legt. Daher bewirkt die Anschlußdichtung 17 die druckabhängige Abdichtung der Druckleitung 7 und des Dichtkolbens 15.
Der in Fig. 3 gezeigte Heizkasten entspricht im Aufbau dem Heizkasten, der in der US-PS 4,698,008 beschrieben ist.
Der Heizkasten ist also als Balken ausgeführt. Die Unterseite weist die Düsenschächte 2 auf. In jedem der Düsenschächte liegt ein Düsenkopf 9 mit acht Düsentöpfen.If the system is now pressurized, the pressure build-up of the spinning melt in each of the nozzle pots 10 causes the seal 16 to be pressed into the gap between the outer walls of the nozzle pot and the sealing piston 15 and to seal the gap. The sealing piston 15 is pressed upwards so that the connection seal 17 lies against the distributor block 4 with a large surface pressure. Therefore causes the connection seal 17 the pressure-dependent sealing of the pressure line 7 and the sealing piston 15th
The heater box shown in FIG. 3 corresponds in structure to the heater box described in US Pat. No. 4,698,008.
The heater box is therefore designed as a bar. The underside has the nozzle shafts 2. In each of the nozzle shafts there is a nozzle head 9 with eight nozzle pots.

Der Aufbau der Düsenköpfe 9 entspricht der Beschreibung nach den Figuren 1/2.The structure of the nozzle heads 9 corresponds to the description according to FIGS. 1/2.

Während die in Fig. 1, 2 dargestellte Spinneinrichtung auch hinsichtlich des Heizkastens einen sehr kompakten und daher raumgünstigen für die Wärmeübertragung günstigen Aufbau zeigt, zeichnet sich die Spinneinrichtung nach Fig. 3 dadurch aus, daß mehrere Spinnköpfe 9 in einem einzigen Heizkasten 1 untergebracht werden können. Welcher der Ausführungen der Vorzug zu geben ist, richtet sich zwar nach den Raumverhältnissen. Infolge der wärmetechnisch günstigen Ausführung nach Fig. 1 ist diese Ausführung insbesondere für die Herstellung von Monofilen geeignet, die eine besonders hohe Maßhaltigkeit von Filament zu Filament und über die Länge des Filamentes aufweisen müssen.While the spinning device shown in Fig. 1, 2 also shows a very compact and therefore space-saving structure for heat transfer with regard to the heating box, the spinning device according to Fig. 3 is characterized in that several spinning heads 9 can be accommodated in a single heating box 1 . Which of the versions should be preferred depends on the spatial conditions. As a result of the thermally favorable embodiment according to FIG. 1, this embodiment is particularly suitable for the production of monofilaments which must have a particularly high dimensional accuracy from filament to filament and over the length of the filament.

BEZUGSZEICHENAUFSTELLUNGREFERENCE SIGN LISTING

11
HeizkastenHeating box
22nd
DüsenschachtNozzle shaft
33rd
Stufestep
44th
VerteilerblockDistribution block
55
PumpenblockPump block
66
SchmelzeleitungMelting line
77
Pumpleitung, DruckleitungPump line, pressure line
88th
Schraube, ZentralschraubeScrew, central screw
99
Düsenkopf, SpinnkopfNozzle head, spinning head
1010th
DüsentopfNozzle pot
1111
BundFederation
1212
DüsenplatteNozzle plate
1313
FilterplatteFilter plate
1414
Filterfilter
1515
Dichtkolben, AnschlußkolbenSealing pistons, connecting pistons
1616
Dichtungpoetry
1717th
Dichtung, AnschlußdichtungSeal, connection seal
1818th
zentrischer Ansatzcentric approach
1919th
Verbindungsbohrung, DurchgangsbohrungConnection hole, through hole
2020th
AnlageringBearing ring
2121
PumpenwellePump shaft
2222
NutGroove
2323
Keilwedge
2424th
ExtruderleitungExtruder line
2525th
Rohrpipe
2626
Stufestep
100100
DüsenpaketNozzle pack

Claims (9)

  1. Spinning apparatus for spinning a plurality of synthetic filaments,
    wherein with the aid of spinning pumps a molten polymer is fed into nozzle cans (10) arranged in a circle and is pressed downwards out of said cans through nozzle holes introduced in nozzle plates (12),
    characterized in that
    the spinning apparatus is disposed in a heating box (1) which forms a nozzle shaft (2) which is open at the bottom,
    that the nozzle shaft (2) is closed at the top by a distributor block (4) or pump block (5),
    that the nozzle cans (10) are introduced into a nozzle head (9) in the form of a cylindrical recess,
    and that the nozzle head (9) is fastened to the underside of the pump block (5) or distributor block (4).
  2. Spinning apparatus according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    one spinning pump is associated with each nozzle can (10).
  3. Spinning apparatus according to claim 2,
    characterized in that
    only one nozzle hole for extruding in each case one monofilament is introduced in each nozzle plate (12).
  4. Spinning apparatus according to claim 2 or 3,
    characterized in that
    the spinning pump is a multiple pump, in particular a planet wheel gear pump, whose outlets are each connected to one nozzle can (10) and which is driven by a common shaft (21).
  5. Spinning apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the nozzle head (9) and the nozzle shaft (2) are of a circular cylindrical construction.
  6. Spinning apparatus according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the heating box (1) is of a cylindrical construction.
  7. Spinning apparatus according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the nozzle head (9) is fastened to the pump block (5) or distributor block (4) by a central screw (8) lying at the centre of the circle, along which the nozzle cans (10) are disposed.
  8. Spinning apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    each nozzle can (10) has, lying opposite the nozzle plate (12), a movable connecting piston (15) which is pressed against the pump block (5) or distributor block (4) by the pressure prevailing in the nozzle can (10) and which has a through bore (19) connecting the connection opening to the nozzle can (10),
    and that the pump block (5) or distributor block (4) has connection openings which are each connected to a spinning pump and disposed concentrically relative to the nozzle cans (10).
  9. Spinning apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    disposed below and concentrically with the nozzle head (9) is a radially porous, cylindrical candle or a cylindrical blast shaft with a porous inner wall, which candle or shaft is connected to a compressed-air source for the purpose of supplying cooling air,
    and that star-shaped or radial baffle plates emanate from the candle or blast shaft,
    and that the nozzle cans (10) are disposed substantially centrically above the spaces between the baffle plates.
EP90122259A 1989-11-27 1990-11-22 Spinning apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0436105B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3939138 1989-11-27
DE3939138 1989-11-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436105A2 EP0436105A2 (en) 1991-07-10
EP0436105A3 EP0436105A3 (en) 1992-05-13
EP0436105B1 true EP0436105B1 (en) 1993-10-13

Family

ID=6394251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90122259A Expired - Lifetime EP0436105B1 (en) 1989-11-27 1990-11-22 Spinning apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5354529A (en)
EP (1) EP0436105B1 (en)
KR (1) KR930012184B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59003082D1 (en)

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DE4236570A1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-09 Akzo N.V., Arnheim/Arnhem, Nl
TW302400B (en) * 1993-02-18 1997-04-11 Barmag Barmer Maschf
IT1276034B1 (en) * 1994-11-10 1997-10-24 Barmag Barmer Maschf SPINNING CROSS FOR THE SPINNING OF A PLURALITY OF SYNTHETIC YARNS AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION
US5618566A (en) * 1995-04-26 1997-04-08 Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. Modular meltblowing die
DE59705514D1 (en) * 1996-09-04 2002-01-10 Barmag Barmer Maschf spinning beam
TR199901364T2 (en) 1996-12-18 1999-11-22 Barmag Ag �plik tahtas�.
DE19821406A1 (en) * 1998-05-13 1999-11-18 Lurgi Zimmer Ag Sealing element for melt channels
US6932870B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2005-08-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. System and process for dispensing an adhesive onto a core during the formation of rolled products
US6824733B2 (en) * 2002-06-20 2004-11-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Meltblowing apparatus employing planetary gear metering pump
US6846450B2 (en) * 2002-06-20 2005-01-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making a nonwoven web
US7175407B2 (en) * 2003-07-23 2007-02-13 Aktiengesellschaft Adolph Saurer Linear flow equalizer for uniform polymer distribution in a spin pack of a meltspinning apparatus
EP1793022B1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2010-12-01 Teijin Fibers Limited (spun-dyed) polyester monofilament
DE102010005219A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Synthetic filaments melt-spinning device for forming threads, has pump block including upper heat flange, which covers pump block and lower heat flange, which covers nozzle package, where upper and lower heat flanges are heatably formed
JP5448935B2 (en) * 2010-03-01 2014-03-19 Ｔｍｔマシナリー株式会社 Spinning pack
KR101511000B1 (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-04-10 김순환 Manufacturing equipment of yarn

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DE1660196C3 (en) * 1965-04-14 1974-04-04 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5600 Wuppertal Gear pump for conveying and distributing the spinning components of composite yarn
DE2022224C3 (en) * 1970-05-06 1978-07-20 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Device for distributing spinning melts
DE2113327A1 (en) * 1971-03-19 1972-10-12 Reifenhaeuser Kg Apparatus for the production of melt-spun fibers
US3724492A (en) * 1971-05-05 1973-04-03 Barmag Barmer Maschf Distributor for viscous fluid spinning melts or solutions
US3881850A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-05-06 Eastman Kodak Co Melt spinning tower module and circular melt spin block therefor
US3938925A (en) * 1974-09-11 1976-02-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Spin pack assembly
DE3475083D1 (en) * 1983-03-23 1988-12-15 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning head for melt-spinning filaments
JPS60199906A (en) * 1984-03-19 1985-10-09 Toray Ind Inc Spinning block
US4698008A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-10-06 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
DE3642867A1 (en) * 1986-12-16 1988-06-30 Barmag Barmer Maschf SPINNING MACHINE
DE3818017A1 (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-15 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning head
IT1227263B (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-03-28 Filteco Spa APPARATUS AND SPINNING METHOD FOR EXTRUSION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5354529A (en) 1994-10-11
EP0436105A3 (en) 1992-05-13
DE59003082D1 (en) 1993-11-18
EP0436105A2 (en) 1991-07-10
KR930012184B1 (en) 1993-12-24
KR910009970A (en) 1991-06-28

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